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Next week, the U.S. House and Senate will take up police reform bills.The House will address qualified immunity on a national level. It's a doctrine implemented by the U.S. Supreme Court that makes it difficult to sue police, even if one's constitutional rights are violated.The doctrine protects officers who can defend their actions because they didn't know their conduct was unconstitutional. That's because it wasn't “clearly established” in a prior court ruling.In practice, courts have dismissed civil rights lawsuits because there wasn't a previous case in the same location with the same circumstances. So, there's also no precedent for future cases. That's why the doctrine is criticized as a "catch 22."“That kind of ‘does this officer get the benefit of the doubt?’ type of inquiry gives judges just lots of room based on their interpretation, their view of whether this seems like a bad case or not, and it means that the judge is taking cases away from the jury based on their own views of the facts,” said Brandon Garrett, professor of law at Duke University.“The way to truly understand it is to look at in the context, as a lot of people are suddenly looking at it when police uses force, and particularly when it's deadly force,” said Aderson Francois, professor of law at Georgetown UniversityThe officers involved in a wrongful death lawsuit in Washington D.C. are expected to claim qualified immunity. In 2018, Marqueese Alston was shot and killed by police while running away. The court will only look at it from the perspective of police and if they reasonably feared for their lives.“What the court will not do is to ask did my client, a 22-year-old black man in DC have a reasonable fear for the police that caused him to run away in the first place,” said Francois.It's important to point out that officers do not personally foot the bill in these cases.“It's about the municipality, the county, the city,” said Garrett. “They're the ones who are paying. They're the ones who should be held accountable. After all, if this officer was poorly trained or didn't have the right support from colleagues, it's not the officer's fault necessarily.”Qualified immunity makes it so the constitutional issue is never addressed. Even if the doctrine disappears, it's still difficult to win a constitutional claim. 2335

NORTH CAROLINA: Do NOT do what the President directs. To make sure your ballot COUNTS, sign and send it in EARLY. Then track it ONLINE with BALLOTTRAX. Do NOT vote twice (it’s a felony), or waste your time, or unnecessarily risk exposure to more people. https://t.co/jOKYoR4hnr https://t.co/1cF6tJoHA4— Josh Stein (@JoshStein_) September 12, 2020 354

NEW YORK (AP) — The nominees for the 63rd annual Grammy Awards were announced during a live stream held Tuesday by the Recording Academy's interim president and CEO Harvey Mason Jr. and other celebrity guests.Beyoncé led the nominees with nine nominations including record of the year and song of the year.Fellow artists Roddy Ricch, Dua Lipa, and Taylor Swift snagged six nominations apiece.WATCH: 406

NEW YORK CITY — Two U.S. marshals and a New York City police officer were injured in a shootout in the Bronx early Friday that left one suspect dead and another injured, law enforcement sources say.The New York City Fire Department (FDNY) said a report came in at around 5:30 a.m. ET about a shooting on Ely Avenue, near Edenwald Avenue in the Wakefield neighborhood of the Bronx.Aerial footage shows a large police presence in the area, including three ambulances.One marshal was shot in the arm and thigh and the second was shot in the leg, according to police. The NYPD detective injured his leg during the incident.The three law enforcement officials were transported to local hospitals for treatment, along with a suspect who sustained injuries to his head. It's not known if the suspect was suffering from gunshot wounds.Previous reporting indicated that the three law enforcement officers injured were all U.S. marshals.According to WHDH-TV in Boston, the suspect who was killed in the shootout is Andre K. Sterling, 35. He was wanted in connection with the shooting of a Massachusetts state trooper on Nov. 20. The state trooper survived that shooting, but Sterling escaped the scene. 1200

New details in the case of 13-year-old Patricia Alatorre who was allegedly raped and murdered last week by a man from Los Angeles who she communicated with on social media. The details in those court documents are very graphic, much of which wouldn't be appropriate to release.It was in the neighborhood near Wible Rd and Hosking Ave where police say 13-year-old Patricia Alatorre was kidnapped near her home last week. Documents revealed a lot of information about how she communicated with her suspected 24-year-old killer, the kind of communication they had prior to her death, and the tragic way she lost her life."That's sad. That's unacceptable. We don't want anybody killed, but it's incredibly sad when people kill children," said Kern County District Attorney Cynthia Zimmer.Zimmer shared her thoughts after court documents were released Wednesday morning detailing the tragic events leading up to Alatorre's death. Officials said she was killed in South Bakersfield shortly after midnight on July 2nd after 24-year-old Armando Cruz from Inglewood communicated with her on social media over the course of a week. They would send explicit photos to each other, according to documents.Things would take a turn for the worst, according to Bakersfield Police Sgt. Robert Pair."As you can imagine this is a particularly sensitive case. It's involving details that is especially graphic."Documents state Cruz convinced Alatorre to meet with him to engage in explicit acts on two occasions despite knowing she was only 13. He drove from Los Angeles to Bakersfield to meet her. On the second encounter, Cruz drove her around the block as she screamed, telling him she didn't want to go with him.It was about this time documents state she was raped. She tried to get up and physically struggled with Cruz and that's when he allegedly strangled her and tied her up with duct tape. He then took her body with him but the details following are too graphic to release.On Sunday night Cruz was arrested by BPD in Los Angeles County and brought back to Bakersfield. On Tuesday he was charged with 12 felony counts."The first count is first-degree murder and in connection with first-degree murder, I charged four special circumstances which carry the penalty of life without the possibility of parole, in prison, or the death penalty," explained Zimmer.Cruz has pleaded not guilty to that first-degree murder charge and all other felony charges, including kidnapping, and aggravated sexual assault. He is due back in court on July 30th. 2538

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