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BEIJING, Nov. 11 (Xinhua) -- Chinese officials led by President Hu Jintao on Tuesday marked the 110th anniversary of the birth of Liu Shaoqi, late President and Communist leader who was prosecuted and died during the Cultural Revolution.     "We are gathered here with deep respect to remember his contribution to the independence and liberation of China, the development of the country and welfare of the people," said Hu at the ceremony.     State leaders Jia Qinglin, Li Changchun, Xi Jinping, Li Keqiang,He Guoqiang and Zhou Yongkang attended the ceremony presided over by Premier Wen Jiabao.     Liu worked hard for the cause of Party and people all his life, making great contribution to the revolution and construction of socialism in China, Hu said.     Born in 1898, Liu joined the Communist Party of China (CPC) at the age of 23 and led several important trade union strikes in the1920s.     He marched with the Red Army in the Long March (1934-1936) but, in the middle of it, he was sent to north China that was ruled by then Kuomintang government and led the underground resistance to the Japanese invasion.     In 1945, Liu was elected a member of the CPC Central Committee Political Bureau and a Central Committee secretary.     When the People's Republic of China was founded in 1949, Liu was elected the vice chairman of the central government. He was president from 1959 to 1968 and introduced many pragmatic economic policies.     Liu was removed from all his positions in 1968 during the Cultural Revolution and died in 1969, denounced as a traitor and an enemy agent. In 1980, his reputation was rehabilitated.     "We shall learn from his thoughts, way of working and virtue that would encourage all Party members and people to have confidence and work hard to carry on the cause of revolutionaries of older generations," said Hu.     He urged people to learn from Liu to be loyal to the Party and the people, to always seek truth from facts, to be open to innovation, to be good at applying Marxist principles in China's reality, to be willing to correct mistakes, to put Party and people first and to serve the people heart and soul.     Hu recalled Liu's great and glorious life and praised his achievements, Wen said. "It is of great significance to guide the people to inherit the ideal of older revolutionaries and create a new stage of socialism with Chinese characteristics."

