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Scientists are exploring mysterious “blue holes” that form at the bottom of the ocean off Florida’s Gulf Coast.The blue holes are underwater sinkholes that vary in size, similar to sinkholes you can see on land, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. They are diverse biological communities full of marine life, like corals, sponges, mollusks, sea turtles, sharks, and more.“Underwater sink holes, springs, and caverns are karst (calcium carbonate rock) features that are scattered across Florida’s Gulf continental shelf,” said NOAA.NOAA says little is known about blue holes due to their lack of accessibility and unknown distribution and abundance. Openings can be several hundred feet underwater and many openings are pretty small.“In fact, the first reports of blue holes did not come from scientists or researchers, but actually came from fishermen and recreational divers,” wrote NOAA.Last year, a team of scientists explored one blue hole, called “Amberjack Hole,” about 30 miles off Sarasota’s shoreline. NOAA says the exploration of the hole was the team’s most detailed blue hole investigation to date. Divers and a “benthic lander” were deployed to the bottom, 350 feet down.NOAA says the team collected 17 water samples from just outside the hole down to the bottom and collected four sediment cores at the bottom. They also discovered two dead but intact smalltooth sawfish, an endangered species, at the bottom of the hole. One of the animals was recovered to undergo a necropsy.But next month, crews plan to explore an even bigger hole, called “Green Banana.”The rim of the “Green Banana” is 155 feet below the sea surface and the bottom is at a depth of approximately 425 feet, according to NOAA.“The configuration of the hole is somewhat hourglass shaped, creating new challenges for the lander deployment and water sampling,” said NOAA.From these missions, scientists are hoping to learn the following:Whether the submersed sinkholes are connected to Florida’s groundwater or if there is groundwater intrusion into the Gulf of MexicoIf a particular blue hole is secreting nutrients and thus affecting an area’s primary productionWhether microenvironments harbor unique or new species of microbesIf the Amberjack site should become a protected area 2301

SCRIPPS RANCH (KGTV): At the top of a trail along Semillon Boulevard and Pomerado Road, right next to a sign that reads, "No Dumping - 00 fine," sits a giant pile of wood chips.It's been there for years, growing and shrinking in size. But right now, people who live nearby say it's as big as they can remember."Yeah, it is a little larger than normal," says Douglas Burns, who lives in a home next to the pile.The wood chips are from trees cut down by maintenance workers in the area. The work is part of the Scripps Ranch Civic Association's maintenance contract with the city. The workers take the leaves to the dump but leave the wood chips behind.Bob Ilko, the President of the SRCA, says it saves money on beautification projects. He says the city doesn't have to pay to haul the wood chips and tree pieces away or buy fresh mulch when they need it for landscaping.The wood chips are used to help with weed control and ground cover across Scripps Ranch."It's natural here, it's generated here, it stays here," says Ilko, adding that there's also an environmental benefit since it keeps all the wood chips out of city landfills.Ilko says the pile is larger than usual right now, but that's because crews have been hard at work clearing away dead and dying trees from the area.And while the wood chips are on city-owned land, that does not mean they're available to the general public."It's city property," says Ilko. "If people take them, it defeats the purpose of keeping the wood chips here to save money."He also says contractors are not allowed to use the area to dump their wood chips.When asked if the pile presents a fire hazard, Ilko told 10News the Fire Department has been out to inspect the area, and they say there is no danger of any spontaneous combustion."It's not mulch, it doesn't heat up and break down like manure or mulch," says Ilko. 1889

SAN MARCOS, Calif. (KGTV) -- San Marcos Unified School District teachers and parents flooded the school board meeting Tuesday night asking for the board to come to a contract agreement with their union. The meeting was standing room only. Union officials say they've been without a contract since last June and that they've tried to negotiate with the district. They're fighting for higher pay and smaller class sizes and getting all of these things in writing. There was no item on the agenda at Tuesday's meeting but the superintendent did address the teachers and parents directly during a presentation. Dr. Garcia told the crowd she hears them and appreciates them being present at the meeting but told them the issue with the union's request is a lack of adequate funding at the state level. The union and the district will be back at the bargaining table Tuesday, April 23rd. 890

SAN YSIDRO, Calif. (KGTV) - Customs and Border Protection officials tweeted thermal camera video Friday of men climbing the U.S.-Mexico border fence and damaging the concertina wire.The video was recorded by U.S. Border Patrol cameras placed near Border Field State Park in Imperial Beach, opposite from where migrants have been gathering as more members of the Central American caravan arrive in Tijuana.There was no word on whether the incident captured on video led to an arrest.“All seeking to enter the U.S. are urged to do so at one of more than 320 official U.S. Ports of Entry,” Customs and Border Protection officials wrote in the tweet.  665

Searching for the cheapest airfare may be the most popular way of deciding on a flight, but secret extras baked right into the ticket may bring extra value to your booking, no matter how much you paid.Follow these three lessons to ensure that you're maximizing the value of a travel?booking for more than just the flight alone. 340

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