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CANBERRA, Sept. 7 (Xinhua) -- A team of Australian and U.S. scientists on Wednesday said they discovered a genetic defect, which can lead to Leigh syndrome, a rare disorder which affects the central nervous syndrome.The scientists tested more than 1000 genes by encoding proteins active in two individuals who suffer from the illness. They used a new technique known as next-generation DNA sequencing to examine the genes.The gene they discovered encodes an enzyme which is found in the mitochondria which are subsets of cells. Without this enzyme the mitochondria do not translate proteins efficiently, and this then causes Leigh syndrome.According to David Thorburn, from the Murdoch Children's Research Institute in Melbourne, the discovery shows the enormous potential of the new technology."These findings demonstrate the ability of sequencing technologies to improve diagnosis," Professor Thorburn said in a statement released on Wednesday."Although it isn't clear in the case of Leigh syndrome whether the precise molecular diagnosis will necessarily lead to therapies, the current findings represent a meaningful service."He added that diagnosis of the disease along with its specific genetic cause can also be informative about the risk a couple has of having another affected child. The diagnostic information can help in decisions about whether and how to pursue alternative means of having children, for instance through the use of donor sperm or eggs.The research team consisted of scientists from Australia's Murdoch Institute as well as the Broad Institute in the U.S.In Leigh syndrome, infants are born apparently healthy only to develop movement and breathing disorders that worsen over time, often leading to death by the age of three. The problem is that the mitochondria responsible for powering their cells cannot keep up with the demand for energy in their developing brains.

XICHANG, Sichuan, Aug. 12 (Xinhua) -- China launched a communications satellite PAKSAT-1R for Pakistan at 0:15 a.m. Friday from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center in southwest China's Sichuan Province.The satellite was carried by a Long March-3B carrier rocket, according to the launch center. It is China's first in-orbit delivery to Asian customers and also the first commercial satellite export to international users this year.According to statistics from the control center, the satellite successfully separated from its carrier rocket and entered geostationary transfer orbit as scheduled, 26 minutes after being launched.PAKSAT-1R will provide a range of services, including broadband Internet, telecom and broadcasting, covering some regions of Europe, South Asia, the Middle East, and the eastern Africa.The contract for the PAKSAT-1R was signed in 2008 between China Great Wall Industry Corporation and the Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission of Pakistan.China and Pakistan share a long history of space technology cooperation. Pakistan's first low-orbit satellite, BADR-A, was launched by China in 1990 with Long March 2E rocket.

SAN FRANCISCO, Aug. 15 (Xinhua) --- Google Inc. on Monday announced that it has agreed to buy Motorola Mobility Holdings Inc. for about 12. 5 billion U.S. dollars, the largest purchase for the Internet search giant that will allow it to compete more directly with other mobile phone makers.Google said that it will acquire Motorola Mobility for 40 dollars per share in cash, or a total of about 12.5 billion dollars, a premium of 63 percent to the closing price of Motorola Mobility shares last Friday.The transaction was unanimously approved by the boards of directors of both companies and is expected to close by the end of 2011 or early 2012, subject to regulatory approvals and other closing conditions.Google noted that the acquisition of Motorola Mobility, a dedicated partner of its Android mobile operating system, will enhance competition in mobile computing.Motorola Mobility will remain a licensee of Android and Android will remain open, Google said, adding that it will run Motorola Mobility as a separate business."Motorola Mobility's total commitment to Android has created a natural fit for our two companies. Together, we will create amazing user experiences that supercharge the entire Android ecosystem for the benefit of consumers, partners and developers," Larry Page, Google's chief executive officer (CEO), said in a statement."We have shared a productive partnership with Google to advance the Android platform, and now through this combination we will be able to do even more to innovate and deliver outstanding mobility solutions across our mobile devices and home businesses," said Sanjay Jha, CEO of Motorola Mobility.

WASHINGTON, Aug. 10 (Xinhua) -- After a journey of almost three years, NASA's Mars rover Opportunity has reached the Red Planet's Endeavour crater to study rocks never seen before, the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) announced on Wednesday.Scientists hope it will find rocks and terrain much older than any other that the itinerant robot has examined during its seven years on the red planet.The U.S. space agency said that Opportunity arrived at the rim of Endeavour on Tuesday. The golf cart-size rover is expected to remain at the 22-kilometer-wide crater for the next few years.A portion of the west rim of Endeavour crater sweeps southward in this color view from NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity."NASA is continuing to write remarkable chapters in our nation' s story of exploration with discoveries on Mars and trips to an array of challenging new destinations," NASA Administrator Charles Bolden said in a statement. "Opportunity's findings and data ... will play a key role in making possible future human missions to Mars and other places where humans have not yet been."NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, which has been circling the planet since late 2005, detected clay minerals that form in wet conditions in the crater. Scientists want to find out if the minerals date back to Mars' distant past, when the planet is believed to have been wetter and warmer than the dry frozen desert it is today."We're soon going to get the opportunity to sample a rock type the rovers haven't seen yet," said Matthew Golombek, Mars Exploration Rover science team member, at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif. "Clay minerals form in wet conditions so we may learn about a potentially habitable environment that appears to have been very different from those responsible for the rocks comprising the plains."NASA is searching for signs that Mars had a habitable environment billions of years ago. Knowledge of the Martian climate will be important to future manned missions there, and can shed light on the forces that shaped Earth's climate.NASA launched the Mars rovers Opportunity and Spirit in 2003 for what were planned to be three-month missions. But both continued operating well beyond that. Spirit stopped communicating in March 2010.

BEIJING, July 17 (Xinhua) -- China's land prices in 105 cities rose 1.87 percent on average in the second quarter over the first, but the rate of growth slowed, the China Urban Land Price Dynamic Monitor, a land price information provider, announced Sunday. < In the second quarter, land price for business properties averaged 5,506 yuan (about 847 U.S. dollars) per square meter, up 2.77 percent from the previous quarter. The growth rate slowed by 0.56 percentage points.Land price for residential properties averaged 4,443 yuan per square meter, up 2.17 percent. The growth slowed by 0.27 percentage points. The price for industrial uses, meanwhile, was up 1.13 percent to reach 645 yuan per square meter. The growth fell 0.3 percentage points.The country's three most prosperous regions, the Yangtze River Delta Region, Pearl River (Zhujiang) Delta Region, and the Bohai Rim, all reported slower land price growth in the second quarter.