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Could the no-calorie sweetener you rely on to replace sugar in your diet actually cause weight gain instead of the weight loss you were expecting?The answer may be yes, according to a new study."Artificial sweeteners are not risk-free," said Brian Hoffmann, assistant professor in the Department of Biomedical Engineering at the Medical College of Wisconsin and Marquette University, and a lead author of the study. "They are a very controversial topic when it comes to health and nutrition ... but they're so prevalent in society that I think we owe it to ourselves to try and figure out what's actually going on."Hoffmann presented his new research Sunday at the annual?Experimental Biology meeting in San Diego. Relying on rats and human cell cultures, his team identified a number of pathways linking artificial sweeteners with metabolic changes at the genetic level that could lead to diabetes and obesity. Specifically, the researchers found that three weeks of exposure to aspartame and acesulfame potassium -- two artificial sweeteners frequently combined in products such as Equal -- altered the expression of certain genes responsible for lipid metabolism in the cells of both rats and humans."Aspartame had some significant changes, and one of those was an increase in lipids in the bloodstream and a decrease in a biomolecule that is involved in clearing (lipids) from the bloodstream. And we saw the exact same thing with the acesulfame potassium," Hoffmann said."We then took those particular sweeteners and put them on endothelial cells -- the cells that line the blood vessels and would be exposed to them in the body -- and we detected a marked dysfunction, suggesting why sweeteners and diet soda have been linked to potential cardiovascular problems," he added.What was perhaps most surprising, according to Hoffmann, was that these metabolic changes did not occur in the presence of natural sugars such as glucose and fructose. This suggests that artificial sweeteners could contribute to metabolic disorders such as diabetes and obesity by an entirely different mechanism than natural sugars, he said.Artificial sweeteners appear to contribute to metabolic disorders by altering the activity of certain genes responsible for the breakdown of macromolecules such as fats and proteins, Hoffmann said. This is different from normal sugars, which contribute to cardiovascular disease through insulin resistance and by damaging the cells lining the body's blood vessels."People are generally consuming non-nutritive sweeteners believing they are a 'healthy choice,' but this may not be true," said research scientist Meghan Azad of the University of Manitoba in Winnipeg, who was not involved in the new study."This is especially important given the widespread and increasing consumption of artificial sweeteners in the general population and the increasing use of artificial sweeteners in our food supply," said Azad, who has authored a paper that reviewed a number of studies on the potential downside of artificial sweeteners on weight and health.According to Azad, over 40% of adult Americans consume no-cal sweeteners on a daily basis, and studies that measure the sweeteners in blood and urine show that many people who report not using artificial sweeteners are unknowingly consuming them.It's the latest assault in the ongoing debate over artificial sweeteners and their impact on health -- a debate that began when one of our most popular foods, sugar, turned sour in terms of health. 3527

Congress is currently honoring one of its own — longtime Georgia representative and Civil Rights leader John Lewis.Lewis' body was flown from Alabama to Washington, D.C. on Monday, and is currently lying in state in the U.S. Capitol Rotunda.Members of the House of Representatives and Senate will have a chance to pay their respects before a public viewing takes place this evening. Among those who paid tribute to Lewis with speeches were Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, R-Kentucky and House Speaker Nancy Pelosi, D-California. CNN reports that the public viewing will take place outdoors due to the coronavirus pandemic.On Sunday, Lewis' body made a final trip over the Edmund Pettus Bridge in Selma, Alabama, where half a century ago, he led several marches for voting rights. The first of those marches became known as "Bloody Sunday," as Lewis and other civil rights activists were met with force from state and local police as they crossed the bridge. The marches sparked a national conversation about voting rights for Black people, and the Voting Rights Act of 1965 was passed a few months later.Following events in Washington, Lewis' body will return to Georgia — the state he represented in Congress for more than 30 years. Lewis' funeral will take place on Thursday at the historic Ebenezer Baptist Church in Atlanta — the same church that was formerly led by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.A public viewing at the Capitol building is one of the highest honors a Representative, a Senator or elected official can receive upon their death. Rep. Elijah Cummings, a fellow Civil Rights leader, and Congressman leader, was the last person to receive the honor upon his death in 2019. President George H.W. Bush and Sen. John McCain have also had public memorials at the Capitol in recent years.Lewis died on July 17 after a six-month battle with cancer. 1872

CLAREMORE, Okla. -- Sequoyah High School students were not afraid to speak out after they said school officials told them they had to remove American flags mounted on their vehicles.On Thursday, a student showed up to the school, located about 40 minutes northwest of Tulsa, with a flag mounted on his car. “As soon as we got out of our cars in the parking lot they were already on us trying to get them down," student Kennith Hoover said. “The American flag symbolizes no racism and it's just strictly for America's freedom," student Jake Storts said. It's a symbol of patriotism, freedom and history. “I think it’s a fight that they picked that they will never win," local business owner Larry Banzet said. “The flag was in great shape, it was mounted properly," Hoover said. "It looked perfect. There was no kind of disrespect about it and they told him to take it down.” Friday, a group of students decided to stand with their friend. “You can’t tell a kid to take the flag down," Hoover said. "We disagree with that so that’s how it started.” “We’re not allowed to fly them because he can’t allow the Islamic or the KKK flag then he can’t allow the American flag," Storts said. Hoover says the school's reasoning change more than once. “Yesterday they said it was a distraction to drivers and students," he said. "Today they were telling me 'you have it mounted wrong' and then they told me it was illegal to fly it the way I was behind my car.” The school district released the following statement to Scripps station KJRH in Tulsa:"Sequoyah Public School is a patriotic school and surrounding community. Our campus has two sets of American and Oklahoma Flags, with one set including our Eagle mascot flag. Flags are displayed in our classrooms and our students recite the Pledge of Allegiance in their daily routine. We want our students to understand the importance of being patriotic, within the guidelines, and to be very understanding of the Flag Code and flag etiquette. Today was a win/win opportunity to work with students to come up with an appropriate solution for displaying the American Flag, Oklahoma Flag and the Eagle mascot flag on their vehicles while on campus."  2299

COPENHAGEN, Denmark (AP) — Authorities say the number of passengers on a Norwegian cruise ship who have tested positive for the coronavirus has reached 43.The outbreak on the MS Roald Amundsen has raised new questions about safety on cruise ships during the pandemic even as the industry is pressing to resume sailings after shutting down in March.The ship’s owner, Hurtigruten, has halted all trips and Norway closed its ports to cruise ships for two weeks.Since the cruise line often acts like a local ferry, traveling from port to port along Norway’s west coast, some passengers may have spread the virus to local communities. 637

CRESSON, Texas -- One worker is unaccounted for and two others have been injured after an explosion at a chemical plant in Texas, according to ABC News.Investigators said Thursday that they believe the explosion was caused by a worker dragging his foot along the factory floor.A total of nine emergency-rescue and fire departments responded to the massive fire at Tri-Chem Industries plant, which is located about 50 miles southwest of Dallas.Crews were eventually evacuated from the vicinity due to the risk of another explosion and possible exposure to dangerous chemicals. 583