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WASHINGTON, March 25 (Xinhua) -- Researchers at the University of Colorado (CU) and the Harvard University have found that people living at higher altitudes have a lower chance of dying from ischemic heart disease and tend to live longer than others, according to a study published this week in the Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health.They spent four years analyzing death certificates from every county in the United States. They examined cause-of-death, socio- economic factors and other issues in their research.They found that of the top 20 counties with the highest life expectancy, eleven for men and five for women were located in Colorado and Utah. And each county was at a mean elevation of 5, 967 feet above sea level. The men lived between 75.8 and 78.2 years, while women ranged from 80.5 to 82.5 years.Compared to those living near sea-level, the men lived 1.2 to 3. 6 years longer and women 0.5 to 2.5 years more."If living in a lower oxygen environment such as in our Colorado mountains helps reduce the risk of dying from heart disease it could help us develop new clinical treatments for those conditions," said Benjamin Honigman, professor of Emergency Medicine at the CU School of Medicine. "Lower oxygen levels turn on certain genes and we think those genes may change the way heart muscles function. They may also produce new blood vessels that create new highways for blood flow into the heart."Another explanation, he said, could be that increased solar radiation at altitude helps the body better synthesize vitamin D which has also been shown to have beneficial effects on the heart and some kinds of cancer.Despite these numbers, the study showed that when socio- economic factors, solar radiation, smoking and pulmonary disease were taken into account, the net effect of altitude on overall life expectancy was negligible.Still, Honigman said, altitude seems to offer protection against heart disease deaths and may also play a role in cancer development.Colorado, the highest state in the nation, is also the leanest state, the fittest state, has the fewest deaths from heart disease and a lower incidence of colon and lung cancer compared to others.
BAIKONUR, Kazakhstan, April 5 (Xinhua) -- Russia launched a spacecraft with three astronauts on board from the Kazakh Baikonur space center early on Tuesday, Xinhua correspondents reported from the site.The Soyuz TMA-21 spacecraft atop a Soyuz-FG carrier rocket blasted off at 02:18 a.m. Moscow time (2218 GMT April 4), sending to the International Space Station (ISS) Russian cosmonauts Alexander Samokutyaev and Andrei Borisenko and U.S. astronaut Ronald Garn.The Russian Soyuz TMA-21 spacecraft, named after the first cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin, carrying the International Space Station (ISS) crew of U.S. astronaut Ronald Garan, Russian cosmonauts Alexandr Samokutyaev and Andrey Borisenko, blasts off at the Baikonur cosmodrome, April 5, 2011.The Soyuz TMA-21, named after the first cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin, was scheduled to dock with the ISS at 03:18 a.m. Moscow time (2318 GMT April 6) on Thursday.According to the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos), the three new crew members are expected to spend 170 days in the ISS. During the period, they will receive two U.S. space shuttles and three Russian Progress cargo ships, conduct a spacewalk and carry out over 40 experiments.The launch is dedicated to the 50th anniversary of the first flight into space in 1961 carried out by Gagarin.

LOS ANGELES, April 6 (Xinhua) -- Freeze-dried strawberries may play a role in the prevention of esophageal cancer, a new study suggests."Strawberries may be an alternative or work together with other chemopreventive drugs for the prevention of esophageal cancer," said lead researcher Tong Chen, M.D., Ph.D., assistant professor, division of medical oncology, department of internal medicine at the Ohio State University.Study findings were presented at the ongoing 102nd annual meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) in Orlando, Florida, according to the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) on Wednesday."We concluded from this study that six months of eating strawberries is safe and easy to consume. In addition, our preliminary data suggests that strawberries can decrease histological grade of precancerous lesions and reduce cancer- related molecular events," said Chen, who is also a member of the Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention Program in the Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center.The study involved a group of participants who consumed 60 grams of freeze-dried strawberries daily for six months and completed a dietary diary chronicling their strawberry consumption.The researchers obtained biopsy specimens before and after strawberry consumption. The results showed that 29 out of 36 participants experienced a decrease in histological grade of the precancerous lesions during the study.Using freeze-dried strawberries was important because by removing the water from the berries, they concentrated the preventive substances by nearly 10-fold, Chen said.Esophageal cancer is the third most common gastrointestinal cancer and the sixth most frequent cause of cancer death in the world, she noted.Chen and her team are studying esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) which makes up 95 percent of cases of esophageal cancer worldwide. China, where this study took place, has the highest incidence of esophageal SCC, according to the AAAS.In a previous study, Chen and colleagues found that freeze- dried strawberries significantly inhibited tumor development in the esophagus of rats. Based on these results, they embarked on a Phase Ib trial that included participants with esophageal precancerous lesions who were at high risk for esophageal cancer."Our study is important because it shows that strawberries may slow the progression of precancerous lesion in the esophagus," Chen said.But she said they need to test this in randomized placebo- controlled trials in the future.
LOS ANGELES, May 23 (Xinhua) -- NASA's Gravity Recovery And Interior Laboratory spacecraft (Grail) will begin final preparations for a launch on a Moon mission in late summer, the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) said on Monday.The dynamic duo will orbit the moon to determine the structure of the lunar interior from crust to core and to advance understanding of the thermal evolution of the moon, according to JPL in Pasadena, Los Angeles.After arriving at the Astrotech payload processing facility in Titusville, Florida last week, the Grail twins, known as Grail-A and Grail-B, were removed from their shipping containers Monday. Later this week, they will begin functional testing to verify their state of health, said JPL.The twins were shipped from Lockheed Martin Space Systems, Denver.Over the next four months at the Astrotech facility, the spacecraft will undergo final testing, fueling and packaging in the shroud that will protect them as the Delta II launch vehicle lifts them into space. The spacecraft will then be transported to the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station for installation atop the rocket that will carry them toward the moon, JPL said."We're only a few full moons away from a mission that will reveal clues not only into the history of the moon and Earth, but will provide important data for future lunar exploration," said Maria Zuber, Grail's principal investigator, based at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.Grail will be carried into space aboard a United Launch Alliance Delta II Heavy rocket lifting off from Launch Complex-19 at the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida. The launch period opens Sept. 8, 2011, and extends through Oct. 19. For a Sept. 8 liftoff, the launch window opens at 5:37 a.m. PDT (8:37 a.m. EDT) and remains open through 6:16 a.m. PDT (9:16 a.m. EDT).Grail-A and Grail-B will fly in tandem orbits around the moon for several months to measure its gravity field in unprecedented detail.The mission will also answer longstanding questions about Earth' s moon, and provide scientists a better understanding of how Earth and other rocky planets in the solar system formed, according to JPL, which manages the Grail mission.
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