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As we're all focused on the current rollout of the COVID-19 vaccine, a technology known as thin-film freezing is getting a lot of attention. It's groundbreaking and could change the way we administer drugs or use medicine in general.You've probably heard about the need to keep the COVID-19 vaccine cold. It has to be so cold, in fact, that the shipment and transport are challenging. Well, what if that vaccine could be turned into powder?“What we’ve most recently been working on is the elimination of cold chain by storing as a powder, a dry powder where the drug is much more stable than if it was stored as a liquid or as a frozen liquid,” said co-inventor Dr. Robert Williams.Williams said it would eliminate the need for extreme cold storage and transport. The technology isn't new. He got a research grant and came up with it about 15 years ago.Williams, who is also a pharmacy professor at the University of Texas in Austin, said they were working on the technology and its multiple uses when the pandemic hit. And all of a sudden, they got a lot of attention.“We have published over 70 papers on the technology and using it for different products- it’s quite a mature process," Williams said. "We developed it because with other vaccines, the majority of the vaccine cost is in wastage because of this cold chain issue, so we published several key papers where we showed our thin-film freezing technology would protect vaccines - and you wouldn’t need cold chain storage.”Glenn Mattes, President, and CEO of TFF Pharmaceuticals added that the powders can be converted to topical preparations and they are currently working with the US Army to take some of the preparations and would then administer them directly through the eye.TFF is launching thin-film freezing into development through the FDA process. “I use the term ubiquitous because it is and disruptive because it is,” Mattes said. He added that they've explored their technology in the cannabinoid realm. But, as for the COVID vaccine, they're aiming for a second-generation usage.“To truly eradicate the pandemic, you have to have a global response," Mattes said. "The companies we’ve been speaking to certainly recognize the broad utilization of the technology but the application to the developing world, rural area, remote areas, where you can take a powder and inhale it or take the powder and reconstitute it has tremendous potential."Experts say it is only just the beginning as they launch their technology into a new world. 2511

As many public health experts have expressed concern over President Donald Trump's re-election rallies amid the coronavirus pandemic, a study conducted by Stanford University examined the number of illnesses stemming from the rallies.According to the study published last week, the rallies likely caused 30,000 other coronavirus-related infections, resulting in 700 deaths. The study's authors noted that these cases were not specifically from rally attendees, which means that attendees could have spread the virus to others.The study did not use contact tracing; instead, they relied on a statistical model that analyzes the virus's spread in communities Trump held rallies.Specifically, researchers examined 18 rallies Trump held from June 20 to Sept. 22, noting that coronavirus cases in the area near the rallies increased by more than 250 per 100,000 residents."Our analysis strongly supports the warnings and recommendations of public health officials concerning the risk of COVID-19 transmission at large group gatherings, particularly when the degree of compliance with guidelines concerning the use of masks and social distancing is low," the study's authors said. "The communities in which Trump rallies took place paid a high price in terms of disease and death."Trump's rallies have generally included thousands of supporters standing shoulder to shoulder. While masks are often handed to supporters, most supporters at rallies opt not to wear them.Public health experts say that a combination of masks and keeping six feet of distance helps minimize the virus's spread, which has claimed more than 230,000 American lives since the spring.Public health experts have also encouraged people to hold gatherings outside, as most Trump rallies since he resumed campaigning in June have been held outdoors with a few exceptions.Trump has often mocked his opponent Joe Biden, who has held much smaller events to spread out the crowd. Biden has held several "drive-in" style events.Dr. Anthony Fauci, whose recent disagreements with Trump have boiled over on the campaign trail, said in an interview with CNN, he was troubled by Trump's rallies."We know that is asking for trouble when you do that," Fauci told. "We've seen that when you have situations of congregate settings where there are a lot of people without masks, the data speak for themselves."To read the full study, click here. 2403

At first, Kelly Fyffe-Marshall's stay in Rialto, California, was ending pretty normally. She and her four friends -- three of them black women -- checked out of their Airbnb rental and dragged their luggage to their vehicle.Then things got weird.Seven police cars showed up. The neighborhood was seemingly locked down. 326

At Monday’s NASCAR event at Talladega Superspeedway, drivers and crew members stood in solidarity with Bubba Wallace, a Black NASCAR driver who said he found a noose in his stall on Sunday.The drivers pushed Wallace’s car to the front of the field moments before the race got underway. 293

As Thanksgiving nears, 74 more cases of salmonella, including 1 death, have been linked to raw turkey products, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.The CDC announced the outbreak in July, but more people have gotten sick, bringing the total to 164 in 35 states. One person in California has died, and 63 people have been hospitalized.The outbreak started in November 2017. It's unclear where the turkey at the center of this outbreak came from, as there doesn't appear to be one centralized distributor, the agency said. This could mean that "it might be widespread in the turkey industry."Lab tests show that the salmonella came from a variety of products, including ground turkey and turkey patties. Tests showed that it's also been in live turkeys and pet food. 796

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