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JINAN, Oct. 24 (Xinhua) -- Chinese scientists have made a breakthrough that could lead to more effective treatments for leprosy.A team from Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology in east China has identified two new risk variants near IL23R and RAB 32 genes that are responsible for the disease, according to a report published online Monday in the scientific journal Nature Genetics.Knowing that the two gene variants influence susceptibility to leprosy could allow doctors to diagnose the disease in sufferers earlier in its outset, as well as to develop new treatments. A genetic database could now be built up to predict those people particularly susceptible to leprosy, said Zhang Furen, the leader of the research team.The study involved more than 10,000 samples being taken from leprosy sufferers and healthy test subjects and analysed.Leprosy is a chronic nerve-killing disease that leads to problems with patients' skin, feet, hands, legs and eyes. More than 200,000 newly-contracted leprosy cases are reported worldwide every year, and China has around one tenth of the world's sufferers. 

XUZHOU, Dec. 13 (Xinhua) -- Three critically injured students died in hospital in east China's Jiangsu Province early Tuesday, the government said, bringing the toll of Monday's school bus overturn to 15.The accident was the third serious one involving a school bus in China in less than a month.At least eight other children are still hospitalized, a government spokesman of Fengxian County said, without elaborating on the conditions of their injuries.A bus carrying 29 students on their way home fell into a roadside ditch when the driver tried to avoid a pedicab in the rural areas of Fengxian at 5:50 p.m. on Monday.The bus belonged to a primary school in Shouxian township. The government said the bus, designed with a maximum carrying capacity of 52 persons, was not overloaded.Also on Monday, another school bus carrying 59 students was badly hit by a truck in the city of Foshan, Guangdong Province, injuring 37 students, Guangzhou Daily reported Tuesday. Seven of the injured had been hospitalized.The accidents occurred only a day after the State Council moved to strengthen school bus safety after a deadly crash killed 19 pupils about a month ago.The nine-seat school bus illegally carrying 64 people collided head-on with a coal truck in northwestern Gansu Province on Nov. 16, killing 19 preschoolers and two adults, and injuring 43 others.Schools are few in numbers in the vast and sparsely populated rural areas of China. School bus is a relatively new thing in some rural areas as for decades children from the countryside had been trekking on rugged countryroads on foot to attend school. But rural school buses varied on quality and safety.Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao had called on government departments to "rapidly" draft safety regulations and standards for school buses while further improving the design, production and distribution of the vehicles.

OTTAWA, Oct. 26 (Xinhua) -- Canadians are working about three years longer before retirement than they were in the 1990s, and have a longer life in retirement, an official study said Wednesday.Statistics Canada, the federal statistics agency, reports that Canada' s men and women, who don't face compulsory retirement, are increasingly choosing to delay retirement, as part of a long-term trend that has begun before the recent recession.The trend of later retirement dates back to the mid-1990s, when a 50-year-old employee could expect to work another 12.5 years before retiring from the daily grind.Today, that same 50-year-old worker could expect another 16 years of employment.The study says that 34 percent of Canadians aged 55 and older were employed in 2010, compared to just 22 percent in 1996.A longer working life would unnecessarily imply a shorter life in retirement due to increased life expectancy, the study says.The study notes that men and women leaving the work force today are spending as much time in their post-career life as many of their predecessors did.For example, between 1977 and 1994, the typical retirement length for a man in Canada rose from 11.2 to 15.4 years; as of 2008, it was 15 years.For women, the average retirement length similarly rose from 16.4 to 20.6 years between 1977 and 1996; as of 2008, it was 19 years.From another point of observation, 50-year-old men can expect to spend 48 percent of their remaining years of life in retirement in 2008,compared with 45 percent in 1977.In 2008, 50-year-old women could expect to spend 55 percent of their remaining years of life in retirement, nearly identical to the proportion in 1977.

BEIJING, Oct. 8 (Xinhua) -- Authorities hope to innovate social management by restructuring its governmental organ, an official said in an interview with Xinhua and the People's Daily on Saturday.The organ, the Central Committee for Comprehensive Social Management, was renamed and restructured in a meeting last month from the previous Central Committee for Comprehensive Management of Public Security.With 11 more departments than the previous one, the new committee, with 51 departments, is expected to strengthen and innovate social management so as to build a harmonious, stable society, an official from the general office of the committee said.The official said the renaming and restructuring of the committee came as the former's concepts, mechanisms and measures fell behind China's fast social and economic development after its 20 years of existence.The official said the new committee will primarily address some major issues that could threaten social harmony and stability, such as criminal gangs and juvenile delinquency, while enacting laws and regulations for social management.