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NEW YORK (AP) — U.S. health officials are taking a new tack in the coronavirus fight by emphasizing recent research that finds a mask protects the person who wears it. Previously, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention advised masks because of medical evidence that it stops people who are infected with coronavirus — whether they know it or not — from spreading it to others. But this week the CDC posted on its Web site a scientific brief discussing recent studies finding that a wearer gets some protection even if an infected person has no mask.The brief added that adopting a universal masking policy, "can help avert future lockdowns, especially if combined with other non-pharmaceutical interventions such as social distancing, hand hygiene, and adequate ventilation.""Experimental and epidemiological data support community masking to reduce the spread of SARS-CoV-2. The prevention benefit of masking is derived from the combination of source control and personal protection for the mask wearer. The relationship between source control and personal protection is likely complementary and possibly synergistic, so that individual benefit increases with increasing community mask use," the brief read. Researchers pointed to the coronavirus outbreak on the USS Theodore Roosevelt as an example of the effectiveness of mask-wearing, saying, "use of face coverings on-board was associated with a 70% reduced risk."The brief said more research is needed to identify combinations of materials used for face coverings to maximize blocking and filtering effectiveness, as well as durability and comfort. 1620

NEW ORLEANS, La. – A critically endangered gorilla that was born at a New Orleans zoo just six days ago has died.The Audubon Zoo says its animal care staff noticed Wednesday evening that the infant western lowland gorilla seemed lethargic and weak in the arms of its mother, 13-year-old Tumani. The young gorilla was transferred to the zoo’s animal hospital, but the veterinarian team could not revive it.The zoo says Tumani is currently being monitored by the veterinary team and the entire troop was given the opportunity to grieve the loss of the infant.The zoo says it took extra precautions leading up to the birth, working with Tumani on maternal training to prepare her to be comfortable with the possibility of staff assisting her with feeding or caring for the infant.“There are many risks involved with gorilla births and unfortunately, it is not unusual for a first-time gorilla mom to lose an offspring,” said Dr. MacLean, Audubon’s Senior Veterinarian, in a press release. “Our veterinary team worked with outside medical experts on site including Species Survival Plan Gorilla Birth Management Team, OB-Gyns, and neonatologist to help us prepare and manage this birth.”The mother and baby initially appeared to be doing very well, according to the zoo. Animal care staff were closely monitoring the infant’s health to ensure that mother and baby received the care needed. The infant reportedly appeared to be feeding and progressing well.The zoo says the cause of death is underdetermined at this time. Initially, officials say it appears that there was a lack of adequate lactation from Tumani to support the infant, but they plan to perform a necropsy to determine cause of death. Results will be available in a few weeks.“We are heartbroken over the loss,” said Ron Forman, Audubon Nature Institute President and CEO. “This has been a work in progress for many years, from the introduction of the new troop members to the announcement of the birth, everyone involved has worked tirelessly. I am incredibly proud of our team. We will continue to contribute to the conservation of this amazing species.”Many gorilla populations have declined or disappeared over the past few decades. Western lowland gorillas have been assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature as critically endangered, with a population decline of more than 80%, mainly due to illegal hunting, disease, habitat loss, and an increase in poaching. 2457

Nebraska just became the first state to execute an inmate using a powerful opioid called fentanyl. The synthetic painkiller has helped drive the national opioid crisis.The execution is attracting big attention, because executions across the country have been delayed as drug companies file lawsuits to stop states from using their drugs in executions.However, Nebraska found a way to get around the issue—by using fentanyl in a mixture."Drug companies don't want to be associated with state executions,” explains Adam Graves, a college professor and ethics expert. “They don't want their products to be used for death."More and more states might start using fentanyl in the deadly cocktail used to put inmates to death. And that means states that have had to put executions on hold, might be able to resume.So why fentanyl? The drug is easy to get."In this particular case, you have to ask yourself by using that, are we not also opening up scars and rubbing salt in the wounds of families who have lost members to the opioid crisis?" says Graves.Fentanyl is also a major part of the opioid epidemic, and has been linked to 30,000 overdose deaths last year, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 1226

New data on the number of children in America who have contracted the coronavirus shows kids now make up 11 percent of the total number of positive cases.According to the American Academy of Pediatrics, between October 8 and 22, more than 94,500 children tested positive for the coronavirus in states that report cases by age. This is a 14 percent increase over two weeks.The AAP says this brings the total number of children in American who have tested positive to more than 792,000, which is 11 percent of the more than 7.2 million people in this country who have tested positive since the pandemic began.In the previous period in late September, children cases made up 10.7 percent of total coronavirus cases in America.The states with a high percent increase in coronavirus cases among children are the same that are seeing spikes in total coronavirus cases; including Utah, North Dakota, South Dakota, Wyoming, New Hampshire, New Mexico and Wisconsin. The definition of “child” ranges from 0-14 years old in some states, to 0-20 years old in others, so the AAP’s data represents a range of ages.States are still reporting low to very low numbers of child hospitalizations and deaths from the coronavirus.In the 24 states reporting this information, between .6-and-6.9 percent of all positive coronavirus cases in children result in a hospitalization.Among the 42 states reporting deaths by age, between 0-and-.15 percent of all child coronavirus cases result in death.The AAP represents pediatric doctors around the country, and has been releasing regular updates on how many positive cases of coronavirus there are among children. 1644

NEW YORK (AP) — The Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum has acquired two emoji that have helped broaden diversity for users of the tiny pictures. It becomes the third museum to add emoji to their digital collections. The New York museum acquired the “person with headscarf” and “inter-skintone couple” emoji for its burgeoning collection of digital assets. The museum plans an exhibition explaining the significance of the two through interviews and images, but the pandemic has put an opening date in limbo, said Andrea Lipps, Cooper Hewitt’s associate curator of contemporary design.“The desire to acquire these particular emoji arose from what we were seeing as the desire for inclusion and representation of various groups and communities and couples on the emoji keyboard,” Lipps told The Associated Press in an interview ahead of the announcement.The emoji are commonly known as “woman in hijab” and “interracial couple.”The hijab emoji, as it’s informally known, was submitted in 2016 to the Unicode Consortium, a nonprofit that oversees emoji standards with voting members from the world’s top digital companies. A then 15-year-old Saudi Arabian girl, Rayouf Alhumedhi, attracted worldwide attention as she campaigned for its inclusion. She was selected as one of Time magazine’s most influential teens of 2017.The interracial couple emoji was submitted to Unicode in 2018 and arrived on devices last year, giving people their first chance to combine multiple skin tones in a single emoji. It builds on the advocacy work of Katrina Parrott, a Black, Houston-based entrepreneur inspired to create diverse skin tones in emoji after her daughter lamented she couldn’t properly represent herself on keyboards. 1726

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