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BEIJING, March 5 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao Thursday called on the nation to strengthen "conviction for victory" as he unveiled an unprecedented stimulus package to shore up economic growth amid global downturn. In a work report to the National People's Congress (NPC), the country's parliament, Wen said China is facing "unprecedented difficulties and challenges" as economic growth slows, employment pressure mounts and social uncertainties increase in 2009, the most difficult year since the new millennium. PREMIER'S ECONOMICS China's economy cooled to a seven-year low of 9 percent last year, and broke a five-year streak of double-digit expansion, as the global financial crisis took its toll on the world's fastest growing economy. The country, however, is "able to achieve" an economic growth at about 8 percent as long as right policies and appropriate measures are adopted and implemented, Wen said. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao delivers a government work report during the opening meeting of the Second Session of the 11th National People's Congress (NPC) at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, capital of China, March 5, 2009In his report, Wen outlined an aggressive stimulus package, including huge government investment, tax reform, industrial restructuring, scientific innovation, social welfare and promoting employment. In addition to a 4-trillion yuan (585.5 billion U.S. dollars) stimulus package that was announced in November, the premier also proposed a budgeted fiscal deficit of 950 billion yuan (139 billion U.S. dollars) for 2009, a record high in six decades and nearly three times over the last record of 319.8 billion yuan set in 2003. The deficit accounted for less than 3 percent of the gross domestic product (GDP), nearly surpassing an internationally accepted risky line. Wen said increasing government spending is the most active, direct and efficient way to expand domestic demand, while economists believe China's 2-trillion U.S. dollar foreign reserves, current-account surplus and budget surplus offers the government lots of room to do so. Other key economic and social targets included creating more than 9 million jobs in the city, controlling urban registered unemployment rate under 4.6 percent and keeping the rise of Consumer Price Index (CPI) at about 4 percent. EXPECTATIONS OF A MIGRANT WORKER AND MORE While nearly 3,000 lawmakers convened at the Great Hall of the People in the center of Beijing, Zhang You, a migrant worker from central Anhui Province who was waiting in his rented room for a job opportunity in the outskirts of the capital, also watched Wen's nationally televised speech, though the Premier's economics might be beyond his imagination. "I didn't quite understand what those figures meant," he said. "But I was impressed by Premier Wen's vow to expand social security for migrant workers and help us find jobs," the 30-year-old man said. "I am happy about that." Zhang, a painter, said he has had no work to do for months. "I guess it's because fewer people are buying houses," he said. China's real estate sector was also hit by the international financial crisis with fewer people buying houses. But Zhang said he believes he will soon be able to find a job. "I feel the government is trying hard to overcome the difficulties. This kind of situation won't last long." "I hope the economy will get better. My whole family is depending on me," said Zhang, one of the 20 million migrant workers who have lost jobs following the financial crisis. In addition to millions of migrant workers seeking jobs in the cities, another 6.1 million college students are due to graduate this year, worsening the country's unemployment woes. Announcing a 42-billion-yuan central government investment to boost job opportunities, Wen said in his report "the government will do everything in its power to stimulate employment." He said the government will make full use of the role of the service sector, labor-intensive industries, small and medium-sized enterprises, and the non-public sector of the economy in creating jobs, he said. Hao Ruyu, vice president of the Capital University of Economics and Business, said to maintain an 8 percent growth rate is "vital" to the Chinese economy and the country's stability. "One percentage point growth could create 800,000 to 1 million jobs," said Hao, vice chairman of the NPC Financial and Economic Affairs Committee. Despite worsening world economy, economists are optimistic about China's economic growth as previous stimulus measures have started to show initial effects. Economist Li Yining told Xinhua that he believes China's economic growth this year could reach 8 percent, or even higher. The Chinese economy is also very likely to recover before other major economies, even though the world economy is still shrouded in uncertainty, said Li, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), the nation's top political advisory body. "The economic slowdown is beginning to bottom out, and the economy is bound to rebound on huge government investment," he said. According to a survey of factories issued Monday by the brokerage CLSA, China's manufacturing activity contracted for a seventh consecutive month in February, but at a slower rate than previous months. INVESTMENT FOR A HARMONIOUS SOCIETY While explaining the stimulus plan, Wen said the government will "give top priority to ensuring people's wellbeing and promote social harmony." He said a total of 908 billion yuan of the central government investment this year will go to projects aiming at improving people's life. Those projects covered low-income housing, education, health care, culture, environmental protection, and reconstruction in regions affected by the May 12 earthquake in Sichuan Province. As part of the efforts to shore up domestic demand, Wen said China will increase investment to improve China's social security network, whose low coverage has long been blamed for the country's high saving rate. He said the central government plans to spend 293 billion yuan on the social safety net this year, up 17.6 percent or 43.9 billion yuan over the estimated figure for last year. The money will be used to fund social welfare programs, including pension, medical insurance, unemployment insurance and living allowances to low-income groups. Wen also promised that his government will improve efficiency and continue to combat corruption. "We must discharge our duties with great diligence and, through our actions and achievements, build a government that is for the people and is pragmatic, clean, efficient to satisfy people's needs and win their trust," he said. CHINA IMPETUS LIMITED? As the world's fastest expanding economy, China's policy making has captured international attention since the world was hit by the financial turmoil. Before Wen delivered his report, U.S. stocks broke a five-day losing streak with the Dow Jones industrial average rising 149.82, or 2.2 percent, to 6,875.84 on Wednesday. Some analysts said expectations on China's economic stimulus package might have contributed to the stock jump. But Wang Xiaoguang, a Beijing-based economist, said such an influence is very "limited." Wang said China's stimulus package might help store up some investors' confidence in world economy, but the recovery of the world depends on both China and the United States. China's economic growth could help cushion the blows of world economic downturn, Wang said. "But if the U.S. economy continued to worsen, China alone could not revive the world," he said.
