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SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — As Pfizer’s COVID-19 vaccine begins circulating, there is another big logistical challenge ahead: reminding people to get the second dose.Both vaccines developed by Pfizer and Moderna require two doses spaced several weeks apart. People who get immunized often feel fatigue or soreness shortly after the shot and may experience fever, particularly after the second dose, according to clinical trial data.Doctors say those immediate, short-term side effects are a positive sign the immune system is revving up production.The side effects are similar to that of the shingles vaccine. But studies show about 20 percent of the people who get the shingles vaccine skip the second dose.Experts say if that happens with the COVID vaccines, there could be consequences.The worst-case-scenario is that skipping the second shot could allow the virus to spread and mutate, and potentially build resistance to the vaccines, according to Penn State University biologist David Kennedy.That outcome is considered unlikely, but the World Health Organization announced Monday it detected a new variation of the virus in England, showing the virus is already mutating without the evolution pressure of a mass vaccine program.“Does this make the virus more serious? Does it allow the virus to transmit more easily? Does it interfere with diagnostics? Would it interfere with vaccine effectiveness? These are questions. None of these questions have been addressed yet,” said Dr. Michael Ryan, director of the WHO Health Emergencies Program.When administered in two doses, Pfizer’s vaccine is 95 percent effective at preventing COVID-19 symptoms. The FDA’s review showed the vaccine could be up to 52 percent effective after a single dose, but the data was limited.“I think you could probably say you’re going to have short-lived but incomplete protection,” said vaccine expert Dr. Paul Offit. “Protection from disease but possibly not asymptomatic shedding.”It remains unclear whether people who are fully immunized against the virus can still spread it to others asymptomatically but someone who is only partially immunized may be especially prone to silent spread, according to Offit.When Americans roll up their sleeves to get the COVID-19 vaccine, they’ll get a 4 by 6 inch index card from the CDC noting which brand they got, the lot number, and when they’re due for the second shot.People who get Pfizer’s vaccine need to get a second shot 21 days later. People who get Moderna’s need to wait 28 days for round two.The CDC is encouraging people to photograph their card with their cell phone as a backup, because beyond the index card, the logistics of reminding people about their second dose will vary by state and healthcare provider.In California’s draft vaccination plan from October, the state said it was exploring ways to "systematically text, email, and/or auto-call individuals when their second dose is needed." The California Department of Public Health did not immediately respond to a request for comment about its latest plans.Much of the work may fall to the healthcare providers who administer the shots. Although the vaccine will be free for individuals, the government is paying providers for every first dose they give and for every second dose, a way to incentivize providers to keep close tabs on patients.However, only about 25 percent of the nation’s vaccination providers have systems that can send automated reminders, according to L.J Tan, the chief strategy officer of the Immunization Action Coalition. 3552

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — As we approach the November election, all eyes are on a handful of battleground states.That’s because of an election procedure that a lot of people have questions about and one that is unique to presidential politics: the Electoral College.When you fill out a ballot for president, you’re not actually voting for the candidate whose name you see. In California, you’re actually voting for 55 people who you may have never heard of, a “slate of electors,” who turn around and cast the real votes from the state Capitol in December. It dates back to 1787. The Founding Fathers were split on the mechanics of how to elect a president, and “this was the thing that they could all agree on,” said UC San Diego political science professor Daniel Butler.The Electoral College was a compromise between the framers who were leery of giving direct power to the masses and others who opposed having Congress elect the president.“It felt a lot like Parliament, a lot like what the British did, which is not what they were going to do,” Butler said.Article II of the Constitution lays out how it works. Each state gets a number of electors equal to the size of their congressional delegation; their senators and U.S. representatives. California has 55 electors, the most of any state.The Founders set up the Electoral College system under one big assumption: that it would be extremely rare for candidates to actually secure a majority, which today is 270 votes. If the contest ended without a majority winner, it would be decided by Congress.The last election decided by Congress was in 1824. The scenario the Founders predicted might happen once or twice a century has unfolded in every election since.“I think what frustrates many people about the Electoral College is that that majority winner in the popular vote isn’t always who captures the majority in the Electoral College,” said UC San Diego political science chair Thad Kousser.In 2016, then-candidate Donald Trump became just the fifth person in history to win the Electoral College and lose the popular vote, out of 58 presidential elections. It also happened in 2000 in the contest between George W. Bush and Al Gore.The Founders envisioned the Electoral College as a check on the popular vote, able to potentially choose a different candidate than the one favored by the masses, but in practice, electors almost never do that. Most states have laws requiring electors to follow the popular vote.It was big news in 2016 when 10 electors broke ranks in an effort to block candidate Trump, because in every state electors are party loyalists, hand-picked by top leaders. So-called faithless electors have never swung an election.Kousser says for all the recent controversy surrounding the electoral college, there are some major benefits. Because the system empowers states whose electorate is closely divided between the parties, Kousser said it helps mitigate the role of money in politics.“What the electoral college does is it focuses and narrows the playing field to these few battleground states,” he said. “That's where you've got to run ads. That's where you've got to run your campaigns, not in 50 states. If we had to run 50-state campaigns then it would cost billions of dollars to win elections and it would give a huge advantage to whichever side raised the most money.”The other benefit of focusing elections on key swing states is that it pushes the parties more towards the center, Kousser argues. Without the Electoral College, he says candidates would try to “run up the score” and collect as many votes as possible in more populous states like California and Texas that tend to be more politically polarized. 3703

