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Scientists and medical professionals across the country are working to learn about the coronavirus’s effect on children. There's still a lot they don't know about how the virus affects children.With children often not showing as many symptoms as adults, experts say kids can help us learn more about the novel coronavirus. Dr. Beth Thielen, a pediatric infectious disease physician and professor at the University of Minnesota, says people could be looking to children, especially as they go back to school, to find out more about the coronavirus."I mean, I hope so. I think this provides a very rich opportunity to understand a lot of basic things about the immune system and why diseases manifest differently in adults and children," says Dr. Thielen.Dr. Thielen says from possible protective measures of the MMR vaccine in children to t-cells, there's so much people can learn from how children's bodies combat viruses."It is thought that t-cells play a substantial role in helping to clear viral infections from the lungs. There are people looking at t-cell responses but they've lagged a bit behind with the data coming out on t-cell responses hasn’t been as prominent as the antibody studies," says Dr. Thielen. She adds, the reason people are looking at t-cells and children is because t-cells decline with age."I think they are critical. We all have them, they work to protect us from infection and potentially they are more efficacious in younger people potentially. Although, I think that really hasn’t been clearly worked out for SARS COV2," says Dr. Thielen.Dr. Jay Varkey, an epidemiologist at Emory Hospital in Atlanta, Georgia, agrees. Dr. Varkey says scientists are also looking into why children older than 10 years old, are more likely to have more serious symptoms with COVID-19."I think the reasons for that are complex. I think part of that might be related to some sort of existing t-cell immunity, and to what that is whether that’s to memory cells that are acting against a previous seasonal coronavirus that would just cause cold like symptoms, or whether its related to something more complex -- I don't think we’re there in terms of understanding," says Dr. Varkey.Dr. Varkey says, while children can help us understand COVID-19 better, it's also up to the adults to make sure they're growing up in a healthy, safe environment."We will learn much from kids but one of the messages we’ve been emphasizing in the hospital is that if we, again- and I answer this both not just as an infectious disease physician but also as a parent to two school age kids--we as adults have a responsibility to try and make our community safe to actually allow in-person learning," says Dr. Varkey."I think that we often think of children as getting a lot of these infections and the fact of the matter is most adults are getting exposed, as well, but our immune systems are sort of experienced at seeing them and we don't get sick," says Dr. Thielen.Dr. Thielen is a member of the Pediatric Infectious Disease Society and says she and other doctors in their scientific groups are advocating for more pediatric research to truly understand how certain diseases, including COVID-19, behave in children. 3217

SAN YSIDRO, Calif. (CNS) -- Vermont Sen. Bernie Sanders held a rally at San Ysidro High School Friday, focusing on his proposals for immigration in his campaign for the 2020 Democratic presidential nomination.The rally at San Ysidro High School touched on an array of topics, from student loan debt, immigration and DACA, climate change, medical care, and President Donald Trump.Watch the rally:In Thursday's debate at Loyola Marymount University in Los Angeles, Sanders said that on his first day as president he would "restore the legal status of 1.8 million young people in the" Obama-era Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) program.Opponents say the program rewards people for breaking the law, encourages illegal immigration and hurts American workers.Sanders also said Thursday that on his first day as president he would "change border policy so that federal agents will never snatch babies from the arms of their mothers" and "introduce bipartisan legislation, which will, in fact, be comprehensive, which will result in a path toward citizenship for all of the 11 million who are undocumented."Sanders also favors expanding the Deferred Action for Parents of Americans policy to bar deportation of parents of children who are either American citizens or lawful permanent residents.Sanders backs completely reshaping and reforming the immigration enforcement system, including fundamentally restructuring Immigration and Customs Enforcement, and establishing standards for independent oversight of relevant agencies within the Department of Homeland Security. 1585

SANTA CLARITA, Calif. (AP) — Students were allowed Tuesday to retrieve belongings left behind when they evacuated their Southern California school last week after a teen shot five classmates, killing two.Classes at Saugus High in Santa Clarita were canceled until Dec. 2, but administrators scheduled counseling sessions this week to help students, staff and relatives deal with last Thursday’s shooting.Investigators still don’t know why Nathaniel Tennosuke Berhow opened fire in a campus quad and then shot himself in the head. The 16-year-old died Friday.RELATED: Mass shootings in the United States: When, where they have occurred in 2019The last hospitalized victim, a 15-year-old girl, went home Monday, according to Providence Holy Cross Medical Center spokeswoman Pat Aidem.A wounded 14-year-old girl was released from the same hospital Friday. A 14-year-old boy was treated and released Thursday.The dead were identified as 15-year-old Gracie Anne Muehlberger and 14-year-old Dominic Blackwell.Thousands of people attended a candlelight vigil a city park Sunday night.RELATED: Santa Clarita high school shooting: 2 killed, 3 hurt; suspected shooter in 'grave' conditionMike Kuhlman, deputy superintendent for William S. Hart Union High School District, said students could pick up their belongings from 10 a.m. to noon Tuesday.“I think I'm just nervous for the kids,” parent Sarah Acosta told KABC-TV. “I think they lost a little of their innocence through this whole thing.”Returning students hugged one another, greeted teachers and pet therapy dogs that were on hand. Outside the school there was a large memorial of flowers, photos and handwritten notes.“It’s with a heavy heart that we approach this task,” Mike Kuhlman, deputy superintendent for William S. Hart Union High School District, said of the retrieval of students’ personal items. “We cannot lose sight of the fact that there are families in our community whose lives have been shattered by the events of this past week.”The district’s 15 other campuses reopened Monday. 2053