BEIJING, April 11 (Xinhua) -- China's foreign exchange reserves rose 16 percent year-on-year to 1.9537 trillion U.S. dollars by the end of March, said the People's Bank of China on Saturday. It represents an increase of 7.7 billion dollars for the first quarter, but the increase was 146.2 billion dollars lower than the same period of last year. Outstanding foreign currency loans stood at 235.2 billion U.S. dollars by the end of March, down 11.7 percent year on year. In the first quarter, foreign currency loans dropped by 8.5 billion U.S. dollars. The decline was 57.3 billion U.S. dollars heavier over the same period of last year. In March, foreign currency loans rose by 4.3 billion U.S. dollars. The increase was 6.4 billion U.S. dollars lower than the same period of last year. Meanwhile, outstanding foreign currency deposits rose 28.9 percent, or 7.5 billion U.S. dollars, to 200.3 billion U.S. dollars in the first quarter. The increase was 13 billion U.S. dollars higher over the same period of last year. In March alone, foreign currency deposits rose by 3.3 billion U.S. dollars. The increase was 1.8 billion U.S. dollars higher over the same month in 2008. Analysts said the smaller growth of foreign exchange reserves in the first quarter was related with changes in the value of non-U.S.-dollar assets and money flows under the capital account. In March alone, the foreign exchange reserves rose by 41.7 billion U.S. dollars. The increase was 6.7 billion U.S. dollars higher than the corresponding period of last year. The country's foreign exchange reserves reduced to 1.914 trillion U.S. dollars at the end of January and 1.912 trillion U.S. dollars at the end of February. "Changes of foreign exchange reserves in the first quarter were mainly driven by non-U.S.-dollar assets' volatile fluctuation," said Liu Yuhui, an economist with Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS). During the first quarter, especially the first two months, non-dollar foreign currencies dropped heavily against the U.S. dollar, leaving about 40 percent of the country's non-dollar assets depreciated. Meanwhile, the country's trade surplus had reduced during the first quarter due to a weakening external demand. Exports fell 17.5 percent in January, 25.7 percent in February and 17.1 percent in March. In February, trade surplus plummeted by34.3 billion U.S. dollars to 4.8 billion. "The 7.7-billion-dollar increase in foreign exchange reserves for the first quarter showed the country's economy still depends heavily on external demand," said Mei Xinyu, an economist with the Ministry of Commerce (MOC). Yuan Gangming, a researcher with the CASS, said the smaller increase in foreign exchange reserves might also be caused by capital flight. Official statistics show during the first two months, the actually-utilized foreign direct investment dropped by 26.2 percent. A large proportion of the country's foreign exchange reserves are invested in U.S. treasuries and notes. Last month, the U.S. Federal Reserve announced a plan to buy up to 300 billion U.S. dollars in long-term treasuries. That added to worries in the value stability of the country's foreign exchange reserves. Mei said the slower growth in foreign exchange reserves could be conducive to the national economic security because less capital would be exposed to devaluation risks. "The top priority should be to keep the value of foreign exchange reserves stable," said Yuan. He suggested relevant authorities should keep a close eye on flows of foreign reserves and prevent a similar capital flight that happened after the Asian financial crisis.

