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SHENZHEN, June 18 (Xinhua) -- China established its first national gene bank on Friday in south China's city of Shenzhen with the support of the Beijing Genomics Institute (BGI), officials said.With the establishment of the National Gene Bank in Shenzhen, China will be able to better protect, research and utilize its precious genetic resources, boosting the genetics industry and safeguarding the country's genetic information, said Qi Chengyuan, head of the high-tech industry department of the National Development and Reform Committee (NDRC).The gene bank, which was approved by the NDRC in January, is based on data and facilities belonging to the BGI, but will grow with the help of extensive cooperation with other biological organizations both home and abroad, Qi said.The national gene bank "aims to lead the development of international bioindustry as one of the world's largest gene banks," said Yang Huanming, the BGI's president.The BGI, the world's largest genome-mapping institute, has more than 1,000 biological analysis devices working with top-of-the-line genome-sequencing machines.Analysts say the BGI differs from conventional labs, as it can handle data in vast quantities and industrialize its research. Some believe lower wages in China have also contributed to the BGI's competitiveness.Yang Bicheng, the BGI's spokesman, said the payment and welfare packages BGI offers are competitive in China's bioindustry."A researcher with about two years of experience earns around 100,000 yuan (15,440 U.S. dollars) a year. More outstanding researchers can get more, but the gap is not too great," Yang said.Yang said greater motivation comes from better prospects for academic achievements."Our young researchers can work with the world's leading scientists, participate in global science projects and be pioneers in new fields of research. Only BGI offers these kinds of opportunities in China," Yang said.The BGI has published 18 research papers in Science Magazine and the Nature Journal since 2007. The facility has become an international center for genome research and industrialization, with advanced technology and top talent, said Ji Xiaoming, head of the international cooperation department of the Ministry of Science and Technology.China is working to make its genetic research industry into one of the country's pillar industries.A plan approved by the State Council, or China's cabinet, in October 2010 said China will boost the industry by encouraging innovation, promoting industrial application of biological research, fostering market demand and deepening international cooperation.

MOSCOW, Aug. 26 (Xinhua) -- Russia will carry out two unmanned test launches of Soyuz carrier rockets in the coming fall before delivering crews to the International Space Station (ISS), local media reported on Friday.Citing a source, RIA Novosti news agency said that one of the Soyuz rockets was scheduled to send a new Progress M-13M space freighter to the ISS.On Wednesday, a Progress M-12M cargo ship failed to reach the orbit after the engine of a Soyuz-U carrier rocket turned off during the ascend. Soon after the accident, Russia announced it will temporarily ground all Soyuz rockets.Due to the accident, Russian space authorities have put off Thursday's launch of a Soyuz-2 carrier rocket from the Plesetsk Space Center in northern Russia and a launch of a manned space ship from Baikonur space center in Kazakhstan.After the retirement of the U.S. shuttle fleet, Russia's Soyuz spacecrafts have become the only way for astronauts to reach the ISS until at least the middle of the decade.

LOS ANGELES, July 28 (Xinhua) -- Mainly due to rampant obesity, Americans' life expectancy is one-and-a-half-year shorter than that of Western Europeans on the average, according to a new study published on Thursday.But 40 years ago, Americans could expect to live slightly longer than Europeans, said the study jointly conducted by researchers from University of Southern California (USC), the Harvard School of Public Health and the RAND Corp., a non-profit think tank.In addition to Western Europeans, Americans also die younger than the residents of most other developed nations, according to the study appearing in the July issue of Social Science & Medicine.The life-expectancy disparity, which begins around the age of 50, stems from higher levels of middle-age obesity and obesity-related chronic diseases, such as hypertension and diabetes, said the study.In the first half of the last century, average life expectancy increased by saving more babies, said author Dana Goldman, director of the Schaeffer Center for Health Policy and Economics at the USC."But now it is reduction in mortality among the elderly, rather than the young, that propels increases in life expectancy," he said. "The question is whether 'being American' is an independent mortality risk factor."If 50-year-old U.S. adults could be as healthy as Europeans, it could save Medicare and Medicaid 632 billion dollars by 2050, the study said.Though the transition to better health initially raises expenditures, the researchers estimate that by 2050 healthcare savings from health improvements among the middle age could total more than 1.1 trillion dollars."The international life expectancy gap appears much easier to explain than gaps within countries: there is no American-specific effect on longevity beyond differences in disease at age 50," said Darius Lakdawalla, an associate professor in the USC School of Policy, Planning and Development.

SAN FRANCISCO, June 13 (Xinhua) -- Social networking giant Facebook will likely go public in the first quarter of 2012 with a valuation that could top 100 billion U.S. dollars, U.S. media reported on Monday.In a report, CNBC quoted people familiar with the matter as saying that Facebook could submit filing to register its securities with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) as early as October or November this year.People who are on Wall Street and track this information told the business news television channel that they think the Facebook initial public offering (IPO), if and when it happens could value the company of more than 100 billion dollars.A factor in the company's IPO timing is the SEC's requirement that companies must disclose financial information if they have more than 500 private investors."The company has until the end of April 2012 to disclose their financials, but they may just want to get ahead of that by doing a formal initial public offering, I'm told. And that could happen in the first quarter of the year," said CNBC Wall Street reporter Kate Kelly.Facebook is also facing internal pressure as employees have not been permitted to sell their private shares on the secondary market since last spring. An IPO would make it easier for employees to monetize their shares, said Kelly, citing sources.Facebook shares have been traded in private markets such as Sharepost.com, which puts the social networking company's valuation at 85 billion dollars.Meanwhile, latest data show that Facebook is losing users last month in the United States, Canada and several European countries, indicating that the company could have hit the limits of expansion in its mature markets.

BEIJING, July 26 (Xinhuanet) -- Seven of the 20 top selling American prescription drugs will lose their patents by the end of next year, making way for less expensive generic versions, according to media reports.It's a shift that could save consumers billions of dollars -- assuming those big-ticket medications are willing to give up a trusted brand name for an off-label replacement.The prices of medications such as cholesterol-fighting Lipitor and blood thinner Plavix are expected to go down significantly, according to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA).Lipitor will lose its patent in November. When that patent expires, people are advised to buy atorvastatin, the generic equivalent. Other brand names include the anti-psychotic Zyprexa and the rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis drug Enbrel, of which the patent will expire in October and October of next year, respectively.Over the next 10 years, an estimated 120 more brand-name prescription drugs will lose their patents in the U.S.

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