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For those would-be investors wanting to jump into the stock market but wondering which stock to buy, legendary investor Warren Buffett has a suggestion: Try buying 500 stocks instead.“In my view, for most people, the best thing to do is own the S&P 500 index fund,” Buffett said at Berkshire Hathaway’s annual meeting in May. But what is the S&P 500, and how do you invest in one of its funds?Here’s an intro to how S&P 500 funds work, and whether one might be a good fit for your portfolio.What is the S&P 500?The S&P 500, or S&P, is a stock market index comprising shares of 500 large, industry-leading U.S. companies. It is widely followed and often considered a proxy for the overall health of the U.S. stock market.Standard & Poor’s, an American investment information service, created the index in 1957. Every quarter, its investment committee meets to review which stocks belong in the index based on each company’s market size, liquidity and group representation. Today, 505 stocks constitute the index, since some of the 500 companies have more than one class of shares.Contrary to popular belief, the stocks forming the index are not the 500 biggest U.S. companies, but they are arguably the 500 most important companies. Over .2 trillion is invested through the index, with these 505 stocks representing about 80% of the total U.S. stock market’s value.The S&P 500 is a cap-weighted index, meaning each stock within the index is weighted according to its market capitalization, or total market value (number of outstanding shares multiplied by current market price). The larger the company, the greater its influence on the index.As of Aug. 31, 2020, these are the top 10 companies by index weight in the S&P 500:Apple.Microsoft.Amazon.Facebook.Alphabet, Google’s parent company (shares in classes A and C).Berkshire Hathaway.Johnson & Johnson.Visa.Procter & Gamble.How do you invest in the S&P 500?An index is a measure of its underlying stocks’ performance, so you cannot directly invest in the index itself. Buying every company’s shares would be an arduous task (think 505 separate transactions), but thankfully there are index funds and exchange-traded funds, or ETFs, that replicate the index, effectively doing that work for you.While all S&P 500 funds track the holdings of this index, an investor must consider whether using an index fund (a passively managed mutual fund) or an ETF makes the most sense for them. The good news when weighing index funds versus ETFs is that there are solid S&P 500 options in each category, and all of these products leverage the diversity of the index itself.Because the S&P 500 is weighted by each company’s market capitalization, the larger companies in the index can sometimes have an outsize impact on the performance of the larger index. In other words, a big dip in price for Apple shares can create a dip in the index as a whole. Because of this, some investors prefer to purchase the S&P 500 in an equal-weighted format, so that each company has the same impact on the index. This is meant to create an index that is more representative of the overall U.S. market.After deciding your preference for an index fund or ETF, cap-weighted or equal-weighted, you can begin narrowing down which S&P 500 fund to purchase. To minimize your costs, look into each fund’s expense ratio — the percentage of your assets you’ll pay in fees each year — to see how they compare.Fees are important here since all of these funds track the same index, which means their returns should be roughly the same. The lower the fee, the more of that return you keep.Should you invest in the S&P 500?There are a number of things to think about before you choose any investment. But an S&P fund can generally be a good choice if you want to add broad exposure to the U.S. stock market to your portfolio.“The S&P 500 is a key part of a diversified investing strategy because it’s a good bet that the U.S. economy will continue to succeed and grow in the long term,” says Tony Molina, senior product manager at Wealthfront. The U.S. has the largest economy and stock market in the world, and is one of the most resilient and active, especially when it comes to innovation. That’s why it’s a no-brainer to include the S&P 500 as part of your portfolio.”Larger companies are generally more stable to invest in because they are well-established and widely followed. Thus, these stocks usually have less risk and lower volatility. The S&P 500 combines large companies across various industries, so investors access a broad, diversified mix of companies when investing in it.Choosing an index fund or ETF can also help investors avoid — or at least minimize — the behavioral pitfalls from stock-picking, which is a losing strategy, says Dejan Ilijevski, president of Sabela Capital Markets.Ilijevski cites the May 2018 study by professor Hendrik Bessembinder at Arizona State University, which examined investments in publicly traded U.S. stocks between 1926 and 2016 and found that just over 4% of the companies accounted for the total wealth created.