SAN FRANCISCO (AP) — San Francisco supervisors moved a step closer Tuesday to becoming the first city in the U.S. to ban all sales of electronic cigarettes to crack down on youth vaping.In a unanimous vote, supervisors approved a ban on the sale and distribution of e-cigarettes. They also endorsed a ban on manufacturing of e-cigarettes on city property. The measures will require a subsequent vote before becoming law."We spent the '90s battling big tobacco, and now we see its new form in e-cigarettes," Supervisor Shamann Walton said.The supervisors acknowledged that the legislation would not entirely prevent youth vaping, but they hoped it would be a start."This is about thinking about the next generation of users and thinking about protecting the overall health and sending a message to the rest of the state and the country: Follow our lead," Supervisor Ahsha Safaí said.City Attorney Dennis Herrera said young people "have almost indiscriminate access to a product that shouldn't even be on the market." Because the Food and Drug Administration has not yet completed a study to assess the public health consequences of e-cigarettes and approved or rejected them, he said, "it's unfortunately falling to states and localities to step into the breach."Most experts agree that e-cigarettes are less harmful than the paper-and-tobacco variety because they do not produce all the cancer-causing byproducts found in cigarette smoke. But researchers say they are only beginning to understand the risks of e-cigarettes, which they think may damage the lungs and blood vessels.Since 2014, e-cigarettes have been the most commonly used tobacco product among young people in the country. Last year, 1 in 5 U.S. high school students reported vaping in the previous month, according to a government survey .FDA spokesman Michael Felberbaum said in a statement that the agency will continue to fight e-cigarette use, including preventing youth access to the products, acting against manufacturers and retailers who illegally market or sell the products to minors and educating young people about health risks.Leading San Francisco-based e-cigarette company Juul frames vaping as a healthier alternative to smoking tobacco. Juul has said it has taken steps to deter children from using its products. The company said in a statement that it has made its online age-verification process more robust and shut down its Instagram and Facebook accounts to try to discourage vaping by those under 21."But the prohibition of vapor products for all adults in San Francisco will not effectively address underage use and will leave cigarettes on shelves as the only choice for adult smokers, even though they kill 40,000 Californians every year," Juul spokesman Ted Kwong said.Tuesday's vote also sets the stage for a November ballot fight over e-cigarettes. Juul has already contributed 0,000 to the Coalition for Reasonable Vaping Regulation, which is set to gather signatures to put an initiative on the issue before voters.The American Vaping Association opposed San Francisco's proposal as well, saying adult smokers deserve access to less hazardous alternatives."Going after youth is a step that you can take before taking these out of the hands of adults," said the association's president, Gregory Conley.Groups representing small businesses also opposed the measures, which they said could force stores to close."We need to enforce the rules that we have in place already," said Carlos Solórzano, CEO of the Hispanic Chamber of Commerce of San Francisco.Walton said he would establish a working group to support small businesses and address their concerns.Although San Francisco's ban is unlike any other in the country, the Public Health Law Center at Mitchell Hamline School of Law reports that all but two states have at least one law restricting youth access to e-cigarettes. City voters last year approved a ban on sales of candy and fruit-flavored tobacco products.Stanton Glantz, a professor of medicine at the University of California San Francisco Center for Tobacco Control and Research and a supporter of the measures, said e-cigarettes are associated with heart attacks, strokes and lung disease.The presence of e-cigarettes, he said, has "completely reversed the progress we've made in youth smoking in the last few years." 4342

Seattle police have moved in to break up the Capitol Hill Occupied Protest (CHOP) after Mayor Jenny Durkan issued an executive order early Wednesday morning declaring the gathering illegal.According to the Seattle Times and KOMO-TV, about a dozen protesters were arrested Wednesday morning as police ordered those present to leave the area.Demonstrators have occupied the Capitol Hill neighborhood of Seattle for about three weeks. The protesters moved in earlier this month after police abandoned the department's East Precinct — which is located in the neighborhood — over fears of riots.While the occupation was largely peaceful for several weeks, the area has seen four shootings since June 20, some of them deadly.The protests began in the wake of the death of George Floyd, and were part of a nationwide protest movement against systemic racism and police brutality.Last month, CHOP leadership released a list of demands calling for the abolishment of the Seattle Police Department, a retrial for all people of color serving prison sentences for violent crime and the de-gentrification of the city, among other demands. 1138

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