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - Cockatiels rescued from unsanitary conditions in a Rancho Bernardo apartment are now available for adoption, the San Diego Humane society announced Tuesday. Humane Society Law Enforcement Officers seized more than 80 birds from one unit Jan. 23. They were flying freely through the home, creating an unhealthy situation, shelter officials said.Veterinarians cleared the birds for adoption. The cockatiels will need socialization and time to adjust to their new homes, according to the Humane Society. RELATED: More than 80 birds rescued from unsanitary conditions at Rancho Bernardo apartmentAnyone interested in adopting a cockatiel can contact the Humane Society between 11 a.m. to 4 p.m. this week. The birds are available on a first come, first served basis. For more information, visit the San Diego Humane Society. 847

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) -- At least one San Diego woman is a part of thousands who've volunteered to participate in a human challenge trial to find a vaccine for COVID-19. April Simpkins is a healthy 29-year-old. Simpkins said she felt helpless watching as the pandemic spread around the world, until she heard about 1 Day Sooner while listening to a podcast. 1 Day Sooner is an organization that advocates for volunteers willing to participate in a human challenge trial. The trial means being infected with COVID-19 in hopes of speeding up the process for a vaccine. The trial is restricted to young and healthy people. So far, there is no plan for any human challenge trials to fight COVID-19, but over 30,000 thousand people, from over 140 countries, have signed up to volunteer. The hope is to have the list of volunteers ready, if and when such a trial is approved. The trial would still require approval from a type of medical ethics board and from the Food and Drug Administration. To find out more about 1 Day Sooner click here. 1038

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) -- Capt. Andy Williams, Commander of the California Highway Patrol Oceanside Station, is under investigation after his arrest for suspicion of domestic violence.ABC 10News obtained the request for a restraining order against Williams, filed by his ex-wife. In the court documents, she details an argument the two got into at his home in Carlsbad Oct. 19. She claims he struck her near her buttocks with enough force to leave a hand mark and welts.Carlsbad police confirmed to ABC 10News that they arrested Williams. A spokesperson for the District Attorney tells ABC 10News they are investigating the case to decide whether to file charges.Williams is out on bail. CHP has placed him on administrative leave and removed his powers as a peace officer.CHP Border Commander Chief Omar Watson sent ABC 10News a statement:"The CHP is aware of the arrest of Capt. Andy Williams by the Carlsbad Police Department for alleged behavior that occurred while the employee was off duty. The CHP continues to fully cooperate with the investigating agency and we are conducting our own investigation into the allegations. I want to assure the public that we take any allegation of misconduct by our employees, whether on or off duty, very seriously.I also want to emphasize to the public that the alleged conduct of this employee does not reflect the values, hard work, dedication and professionalism of the CHP and its more than 11,000 employees, who proudly work each day to provide the best in Safety, Service, and Security to the people of California." 1566