“Picking those few individual winners is impossible,” Ilijevski says. “Your best bet is to own as much of the market with a fund that tracks the index.”Using index funds and ETFs can help investors generate strong returns while also minimizing their costs, says Kevin Koehler, chartered financial analyst and director of the investment strategy group at Miracle Mile Advisors in Los Angeles.“Investing in the S&P 500 the past 25 years would have given an investor over a 10% annualized return, proving that an investor does not need to be paying high expenses to get good market returns,” Koehler says.Are there drawbacks to investing in the S&P 500?There are caveats to consider. The S&P 500 consists of only large-cap U.S. stocks. Portfolio diversification encompasses buying mid- and small-cap companies along with large-caps; allocating funds to international companies along with domestic ones; and including bonds, cash and potentially other asset classes with stocks.Koehler also notes drawbacks in the S&P 500 related to its market-cap weighting.“As passive investing increases, investors are continually investing in S&P 500 funds, which has contributed to a ‘rich get richer’ problem, where the largest stocks are getting larger due to S&P 500 investing, rather than individual stock investing,” Koehler says. “This can lead to higher volatility, as active managers sell an individual stock on top of index funds selling a portion. The market could continuously be overvalued compared to its underlying value.”But relative to the downsides of many investment types, the flaws of S&P 500 funds seem relatively minor, especially when used as a part of your overall portfolio and held for the longer term. This helps explain why icons like Buffett have so publicly endorsed them.“I happen to believe that Berkshire is about as solid as any single investment can be, in terms of earning reasonable returns over time,” said Buffett at the May meeting, speaking about the investing company he’s turned into an empire. “But, I would not want to bet my life on whether we beat the S&P 500 over the next 10 years.”More From NerdWallet4 Ways Women Can Invest in Other WomenHow the Pros Ride Market Volatility — and Why You Shouldn’tIf Doing Less Means Saving More, Try These 5 Money MovesTiffany Lam-Balfour is a writer at NerdWallet. Email: tlambalfour@nerdwallet.com. 7573

Four sisters from Nebraska were ecstatic when they found out they were all pregnant at the exact same time.Elizabeth, Danielle, Michelle, and Sarah delivered not four but five babies, all in the course of 12 days.Elizabeth Kohlhoff delivered twins on April 29."Danielle was the first," Elizabeth said. "And then Sarah and Michelle and I were like thank goodness it's not me! And then all of a sudden I'm like oh wow, me now."Elizabeth, Danielle, Michelle, and Sarah carried their babies during the pandemic. Grandma Mary was excited but worried about her daughters."It was scary," Mary Sneed, the grandmother, said. "It was all scary but you know pregnancy's scary. Having a baby is scary. So praise god everybody's healthy. It was perfect."Everything went well, and they delivered five babies. Twins Henry and Emma, Alivia, Josephine, and Natalie. The deliveries all taking place within 12 days."It was not planned at all. It was crazy," Elizabeth said.To grandma Mary - five is just a good starting point. She herself had 12 kids."It's just a lot of fun having kids, everybody has lots of kids, a lot of fun."They call it the miracle during the pandemic. Especially because Michelle Ismert lost her first baby during pregnancy.Michelle gave birth to Josephine on May 1"We lost our first at 37 weeks," Michelle said. "So it was a little scary at the end thinking that may happen again. But she's here and she's healthy and a happy baby for the most part."The family is originally from the Omaha area and are now all scattered across the country but came together this week to celebrate and meet all the babies.KMTV in Omaha, Nebraska first reported this story. 1669

Firefighters went door-to-door urging some residents of Leilani Estates to leave as lava from Hawaii's Kilauea volcano moved closer, once again."Any residents remaining in the current affected areas should evacuate now," read an emergency message sent by the County of Hawaii Civil Defense.Thick waves of fresh lava from fissure 22 and 7 -- which officials say is producing the largest amount of lava -- are blazing down a mount of volcanic rock."It's just a matter of time," resident Steve Gebbie says. "I don't know what's going to be left of Leilani, I really think it might be wiped out."This week, eruptions sent ash plume 10,000 feet up in the air. More red and orange lava fountains emerged and lava reached the Pacific Ocean, presenting a new threat for residents.The oozing lava has destroyed a total of 82 structures on Hawaii's Big Island and other 37 structures have become inaccessible in the last days, said Hawaii County Civil Defense Administrator Talmadge Magno.About 2,200 acres have been covered in lava since the Kilauea volcano eruptions began on May 3, Magno added.The US Geological Survey said there were 90 earthquakes of multiple intensities at the volcano summit in about 6 hours on Friday.  1230