BEIJING, Dec. 14 (Xinhua) -- Chinese media selected the 10 most popular phrases from the past three decades to mark the official 30th anniversary of China's reform and opening up, which falls on this month.     When China began to reform and open-up 30 years ago, people began experiencing, seeing and doing new things. In fact things were so new, they needed to create new words to describe what was happening.     In order of popularity, starting with number one:     "Go in for business"     In the 1980s when China was starting to transition from a planned economy to a market economy, it had a two-track pricing system (official and market prices) for industrial raw materials, including steel, non-ferrous metals, timber and coal.     Seeing business opportunities within the pricing system, many people, especially government employees and those from state-run factories or institutes, quit their jobs to open their own businesses.     "Going for business" was often used to refer to the phenomena of people breaking away from the constraints of a planned system to embrace the market economy. 　　"Be laid off and get re-employed"     To adapt to the market economy and improve competitiveness of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in the 1990s, China began restructuring.     "Encouraging mergers, standardizing bankruptcy, laying off and reassigning redundant workers, streamlining for higher efficiency" was a guideline in the SOEs reforms.     No official statistics show how many workers were laid off during that period, but experts estimate the number could be tens of millions.     To avoid social unrest and help most of those workers find new jobs, the Chinese central government offered occupational trainings, small loans and preferential tax policies.     "Migrant worker"     China's reform and opening-up drive started in rural areas in 1978 with collectively-owned farmland contracted to individual families. This freed about 100 million peasants from farm work.     However, most of these people were tied to the countryside by a residence-based rationing system for virtually everything, including food. About 63 million of these former farmers were given jobs in village-run enterprises that mushroomed in those days.     A policy change in 1984 allowed them to find jobs in cities but the massive migration of rural laborers didn't start until after China decided to move to a market economy in 1992.     The rapid inflow of investors created many construction, factory and mining jobs, most of which urban dwellers consider too tiring or dirty.     The number of migrants grew from 60 million in 1992 to 120 million in 2003 and 210 million this year, according to central government figures.     The work of the migrant population has generated 21 percent of China's gross domestic product in the past 30 years, the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences has found. But migrant workers face various problems, including delayed pay schedules, no or low work-place injury compensation, lack of health care and little schooling for their children.     "It doesn't matter if a cat is black or white, so long as it catches mice."     This sentence was used by late leader Deng Xiaoping, chief architect of China's reform and opening-up, on different occasions to clear up doubts as to whether the economic reform was capitalist or socialist.     The sentence helped stop ideological arguments at the early stage of reform and encouraged generations of Chinese to pursue their dreams in the market economy. 　　"Surfing the Internet"     The Internet was introduced in China more than 10 years ago. It quickly gained popularity and impacted society.     While online music, instant communication services, video streaming and online games greatly entertained millions of Chinese, the Internet also became a powerful news medium where information was disclosed, shared and publicized quickly.     Through June, China had 221 million netizens, according to the Data Center of China Internet (DCCI). The netizen population, which had already surpassed that of the United States to become the world's largest, would increase to 263 million by the end of this year, DCCI forecasted.     E-commerce transactions amounted to 2 trillion yuan (about 300 billion U.S. dollars) in 2007 and 25 percent of netizens had bought something online after "surfing the Internet" as of June this year. 　　"Reform and opening-up"     In 1978, a group of villagers from Xiaogang village in eastern Anhui Province decided to adopt a household contract responsibility system, which entrusted the management and production of public owned farmland to individual households through long-term contracts.     Later the system, described by then Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping as "a great invention of Chinese farmers", was widely adopted across the country and triggered economic reform.     Over the past 30 years, the country witnessed significant changes in comprehensive national strength, people's living standards and international influence thanks to the reform and opening-up policy.     China's share of the world's combined gross output rose to 6 percent at the end of 2007, compared with just 1.8 percent in 1978when its reform and opening-up began, according to the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS).     Fast economic growth over the past 30 years lifted China's GDP ranking in the world from 10th in 1978 to fourth after the United States, Japan and Germany     According to the NBS, China's per capita income jumped to 2,360U.S. dollars in 2007 from 190 U.S. dollars in 1978.     "Beijing Olympic Games"     Many believe that without opening-up, it would be impossible for China to host the 2008 Beijing Olympics.     The Games, commended by International Olympic Committee (IOC) President Jacques Rogge as "truly exceptional", were seen by the world as China's come-of-age show on the international stage.     China grabbed a total of 100 medals at the Beijing Games -- a coincidence as the country dreamt for 100 years to be the Olympic host -- and overtook the United States to top the gold medal count with 51.     As the most watched Games in history, with an estimated 4.5 billion TV and Internet viewers, the Beijing Olympics attracted the most participants, who were from a record 204 countries and regions.     "Speculate in stocks"     In 1990, China opened its first stock exchange in Shanghai, the country's industrial and financial center. In 1991, it set up its second bourse in Shenzhen, the country's first special economic zone.     China witnessed waves of stock crazes over the years and fluctuations in the stock market touch the nerves of millions of Chinese.     In 2007, the country saw a bull stock market, with the key benchmark Shanghai Composite Index soaring from 2,728 points in January to 5,261 points, or 92.85 percent, on December 28.     In fact, the market has been on a bullish run for 29 months from June 6, 2005 to November 2007, longer than the general bullish market cycle of 17 to 24 months.     But it has dipped since last November.     "Chinese characteristics"     The phrase became well-known as an answer by late leader Deng to the question of how China could improve its productivity and people's lives with its less-developed economy.     Deng's answer was "to build socialism with Chinese characteristics". It means China has its own way of development rather than copying other countries' experiences.     The phrase is frequently quoted by the Chinese and used in China's official documents.     "Rise abruptly"     The phrase, or "Xiong Qi" in Chinese meaning "Go! Go!", is a dialect of southwest China's Sichuan Province. It was originally used by football fans to inspire teams in the 1990s.     The phrase soon became popular among the Chinese public and was used widely outside the sports field to encourage people to keep up their spirits.     After the May 12 earthquake in Sichuan, Chinese used the phrase to show their care and support to the quake-affected areas and people.     The 10 phrases were selected by 15 Chinese media, including the Beijing Evening News, the Shanghai Evening Post, the Tianjin-based Jin Wan Bao, the Guangzhou-based Yangcheng Evening News and the Shanxi Evening News.     Newspapers, which are based in 15 provinces and municipalities, started soliciting catch phrases from the public in October, according to the Beijing Evening News.     The list, voted on by readers and netizens, was publicized in Shanghai on Saturday.

