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WASHINGTON, Dec. 21 (Xinhua) -- New research suggests that, in people who don't currently have memory problems, those with smaller regions of the brain's cortex may be more likely to develop symptoms consistent with very early Alzheimer's disease.The study was published Wednesday in the online issue of Neurology, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology.For the study, researchers used brain scans to measure the thickness of regions of the brain's cortex in 159 people free of dementia with an average age of 76. The brain regions were chosen based on prior studies showing that they shrink in patients with Alzheimer's dementia.Of the 159 people, 19 were classified as at high risk for having early Alzheimer's disease due to smaller size of particular regions known to be vulnerable to Alzheimer's in the brain's cortex, 116 were classified as average risk and 24 as low risk. At the beginning of the study, participants were also given tests that measured memory, problem solving and ability to plan and pay attention. The tests will go on over the next three yearsThe study found that 21 percent of those at high risk experienced cognitive decline during three years of follow-up after the MRI scan, compared to seven percent of those at average risk and none of those at low risk."Further research is needed on how using MRI scans to measure the size of different brain regions in combination with other tests may help identify people at the greatest risk of developing early Alzheimer's as early as possible," said study author Bradford Dickerson, of Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston and a member of the American Academy of Neurology.

WASHINGTON, Nov. 10 (Xinhua) -- NASA's car-sized Mars rover Curiosity, which will examine one of the most intriguing areas on the Red Planet, is in final preparations for a launch from Florida 's Space Coast at 10:25 a.m. EST (15:25 GMT) on Nov. 25, the U.S. space agency announced on Thursday.Curiosity is about twice as long and more than five times as heavy as any previous Mars rover. Its 10 science instruments include two for ingesting and analyzing samples of powdered rock delivered by the rover's robotic arm. It is now sitting atop an Atlas V rocket awaiting liftoff from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station."Preparations are on track for launching at our first opportunity," said Pete Theisinger, Mars Science Laboratory project manager at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. "If weather or other factors prevent launching then, we have more opportunities through Dec. 18."Scheduled to land on the Mars in Aug. 2012, the one-ton rover will examine Gale Crater during a nearly two-year prime mission. Curiosity will land near the base of a layered mountain three miles (five kilometers) high inside the crater. The rover will investigate whether environmental conditions ever have been favorable for development of microbial life and preserved evidence of those conditions.

WELLINGTON, Oct. 17 (Xinhua) -- Parents wanting to help their children avoid asthma and other allergies are being told to give their toys a frosty reception by sticking them in the freezer.Medical scientists in New Zealand and Taiwan have discovered that freezing children's soft toys can kill almost all house dust mites (HDMs), the microscopic bugs associated with a range of allergies, including asthma.Other effective remedies for killing HDMs, commonly found in children's soft toys, were tumble drying and washing with eucalyptus oil and detergent, the scientists from New Zealand's University of Otago and Taiwan's Changhua Christian Hospital found.HDMs were strongly associated with the development of asthma in children, and the severity of asthma was in proportion to the number of house dust mites a child was exposed to when sleeping with soft toys, said a statement from the university Monday."Children frequently sleep with their favorite toys close to their airways and this may be important for HDM-sensitized asthmatic children," said University of Otago Associate Professor Rob Siebers.The scientists tested the three different cleaning methods on 36 toys divided into three groups of 12.Freezing toys for at least 16 hours at minus 15 degrees centigrade resulted in a 95-percent reduction of HDMs, as did soaking in an emulsion of eucalyptus oil and liquid detergent for one hour before rinsing and drying.Hot tumble drying for one hour reduced mites by 89 percent, the study found."Washing and soaking with eucalyptus oil and detergent is very effective in not only reducing live mites, but also reducing house dust mite allergens, compared to freezing and tumble drying," said Siebers.Ten of the 12 toys cleaned this way showed no live mites at all.Siebers said all three methods were more effective than just washing toys, because water needed to be above 55 degrees centigrade to kill HDMs, but this usually damaged the toys."My advice for parents is to either tumble dry for one hour, or freeze the soft toy overnight, and then wash it in a cold wash to remove any allergens."Siebers said the thickness of the material used in making the toys could alter the effectiveness of the three methods.The scientists would conduct further research to determine how quickly HDMs recolonized soft toys and how often toys should be treated.The study has been published in the European journal, Paediatric Allergy and Immunology.