Fox News said on Monday that it would no longer air an ad calling for President Trump's impeachment, a move that came after Trump seemingly responded to the 60-second spot by attacking the billionaire Democratic donor featured in it on Twitter."Due to the strong negative reaction to their ad by our viewers, we could not in good conscience take their money," Jack Abernethy, co-president of Fox News, said in a statement.A Fox News spokesperson declined to say exactly how the network measured the negative reaction the ad drew and how it determined the negative reaction met a threshold that necessitated no longer airing it.Television networks have wide latitude about the commercials they air. Ads with totally false claims are occasionally rejected. But Fox's decision -- shelving an ad because viewers complained -- is highly unusual.The ad, produced by a group backed by Democratic megadonor Tom Steyer called Need To Impeach, features Steyer outlining a case for impeaching Trump, framing the president as a "clear and present danger" who is "mentally unstable and armed with nuclear weapons." It directs viewers to sign an online petition.The ad has been running elsewhere on TV, including CNN and MSNBC and some local broadcast TV stations, including ones owned by Fox's parent company. There is also an online component to the ad campaign.The 60-second spot ran on Fox News three times on October 27. After one of the ads aired during "Fox & Friends" that morning, Trump seemingly responded to it, labeling Steyer in a tweet as "wacky & totally unhinged."On Friday, Steyer announced on MSNBC's "All In With Chris Hayes" that Fox News was refusing to air week two of his ad buy. Need To Impeach, which had purchased seven slots to air that week, said in a press release that it was first informed by Fox News of its decision on October 31.A representative for Need To Impeach said the group was told it would be refunded for the second week of its ad buy since none of the ads ran. It's unclear whether Fox News, which said it "could not in good conscience" take money from the group, would refund Need To Impeach for the three ads that did run on its network. The Need To Impeach representative said it has not received any refund thus far. A Fox News spokesperson declined to comment.Brad Deutsch, an attorney representing Need To Impeach who sent a letter to Abernethy on Friday accusing Fox News of breaching its contract, told CNN he believed that Fox News' decision to pull the ad raised larger questions about the network's programming."Fox News is admitting that they don't provide their viewers with information if the information will upset their audience (i.e., impact their bottom line by losing audience)," Deutsch said in an email."It makes you wonder whether they are making the same calculations with decision about news content," he continued. "Is Fox setting news judgment aside and censoring news stories because they fear a 'strong negative reaction" from their audiences?"Fox's decision may have ultimately drawn even more attention to Steyer and his ad campaign. He tweeted on Monday: "Fox News trying to silence the 1.7 million who have already signed our impeachment petition." Then he promoted a link to the petition.The-CNN-Wire 3280

Former Arkansas high school teacher Jessie Lorene Goline, 25, is accused by law enforcement of having sexual relations with four high school students in 2016, the Arkansas Democrat-Gazette reported. Goline was formally charged on Wednesday with one count of first degree sexual assault, according to online court records. The Democrat-Gazette reported that only one of the four students were under 18 at the time of the encounters. Authorities told the Democrat-Gazette that Goline allegedly had sex with two students she had taken to her apartment on the same day.In the affidavit, Goline believed one of the students was 18 but he was not. Three of the male students were from the Marked Tree School District, and one was from the East Poinsett County School District. They told authorities that they received text messages from Goline, and that their conversations became more sexual over time. Authorities learned of the alleged incidents in April when a parent threatened to “do bodily harm to one of their teachers.” That's when one of the parents came forward. Goline, who was released later on Wednesday, faces a judge in October.  1217