DAR ES SALAAM, Feb. 15 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao on Sunday said he reached new consensus with African leaders during his ongoing visit to the continent. "During my African visit, I had in-depth discussions with leaders of related countries on bilateral relations and issues of common concern, and we reached a number of new and important consensus," Hu said while giving an interview to Tanzanian State Television and Hong Kong-based Phoenix TV. Visiting Chinese President Hu Jintao (L) meets with his Tanzanian counterpart Jakaya Mrisho Kikwete in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, Feb. 15, 2009This is the president's sixth visit to Africa and his second since the Beijing Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation in 2006. The four-country African tour has taken Hu to Mali and Senegal. After his stay in Tanzania. Hu will travel on to Mauritius before flying back home on Tuesday. "The visit is aimed at cementing friendship, deepening cooperation, dealing with challenges and seeking common development," Hu said. Visiting Chinese President Hu Jintao (L) meets with his Senegalese counterpart Abdoulaye Wade in Dakar, capital of Senegal, Feb. 13, 2009As a sincere friend of Africa, China will actively support African countries in developing their economies, and improving livelihood and strengthening cooperation, he said. "China will fully and punctually implement measures agreed at the Beijing Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation, seek China-Africa pragmatic relations and promote the further development of our new strategic partnership," Hu said. Eight measures announced at the landmark summit included massive tariff cuts, debt exemptions, and doubling aid to Africa over a three-year period among others. Chinese President Hu Jintao (L, Front) shakes hands with Malian President Amadou Toumany Toure (R, Front) after signing agreements in Bamako, Mali, on Feb. 12, 2009.Hu said he was satisfied with the development of China-Tanzania ties. Noting Tanzania is an old and good friend of China, Hu said the bilateral relationship has moved forward in a sound and smooth way and yielded fruitful cooperation in various fields since the establishment of bilateral diplomatic ties in 1964. "It can be viewed as an exemplary relationship of sincerity, solidarity and cooperation between the two developing countries," Hu said. In 2008, bilateral trade hit an all-time high, reaching more than 1 billion U.S. dollars, Hu said. He held talks with Tanzanian President Jakaya Mrisho Kikwete and met Zanzibar President Amani Abeid Karume earlier on Sunday. Hu said they reviewed the growth of China-Tanzania relations and set a direction for bilateral relations to develop in a new era. The two sides agreed on cementing traditional friendship, deepening pragmatic cooperation and taking the relations to a new high, Hu said. "With joint efforts, I am convinced that bilateral relations will have a promising future and benefit the two nations," Hu said. Before the interview, Hu attended the completion ceremony of Tanzania's state stadium and paid tribute to a cemetery for Chinese experts who worked and died in Tanzania.
BEIJING, Feb. 19 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Vice Premier Zhang Dejiang Thursday urged the country's labor department to find employment for people this year. China is facing a daunting task to secure jobs for its workforce after more than 20 million migrant workers lost their jobs in the global financial crisis. To compound the problem, more than seven million college graduates will be looking for jobs this year. "We must ensure a stable employment situation this year, as employment is related to people's livelihood and the harmony and stability of the society," Zhang said at a working conference of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security. The country's urban unemployment rate increase 0.2 percentage points to 4.2 percent at the end of 2008, even though migrant workers are not included in that number. Zhang asked the ministry to adopt more active policies to find employment for people. Tax burdens of firms could be reduced, and preferential policies for social security coverage could be employed to help firms survive the crisis and keep jobs, Zhang said. More subsidies should be offered to organize vocational training in order to get people reemployed, and training should be made more relevant to different jobs, he added. The Vice Premier also said the government should step up building a social insurance system that covers both urban and rural residents, and continue to raise pensions for retired workers. China created new jobs for 11.13 million people last year, 11 percent more than the target of 10 million. The country also found jobs for five million laid-off workers and for 1.43 million who had difficulty in finding a job. The combined 6.43 million was again higher than the original target of five million.
BEIJING, Feb. 10 (Xinhua) -- China's State Council, or the cabinet, issued a notice Tuesday that urged governments at all levels to make every possible effort to expand employment. The notice said that the deepening global financial crisis makes it more difficult to offer jobs for new labor force and unemployment risks continue to increase. In response, governments should adopt a more vigorous employment policy to maintain stable employment and social order. Governments at all levels should give priority to employment of enterprise staff, college graduates, laid-off and migrant workers and demobilized officers. They should take active measures to reduce employment burdens on enterprises and supervise their layoff activities to protect workers' legal rights. If an enterprise's job-cutting plan involves more than 20 workers or more than 10 percent of the entire staff, the company should file a report to the local trade union or notify all staff 30 days before the layoff. Tax authorities should offer exemptions, including turnover tax and individual income tax, to laid-off workers who started their own business and extend the exemption approval deadline to the end of 2009. Enterprises that sign one-year or above contracts with laid-off workers and pay their social insurance fees will also be exempted from several taxes with the approval deadline also extended to the end of 2009. Workers who fail to find employment by end of 2009 will be able to continue claiming social security subsidies for a maximum of one year. The notice also required governments to improve employment services such as professional training, adding that new employment and unemployment rates would be key factors in assessing government success
来源:资阳报