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KUBUQI (Inner Mongolia), July 10 (Xinhuanet) -- Amos Nadai, ambassador of Israel to China, spoke highly of the desertification control efforts in the Kubuqi desert of China during an exclusive interview with Xinhuanet here Saturday. "It's a huge area, which is more than half of my country," Nadai said, "I see a lot of planting and it's very beautiful." Nadai was here for the 2011 Kubuqi International Desert Forum held in the Kubuqi Desert, Inner Mongolia of China. As a small country with half of its land being desert, Israel has to work very hard in desertification control and has accumulated a great deal of experience. However, Nadai praised China's efforts in learning new technologies applied in the Kubuqi desert. He said that China takes this very seriously and has developed really rapidly. "They are doing the right thing; they bring here every two years the best experts from all over the world, and they listened carefully," he said. Nadai said that he saw the way people here fight against desertification, develop tourism, boost the use of clean energy, and he was very impressed. That's why Israel is happy to cooperate with China in this field, Nadai said. He also introduced a long-term project that Israel has been working together with China in Xinjiang, which Israel introduces methods to the local farmers that can grow the same amount of crop by using 50 percent less of water. "The local people have learned everything that we can offer them and they can do it alone now," Nadai said. The ambassador, who was awarded the Honorary Citizenship of Chengdu City, the capital of Sichuan Province, Wednesday, said: "I am very very excited for that honor."

ROME, Sept. 27 (Xinhua) -- The 30th general assembly of the International Council for Science (ICSU) kicked off here on Tuesday to address key global challenges, featuring over 275 scientists and experts from all over the world.The goal of the four-day event, hosted for the first time in Rome by the National Research Center (CNR) as Italy's scientific member at ICSU, is to discuss how science can contribute to boosting sustainable development, fighting climate change, increasing well-being and health in the changing urban environment and tackling the side-effects of progress.At the official opening ceremony, CNR president Francesco Profumo stressed that scientific research was the key to solving all current crises."It's during times of crises that inventions, great strategies and discoveries are made," he said quoting Albert Einstein."Global cooperation is crucial in addressing society's needs. In the wake of the negative economic outlook we are witnessing research and technological transfer can turn into efficient instruments to guide countries towards a solid development giving us the tools to tackle with lucidity the great obstacles we face," observed Profumo.Appealing to both private and public institutions, Profumo thus urged to boost strategic partnerships between universities, governments and research centres."We must create a network of knowledge-sharing together with enterprises in order to multiply and better implement growth and well-being opportunities. But in order to do so concrete political decisions must be undertaken and financial resources are needed," he added.

CANBERRA, Aug. 29 (Xinhua) -- An Australia report released on Monday draws a direct link between inaction on climate change and long-term social and mental health problems.The Climate Institute report, A Climate of Suffering: The Real Cost of Living with Inaction on Climate Change, points that in the wake of extreme weather in Australia, such as cyclones and droughts, there is an increase in depression, anxiety, post- traumatic stress and substance abuse.As many as one in five people reported "emotional injury, stress and despair" in the wake of these events.The report also warns continuing catastrophic weather events are creating anxiety and insecurity for children at levels not seen since the Cold War.It claims one in 10 children of primary school age showed symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder after Cyclone Larry in 2006.According to Professor Ian Hickie, from the Brain & Mind Institute, regional and remote communities are most vulnerable to the impact of climate change.He said a recent study of rural New South Wales where, following the long drought, self-harm and suicide rose by up to eight percent."I think what we are seeing now is a much more significant counting of not just the short-term costs and reactions but the longer-term costs, the loss of community cohesion and that being essential to people's long-term mental health," Professor Hickie."The drought was a particularly instructive event for everyone in Australia and we saw a lot of focus for the first time on the mental health effects, particularly suicides in rural families, the effect on rural communities of prolonged examples of weather change," Hickie said.Climate Institute chief executive John Connor said that not only did natural disasters cost taxpayers about nine billion U.S. dollars last year, but there are also damaging Australia's social fabric.He said that with Australian regions increasingly exposed to extreme weather, recognizing and managing the risks of climate change is essential, and it is an insurance policy to protect Australia's communities.The study came as the political and social debate over Australian federal government's proposed carbon tax intensifies.In 2007, a report by the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) projected the effects of various greenhouse gas emission scenarios for 2030, 2050 and 2070.It said droughts were likely to become more frequent, fire danger was set to increase and tropical cyclones were likely to become more intense.

WASHINGTON, Sept. 12 (Xinhua) -- An enzyme that appears to play a role in controlling the brain's response to nicotine and alcohol in mice might be a promising target for a drug that simultaneously would treat nicotine addiction and alcohol abuse in people, U.S. researchers find.Over the course of four weeks, mice genetically engineered to lack the gene for protein kinase C (PKC) epsilon consumed less of a nicotine-containing water solution than normal mice, and were less likely to return to a chamber in which they had been given nicotine. In contrast, normal mice steadily increased their consumption of nicotine solution while the mice lacking PKC epsilon did not.The study conducted by researchers at the Ernest Gallo Clinic and Research Center, affiliated with the University of California, San Francisco, appeared Monday in the online edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.In normal mice, as in humans, nicotine binds to a certain class of nicotinic receptors located on dopamine neurons, which causes dopamine to be released in the brain. Dopamine creates a feeling of enjoyment, and thus prompts a sense of reward. Researchers found that mice lacking PKC epsilon are deficient in these nicotinic receptors.The finding complements earlier research in which researchers found that mice genetically engineered to lack the PKC epsilon enzyme drank less alcohol than normal mice and were disinclined to return to a chamber in which they had been given alcohol."This could mean that these mice might not get the same sense of reward from nicotine or alcohol," said Gallo senior associate director and investigator Robert Messing. "The enzyme looks like it regulates the part of the reward system that involves these nicotinic receptors."The reward system is a complex of areas in the brain that affect craving for nicotine, alcohol and other addictive substances.The next step in the research, said Messing, would be to develop compounds that inhibit PKC epsilon. The ultimate goal, he added, would be medications that could be used "to take the edge off of addiction by helping people get over some of their reward craving."

Beijing, Sept. 13 (Xinhuanet) -- A fear of taking antidepressants often results in people's reluctance of going to see the doctor when they are suffering from depression, a study find.The finding was published Monday in the U.S. journal Annals of Family Medicine.The researchers from the University of California investigated 1,054 adults on why they wouldn't tell the doctors about their depression symptoms, as well as any possible mental disorder.Among the participants, 43 percent admitted that they had been reluctant to tell the doctor about their depression symptoms.Their top concern was the possibility of being prescribed an antidepressant -- a worry voiced by 23 percent of the whole study group.Another 16 percent thought dealing with "emotional issues" is not the doctor's job. And a similar percentage worried that the diagnosis of depression may leave a negative record on their medical records.The study would be helpful for looking into the reasons that patients harbor the attitudes that they do, said Dr. Hellerstein of the New York State Psychiatric Institute and Columbia University Medical Center in New York.