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PANAMA CITY, April 17 (Xinhua) -- In Latin America there are 600,000 people infected with the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) and about 50 percent of them receive treatment, regional director of UNAIDS for Latin America Cesar Nunez said on Sunday."We have to work a lot for the other half get treatment," Nunez told Xinhua during the 124th Assembly of the Inter-parliamentarian Assembly hosted in Panama City from April 15 to 20.Nunez urged the governments of the region to redouble efforts to control this pandemic, by improving the prevention campaigns to stop new infections."The availability of the medicines has grown in the last 10 years and the countries have taken this commitment, however, the number of infections each time is bigger than the number of people we can treat," he said.According to Nunez, despite the increase of new infections among women, the men sector continue being one of the most affected social groups by this virus."In Latin America we have an epidemic where the most affected are men, followed by homosexuals, lesbians and sex workers," he said.Nunez said that during the meeting with the parliamentarians, they exchanged experiences to contribute to improve the management of this disease."We have met with parliamentarians who have voted for more budget to buy more medicines, in favor of laws for more education about this topic and participation in the exchange of information to know about the advances and backwards of the fight against Aids," he said.Some 800 parliamentarians from 125 countries attended the 124th Assembly to debate the recent events in the Arab world, the disaster in Japan and sustainable development.

LOS ANGELES, April 18 (Xinhua) -- Sugarcane has the effect of cooling temperatures, thus playing role in stemming global warming, a new study has found.Sugarcane does so by reflecting sunlight back into space and by lowering the temperature of the surrounding air as the plants " exhale" cooler water, according to the study conducted by researchers at the Carnegie Institution's Department of Global Ecology.The researchers used data from hundreds of satellite images over 733,000 square miles (about 1,173 square kilometers) in Brazil, where sugarcane is widely grown. They measured temperature, reflectivity (also called albedo), and evapotranspiration -- the water loss from the soil and from plants as they exhale water vapor.The findings showed that expansion of sugarcane in areas previously occupied by other Brazilian crops cools the local climate.Converting from natural vegetation to crop/pasture on average warmed the cerrado by 2.79 Fahrenheit (1.55 Centigrade, but that subsequent conversion to sugarcane, on average, cooled the surrounding air by 1.67 Fahrenheit (0.93 Centigrade), the researchers said in the study published in the April issue of Nature Climate Change."We found that shifting from natural vegetation to crops or pasture results in local warming because the plants give off less beneficial water. But the bamboo-like sugarcane is more reflective and gives off more water -- much like the natural vegetation," said lead researcher Scott Loarie. "It's a potential win-win for the climate -- using sugarcane to power vehicles reduces carbon emissions, while growing it lowers the local air temperature."Brazilians are world leaders in using biofuels for gasoline. About a quarter of their automobile fuel consumption comes from sugarcane, which significantly reduces carbon dioxide emissions that otherwise would be emitted from using gasoline.The researchers emphasized that the beneficial effects are contingent on the fact sugarcane is grown on areas previously occupied by crops or pastureland, and not in areas converted from natural vegetation. It is also important that other crops and pastureland do not move to natural vegetation areas, which would contribute to deforestation.So far most of the thinking about ecosystem effects on climate considers only impacts from greenhouse gas emissions. But according to co-researcher Greg Asner, "It's becoming increasingly clear that direct climate effects on local climate from land-use decisions constitute significant impacts that need to be considered core elements of human-caused climate change."

BEIJING, Feb. 10 (Xinhua) -- Chinese researchers have made significant progress in developing key technologies for natural disaster early warning systems and emergency relief, according to the Ministry of Science and Technology (MST).The four-year project, "Research on Key Technologies for Geological Disasters Monitoring, Early Warning and Emergency Relief," was initiated in 2006 with support from China's top-level government scientific research funding program.Scientists involved in the project had made remarkable technological progress in four fields, namely natural disaster recognition in earlier stage, monitoring and early warning, risks assessment and emergency relief, the MST said in a statement on its website.As part of the project, rain-triggered landslide monitoring and early warning systems have been established around Mount Ailao in southwest China's Yunnan Province and in the southeastern area of east China's Fujian Province.A natural disasters monitoring system has been developed by Chinese scientific workers using optical fiber technologies. This system with Chinese intellectual property has been put into use in areas, including the the reservoir region of the Three Gorges Project on the middle reaches of the Yangtze River.According to the MST, the research project also provided substantial technological support in assessment of disasters and relevant relief during China's responses to the Wenchuan earthquake in May 2008 and the massive mudslide in Zhouqu of Gansu last August.

