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WASHINGTON, D.C. – One of the most contentious battles in politics isn’t just the current battle for the White House, it’s also the upcoming battle over who could ultimately end up in the halls of Congress and state capitols everywhere, in a process called redistricting.“The basic idea underlying that system is that we should form a constituency with people who live near us,” said Charles Blahous, a senior research strategist at the Mercatus Center at George Mason University in Virginia.New district maps are created based on census population numbers every 10 years. Yet, those maps can end up getting distorted to favor one political party over another when gerrymandering comes in to play.“I think gerrymandering is of concern to most voters because it seems to violate the foundational principle of our representative system, which is that we are divided into districts geographically,” Blahous said.Geography is something gerrymandering throws out the window. Some of the unusual congressional district maps can end up looking like animals.There is Maryland’s Democratic 3rd district, which looks like a snake, stretching from Baltimore into counties south. There is also northern Ohio’s Republican 4th district, known as “the duck.”So, who designed these?“The Constitution gives the power to state legislatures to draw these maps,” Blahous said.Since politicians draw the maps, they can be skewed to favor a particular party or incumbent. However, they can also be used to favor people from a particular racial or ethnic group, who have often been under-represented in the halls of power, in order to comply with federal Voting Rights Act rules on representation.Still, there are now efforts to take the map drawing out of the hands of politicians.In Virginia, voters will decide this November whether an independent commission should be in charge of the process instead. There are other ideas emerging, too: like using artificial intelligence to make the maps.“It takes an enormous computer capacity, which was not there 30 years ago, and writing the programming to make that all happen is also not a trivial matter,” said political science professor Bruce Cain, director of the Bill Lane Center for the American West at Stanford University.Prof. Cain said he and a colleague, Prof. Wendy Tam Cho of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, believe an algorithm they’ve developed might be the best alternative for making fairer maps.“What you want to be able to do is take every plan and classify it and say, ‘yeah, this one's better for minorities, this one's better for compactness,’ but is there something that combines both of them?” he said.It is all part of the ongoing effort to make sure America’s representative democracy remains truly representative of the people. 2801

WASHINGTON (AP) — The Republican National Committee is sharply restricting attendance on three of the four nights of its convention in Jacksonville, Florida, next month as coronavirus cases are spiking in the state.RNC chair Ronna McDaniel says only the roughly 2,500 regular delegates to the convention will be permitted to attend the opening three nights.Delegates, their guests and alternate delegates will be permitted to attend the final night, Aug. 27, when President Donald Trump is set to deliver his acceptance speech.The Washington Post obtained a letter sent to delegates about scaling back the convention. In the letter, McDaniel reportedly says attendees will be offered coronavirus testing, temperature checks and PPE, and aggressive sanitizing protocols will be in effect.McDaniel says the party hoped to be able to plan a traditional convention, but adjustments have to be made to comply with state and local health guidelines.The GOP moved the convention from Charlotte, after officials in the North Carolina city ruled out a full-capacity crowd because of the pandemic. 1095

WASHINGTON, D.C. – As restrictions are eased around the country, several states are seeing higher rates of coronavirus infections.Data tracked by The Washington Post shows that since the beginning of June, 14 states and Puerto Rico have recorded their highest seven-day average of new COVID-19 cases since the pandemic began.Those states include Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Florida, Kentucky, New Mexico, North Carolina, Mississippi, Oregon, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas and Utah, according to The Post.CNN reports that the number of states seeing upward trends in coronavirus cases is even higher, at 22.With many of these states, like Florida and Mississippi, now under only minor-to-moderate restrictions, health experts worry the spread of the virus could snowball in these areas and possibly overwhelm hospitals.The first wave of the pandemic moved through major metropolitan areas, like New York City and Los Angeles, but those cities are now moving towards reopening. Now, The Post reports that the highest percentages of new cases are coming from places with much smaller populations.As of Tuesday, more than 111,000 people have died from COVID-19 in the U.S. and over 1.96 million cases have been confirmed in the country, according to a running tally by Johns Hopkins University.There is some good news though. Researchers at Berkley University found that travel restrictions, business and school closures, shelter-in-place orders and other non-pharmaceutical interventions averted roughly 530 million COVID-19 infections across the six countries in the study period ending April 6.Of those infections, 62 million would likely have been “confirmed cases,” given limited testing in each country, researchers said. 1745

WASHINGTON (AP) — The Department of Homeland Security has asked the military to provide more help securing the U.S.-Mexico border, two defense officials said Friday amid a political standoff over President Donald Trump's demand for more money to build a border wall.The acting secretary of defense, Pat Shanahan, has not decided how to respond to the DHS request, but in the past the Pentagon has provided help when asked. At one point last fall there were nearly 5,900 active-duty troops along the border in Texas, Arizona and California to assist border patrol agents and to erect wire barriers. That number now is about 2,350.The defense officials said DHS asked for certain military capabilities, not any number of troops. It will be up to Shanahan to decide whether more active-duty troops are dispatched. The officials spoke on condition of anonymity because the request for assistance has not yet been fully processed.One of the officials said DHS wants the military to put up concertina wire as barriers along 160 miles of border. That would be in addition to 70 miles of concertina wire that combat engineers put up last fall. If the new work is taken on by the military, it might require an extension of the current deployment beyond its scheduled end Jan. 31. The official said DHS did not specifically ask for an extension, but it has not been ruled out.The troops have been erecting and reinforcing border barriers but are not performing law enforcement tasks or engaging with migrants. Some also have been providing transportation and logistical help as well as medical assistance to troops and to Customs and Border Protection personnel along the border.Many in Congress, including leading Democrats, have criticized the troop deployments as a waste of money and a misuse of military resources.Separately, there are about 2,200 National Guard troops deployed along the border. It is possible that some of those, or additional deployments of National Guard personnel, could be used to perform some of the work requested by DHS. 2049

WASHINGTON (AP) — Washington’s National Zoo says panda matriarch Mei Xiang has given birth and is caring for her newborn attentively.The National Zoo said the birth happened at 6:35 p.m. ET on Friday.Watch the zoo’s panda-cam. Mei Xiang has had three previous cubs. All were eventually transported to China under an agreement with the Chinese government. Mei Xiang has been spending most of her time in a small den indoors, where she has created a nest out of branches. In an Instagram post Friday afternoon, the zoo says, "Mei Xiang has become increasingly restless and started body licking — both signs that labor has probably started!”Mei, at 22, would be the oldest giant panda to successfully give birth in the United States. The oldest in the world gave birth in China at age 23. 793