HONOLULU, United States, Nov. 10 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao arrived in Honolulu, Hawaii, on Thursday for the Economic Leaders Meeting of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), slated for Saturday and Sunday.At the annual meeting, leaders of the 21-member group will exchange views on economic growth in the Asia-Pacific region, strengthening regional economic integration and expanding trade.They will also consider the promotion of green growth and fostering job creation in green industries, energy security, and expanding regulatory cooperation and advancing regulatory convergence.Chinese President Hu Jintao (C) arrives in Honolulu, Hawaii, U.S., Nov. 10, 2011. Chinese President Hu Jintao arrived in Honolulu, Hawaii, on Thursday for the Economic Leaders Meeting of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), slated for Saturday and Sunday.President Hu is expected to speak at the meeting and express his views on the world economic situation and the regional economic situation, Wu Hailong, assistant foreign minister of China, said at a press briefing earlier this week.In his speech, Wu said, the Chinese leader will call for "improving global economic governance, shifting the growth method, promoting economic globalization and regional economic integration."Hu will also explain "China's stand on the issues of free and open trade and investment, green growth, the adjustment of economic structure and regulatory cooperation," Wu said.In Hawaii, Hu will join other APEC leaders in dialogue with the APEC Business Advisory Council (ABAC).APEC leaders are expected to discuss with ABAC representatives, among other things, regional economic integration, reform of the international monetary system, and food security.The Chinese leader is scheduled to deliver a speech at the APEC CEO summit Saturday.On the sidelines of the APEC Economic Leaders Meeting, President Hu will meet U.S. President Barack Obama and other leaders of APEC members."China hopes the meeting will further promote the free and open trade and investment in the Asia-Pacific region, push forward economic and technology cooperation, support multilateral trade systems, oppose trade protectionism, so as to inject vitality into world economic recovery and growth," Assistant Commerce Minister Yu Jianhua said at a press briefing earlier this week.APEC is the premier economic forum in the Asia-Pacific region.Since APEC's birth in 1989 it has grown to encompass 21 members spanning four continents, and represents the most economically dynamic region in the world, accounting for approximately 40 percent of the world's population, around 50 percent of world GDP and about 44 percent of world trade.APEC's 21 member economies are Australia, Brunei, Canada, Chile, China, China's Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan, Republic of Korea, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Peru, the Philippines, Russia, Singapore, Chinese Taipei, Thailand, the United States and Vietnam.

BEIJING, Nov. 4 (Xinhuanet) -- The amount of trans fat and other nutritional information will be marked on the labels of prepackaged food, according to the country's first national standard for food nutrition. The labeling will take effect on Jan 1, 2013. "It will help standardize the nutrition facts labeling by food producers and facilitate consumers' rights to know and choose, while improving public awareness of food nutrition," said Yang Yuexin, a senior nutritionist with the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The new regulation by the Ministry of Health stipulates that food labels have to include the food's nutrition information, including levels of energy, protein, fat, carbohydrate and sodium. Food products without proper labels showing the nutritional information will be banned when the new rule takes effect. The new regulation also stipulates that if any hydrogenated or partially hydrogenated fat is used to produce the food, the level of trans fat will have to be highlighted on the nutrition information label. Trans fat is usually produced during food processing when liquid oils are converted into semi-solid fats that help keep food fresh longer. However, the partially hydrogenated oil contains trans fat that can substantially increase the risk of heart disease. However, Zhang Jian, a researcher with CDC's National Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety, said that compared to Western diets, the Chinese diet contains a far lower level of trans fat and there is no need to over react.

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