SAN FRANCISCO, April 27 (Xinhua) -- Apple Inc. on Wednesday denied the alleged location-tracking practice of its mobile operating system, saying it will release software updates to make iPhone store less location information to quell public concerns over privacy.CLARIFICATION"Apple is not tracking the location of your iPhone. Apple has never done so and has no plans to ever do so," the company said in a statement."Users are confused, partly because the creators of this new technology (including Apple) have not provided enough education about these issues to date."According to the statement, the location data researchers saw on iPhone is a database of Wi-Fi hotspots and cell towers around users' current location that Apple is maintaining to help iPhone rapidly and accurately calculate its location when requested. It noted Apple cannot locate iPhone users based on Wi-Fi hotspot and cell tower data as the information is in an anonymous and encrypted form.Apple admitted that part of the location data (Wi-Fi hotspots and cell towers) is backed up on iTunes, which means it could be possible that people with access to iPhone users'computer may get their location information. It said a software update has been planned to cease the backing-up.It is also planning to provide an update to limit the data storage on iPhone, in response to questions that the device has been storing location data since the release of iOS 4 operating system last June.Apple said it is a bug that iPhone keeps storing location data even if its location services are disabled, noting it will fix this through a software update in the coming weeks.The company also reiterated its focus on personal information security and privacy."Pretty much what I expected at this stage. The response is measured and the update should fix the problem," Alasdair Allan, one of the two British researchers who first announced the discovery of stored location data on iPhone, said on his Twitter account.ALLEGATIONThe statement on Wednesday is Apple's first official response to the location-tracking allegations.Worries on the iPhone tracking issue first surfaced last Wednesday when two British researchers announced at a technology conference in California that iPhone has been collecting users' location information and storing the data since June 21, 2010.Last Friday, The Wall Street Journal reported its security analysts had found that Apple's iPhone and smartphones running Google's Android operating system regularly transmit users' locations back to the two companies respectively, which is part of their race to build databases capable of pinpointing people's locations via smartphones.The newspaper then reported on Sunday that its analysts had also found iPhone is collecting and storing user's location data even when location services are turned off.PRESSUREThe Cupertino, California-based company has been facing mounting pressure from lawmakers, customers as well as media reports following the revelations.The U.S. House Energy and Commerce Committee on Monday sent letters to six developers of mobile device operating systems, including Apple and Google, demanding Apple's explanation on implications of alleged tracking for individual privacy and federal communications policy.Also on Monday, Minnesota Senator Al Franken, chairman of the U. S. Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on Privacy, Technology and the Law, announced he had scheduled a mobile privacy hearing on May 10 and asked representatives from Apple and Google to speak at the hearing.Meanwhile, Lisa Madigan, Attorney General of U.S. state of Illinois, on Monday called for a meeting with Apple and Google executives on the location-tracking reports, citing her ongoing effort to protect consumers' personal information online.Last Friday, two iPhone users filed a class action suit against Apple in Tempa, Florida, accusing the company of invasion of privacy and computer fraud and seeking a judge's order to bar the alleged data collection.Last Thursday, U.S. congressman Edward Markey asked Apple CEO Steve Jobs to make a response within 15 business days or no later than May 12, saying "Apple needs to safeguard personal location information of its users to ensure that an iPhone doesn't become an iTrack."On Saturday, Markey called for a congressional investigation into the privacy practices of Apple and Google. In a statement, he made clear that he thinks the data collection is potentially dangerous, saying predators could have hacked into an iPhone or Android phone to find out children's location information.Apple is also reportedly being investigated in South Korea, France, Germany and Italy over the alleged tracking practice.

LOS ANGELES, May 6 (Xinhua) -- Limiting prolonged bottle use in children may be an effective way to help prevent obesity, a new study suggests.For the study, researchers from the Center for Obesity Research and Education at Temple University (CORETU) and the Ohio State University College of Public Health analyzed data from 6,750 children to estimate the association between bottle use at 24 months of age and the risk of obesity at 5.5 years of age, according to the Science Daily on Friday.Of the children studied, 22 percent were prolonged bottle users, meaning that at two years of age they used a bottle as their primary drink container and/or were put to bed with a calorie- containing bottle.The findings showed that nearly 23 percent of the prolonged bottle users were obese by the time they were 5.5 years old."Children who were still using a bottle at 24 months were approximately 30 percent more likely to be obese at 5.5 years, even after accounting for other factors such as the mother's weight, the child's birth weight, and feeding practices during infancy," said Dr. Robert Whitaker at CORETU, lead author of the study.Drinking from a bottle beyond infancy may contribute to obesity by encouraging the child to consume too many calories, the researchers noted."A 24-month-old girl of average weight and height who is put to bed with an eight-ounce bottle of whole milk would receive approximately 12 percent of her daily caloric needs from that bottle," explained co-author Rachel Gooze.Gooze noted that weaning children from the bottle by the time they are one year of age is unlikely to cause harm and may prevent obesity. The authors suggested that pediatricians and other health professionals work with parents to find acceptable solutions for stopping bottle use at the child's first birthday.The findings adds new evidence to the theory that obesity prevention should begin before children enter school, the researchers said.

来源：资阳报