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-- and its wider implications for human mental health treatment -- was found in their poop, per new findings published in Behavioural Brain Research.Rats are better drivers when they're mentally stimulatedKelly Lambert, study author and head of the University of Richmond's Lambert Behavioral Neuroscience Laboratory, trained two groups of young rats: One bunch raised in an "enriched environment" with toys, ladders, balls and pieces of wood designed to spark mental stimulation, and another reared in a standard, unexciting lab cage.The rats learned to enter a custom "rat-operated vehicle," or ROV, adorably constructed from a one-gallon plastic container turned on its side.Once inside, the rat racers would stand on an aluminum plate and press on a copper bar that would trigger the wheels' motor. They'd hold down on the bar until they propelled their tiny car to the end of their enclosure, where they collected their reward: Froot Loops.When it came time to drive, the rats who played with ladders, balls and toys were more adept at operating and steering the ROV, thanks to the neuroplasticity (their brains' ability to change over time) triggered by their environment. Their unstimulated cage counterparts effectively "failed their driving test," Lambert said.Hormones found in their feces showed improved emotional resilienceIn sifting through their fecal matter, Lambert found both groups of rats trained to drive secreted higher levels of corticosterone and DHEA, hormones that control stress responses.Corticosterone is a hormone animals could secrete in high-stakes scenarios like running from a wild animal or defending themselves from predators, but it can also be expressed in lower-risk tasks like doing taxes or worrying about a loved one (though rats likely aren't advanced enough to form a government, let alone impose taxes on fellow rats).DHEA acts as a sort of "buffer," Lambert said, when corticosterone becomes toxic -- that is, when it can't be turned off in a reasonable amount of time, creating prolonged stress.It's evidence that mastering a complex task, like driving a car, bolstered the rats' emotional resilience."It is likely that driving gives the rats a sense of control over their environment," she said. "In humans, we would say that it enhances a sense of agency or self-efficacy."What have rats got to do with human health?The brains of humans and rats share nearly all of the same areas and neurochemicals -- they're just smaller in rodents. And though humans are certainly more complex than rats, Lambert said there are "universal truths" in how both species' brains interact within their environment to maintain optimal mental health.So these results have implications for human health, too (and no, they don't mean rats will drive alongside people in tiny lanes on highways). Emotional resilience is one of the first lines of defense against mental illnesses like depression, she said, and learning what behaviors build that up could clue physicians in on how to treat those illnesses in humans.It's a concept Lambert refers to as "behaviorceuticals," activities that release hormones that can ward off prolonged stress brought on by corticosterone."Anything that reduces stress can build resilience against the onset of mental illness," she said.The activity can be something as simple as knitting, or in rats' case, learning to drive a car. Just engaging hands, paws and brains of varying sizes can enhance a participant's sense of control. 3489

on Thursday that actress Lori Loughlin's daughters, Olivia Jade and Isabella Giannulli, have decided to leave USC amid accusations that their parents illegally used bribes to help them gain entrance into the college. The Giannullis were among a group of college students whose parents allegedly participated in an elaborate bribery scheme that involved students getting admitted into elite colleges without proper credentials. On Tuesday, federal officials handed out indictments to nearly four dozen parents, college coaches and administrators and others allegedly involved in the scheme.TMZ reported that the family feels that if the daughters returned to USC, they would be "viciously bullied." They currently do not plan on enrolling at any other college at the time being. Loughlin, who was on the cast of the hit 90s sitcom "Full House," and her husband Mossimo Giannulli, are accused of spending 0,000 in bribes to help her two daughters gain admission into USC. Loughlin's daughters allegedly gained entrance into USC as crew recruits, despite not having the credentials to participate in the sport.Also on Thursday, the Hallmark Channel announced it would no longer cast Loughlin in its movies. Loughlin had been in more than a dozen films for the network. None of the students involved were charged with any crimes. It is unknown whether any of the students will be forced to withdraw or surrender their degree. 1427

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— especially those that employers have historically overlooked, like people of color, the disabled and the formerly incarcerated.Markets roared back, but not everyone has benefitedMost American businesses — or at least, those that survived the recession — didn't take long to return to profitability. As a percentage of GDP, after-tax profits have been 354

from a mural after the "hidden" message caused a stir online.The mural, titled "The Devil Is in the Details," was created by New York-based artist ELLE as part of Lexington art collective PRHBTN's annual street art festival. The festival has brought dozens of large-scale works to the city.The colorful piece on the side of a building near Short and Church streets depicts the faces for four women and a snake emerging from a can of spray-paint.But it also contained what the artist said was supposed to be a hidden message: "F*** Trump."By Tuesday night, the words had been spray-painted over. The building's owner confirmed that he had ordered the words be covered up after news of the explicit message caused a stir online.Earlier, the artist said the words were supposed to be invisible unless shown under a blacklight. But for some reason, the special paint didn't dry clear. She also released a statement about the work."In America we are all entitled to share our opinion, and it's important to exercise this right," her statement read, in part. "Let me be clear, this is not about politics, this is about expressing my anger: I am fed up!""I'm not trying to make people angry. I'm trying to make people talk," ELLE said Tuesday.After the words were covered up, she took to her social media accounts to criticize the move, saying: "Free speech isn't a thing in Trump Territory." 1387