BEIJING, Oct. 25 (Xinhua) -- A senior Chinese official called on the country's lawyers to serve their clients wholeheartedly and be a guard for the legal rights and interests of their clients, at Saturday's opening of the Seventh National Lawyers Congress.     The congress will last through October 27.     He urged Chinese lawyers to strictly abide by the principle of "making facts as the base and law as the yardstick" and follow their code of conduct and disciplines.     Lawyers "should take the safeguarding of social fairness and justice as the fundamental pursuit of value in their practice," said Zhou Yongkang, a member of the Standing Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee Political Bureau and the secretary of the CPC Central Political and Legislative Affairs Committee (CPLAC).     Under the leadership of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, China's lawyer system has been gradually improving, while the lawyers' number has kept on increasing and their role has become increasingly clear, according to the senior official.     Zhou urged Chinese lawyers to give top priority to the cause of the Party, the interests of the people, and the Constitution and law, and be an adamantine constructor and guard for socialism with China's own characteristics.     Chinese lawyers should become a promoter for social harmony, he said, noting that the All-China Lawyers Association (ACLA) should bring into full play of its role as a bridge and ligament between Chinese lawyers and the Party and the government.     Present at the opening session were Meng Jianzhu, minister of public security, state councilor and deputy secretary of the CPLAC, Wang Shengjun, president of the Supreme People's Court, and Cao Jianming, procurator-general of the Supreme People's Procuratorate.     According to official website of the ACLA, the congress is its highest governing body. China has some 140,000 lawyers in practice and over 14,000 law firms

KUNMING, Nov. 20 (Xinhua) -- The learning and implementation of the Scientific Outlook on Development among Party members and cadres should be emphasized to boost economic development, said Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping on Thursday during his inspection tour to southwestern Yunnan Province.     Xi said local officials should exercise the Scientific Outlook on Development while facing challenges as a result of the global financial crisis. Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping (2nd R) talks with a woman at a tea garden in the Simao District of Pu'er City, southwest China's Yunnan Province, Nov. 18, 2008. Xi Jinping made an inspection in Yunnan Province on Nov. 17-20"In this way, we can change risks into opportunities," said Xi, member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee.     He urged local governments to implement the central government's policies and make sure to complete this year's economic growth goal.     Xi also asked local officials to pay attention to ecological development and environmental protection while advancing economic growth.

BEIJING, Oct. 18 (Xinhua) -- China's new rules on foreign media reflected the country's determination to carry on the policy of opening up to the outside world, a senior information official said here Saturday, hours after the issuing of the new rules.     Wang Chen said this in a ceremony for the establishment of "Israel Epstein Research Center" of Qinghua University.     Wang pointed out that the new rules draw on the experience of providing service and managerial assistance for foreign correspondents during Beijing Olympics, and they will make foreign correspondents reporting activities in China more convenient.     "Chinese government welcomes foreign media and reporters, and we hope more stories about the country will be told to the world. We will spare no effort to provide help and service to them," he said," meanwhile, we hope foreign media and reporters could abide by Chinese laws and professional morals, to report unbiasedly and justly, so to promote understanding and cooperation between China and the rest of the world."     According to the new rules, foreign reporters wishing to interview organizations or individuals in China no longer need to be received and accompanied by the Chinese organizations.     An item in the old version was also cancelled, which asked foreign reporters to get approval from the local government's foreign affairs department when they wanted to do reporting in the regions open to them.     Seymour Topping, a famous journalist from the United States and the former administrator of the Pulitzer Prizes, told Xinhua that the removal of the restrictions on foreign correspondents may mark an important progress of China,     China should learn to tolerate the judgement of the outside world, be it positive or negative. That will show a more confident China, he said.     Huang Youyi, deputy director-general and editor-in-chief of China International Publishing Group, said:" Sadly some foreign media reported inaccurately about China. But I believe with more foreign reporters coming, the proportion of accurate reports will increase."     "How great it is!" Wang Yu, who lives in Haidian District of Beijing smiled when she heard about the new rules," the foreign reporters will see that the world is a family, and Chinese people do have speech freedom."     A backpacker named Wang Shaofei from Hainan Province in the south of China said:" if any foreign reporters come to me, I will tell them the new development and changes of my hometown. Maybe I could know more about the cultures abroad, too."

来源：资阳报