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BEIJING, Oct. 16 (Xinhua) -- When the 18 farmers in east China's Anhui Province, their bellies rumbling, stamped red fingerprints on the land-contracting agreement three decades ago, they never expected they might be making history."We had no other choice," said 70-year-old Yan Lixue. Prior to World Food Day this Saturday, he recalled the bitterness and successes from those past days.The elderly man used to be head of the production team at Xiaogang Village in Fengyang County.At that time, Fengyang was dubbed the "hometown of beggars", and was infamous for its poverty. It was the hometown of Zhu Yuanzhang, the first emperor (1368-98) of the Ming Dynasty. Ironically, Zhu, started as an insurrectionary army leader, though he used to be a beggar, too. The local opera in Fengyang was said to be sung for begging, at the beginning.With stubble on his square chin, Yan said his only memory of those days was hunger."At that time, we ate from the 'big cooking pot'," he recalled. The "big cooking pot" referred to the public kitchen. Establishment of the Peoples' Commune was made official state policy in 1958. In the Commune, everything was shared and people were encouraged to eat in the commune's kitchen. Private cooking was then banned and replaced by communal dining.But the food from the "big cooking pot" was not enough. In Yan's memory, the days were horrible when there were fewer than 0.25 kilograms of grain per person."Sometimes people ate wild herbs or bark from the trees," he said.As a result, 67 people died of hunger during the Great Leap Forward from 1959 to 1961 when six out of over 30 households in Xiaogang disappeared. In Fengyang, 90,000 people, or one in four people, died."Sometimes you would see a person tumble and never stand up again," Yan said.The nightmare was shared by another villager, Guan Youjiang."I had four children. When they cried with hunger, my heart ached," he recalled. In his home there were only pots and beds.Yan went out to beg in 1976. At first he begged in nearby Huaiyuan County, and then roamed further to the richer Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces.He then refused to lead the production team any more. "The young people mostly went out to beg and few were left to work on the field."In fact, they were not allowed to beg all year long. "We took turns going out. There had to be someone working for the village."Realizing that they could starve to death, Yan believed that they had nothing to lose, although "signing the land contracting agreement could mean severe penalties, like imprisonment or even execution," he said.

BEIJING, Nov. 1 (Xinhua) -- China has enacted 10 measures to prohibit better than average primary schools and junior high schools from charging "enrollment fees," or selling enrollment quotas, according to a statement posted on the website of the Ministry of Education on Monday.The statement reads, due to the difference in quality among schools, and a shortfall of excellent schools as compared to actual demand, the problem of "enrollment fees" has been reported, particularly in big cities.This is a particular problem in China, where parents pay to secure seats for their children in key schools if their children do not score high enough on entrance exams.The measures include forbidding schools from selling extra enrollment quotas in whatever names or methods, obliging schools to publicly disclose enrollment information, improving sub-quality schools, supporting private schools to enrich superior education resources, carrying out supervision and others regulations.

BEIJING, Oct. 18 (Xinhua) -- Following is Xinhua's translation of the full text of the Communique of the Fifth Plenum of the 17th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC), which was passed on Oct. 18:Communique of the Fifth Plenum of the 17th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China(October 18, 2010)The Fifth Plenum of the 17th CPC Central Committee was held in Beijing from October 15 to 18, 2010.Present at the plenum were 202 members and 163 alternate members of the CPC Central Committee. Members of the Standing Committee of the CPC Central Commission for Discipline Inspection and leading officials of relevant departments attended the meeting as non-voting delegates. Some delegates to the 17th CPC National Congress, including a few from the grass roots and a few experts and scholars, also attended the meeting as non-voting delegates.The plenum was presided over by the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee. Hu Jintao, General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee, delivered an important speech at the plenum.The plenum listened to and discussed the working report delivered by Hu Jintao, who was entrusted by the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, and adopted the "CPC Central Committee's Proposal for Formulating the 12th Five-Year Program for China's Economic and Social Development (2011-2015)". Wen Jiabao made an explanatory speech on the draft proposal to the plenum.The plenum fully recognized the work of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee since the Fourth Plenum of the 17th CPC Central Committee. The plenum unanimously agreed that the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, faced with the fallout of the international financial crisis and sweeping changes in international and domestic landscapes, has thoroughly implemented the guidelines of the 17th CPC National Congress and the First, Second, Third and Fourth plenums of the 17th CPC Central Committee, held high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and followed the guidance of the Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of the "Three Represents," and comprehensively implemented the Scientific Outlook on Development. The Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee has united and led the whole Party, military and Chinese people of all ethnic groups to celebrate the 60th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China, effectively implement the stimulus package to counter repercussions of the international financial crisis, improve macro-regulation in a targeted manner, consolidate achievements in fighting the international financial crisis, accelerate the transformation of the economic growth mode, maintain stable and relatively rapid economic development. The Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee has united and led the whole Party, military and Chinese people of all ethnic groups to make efforts to ensure and improve people's livelihoods, effectively cope with severe natural disasters such as the Yushu earthquake in Qinghai province and the Zhouqu mudslide in Gansu province, successfully accomplish the campaign of learning in-depth the Scientific Outlook on Development by all Party members and successfully host the Shanghai World Expo. The plenum agreed that remarkable progress had been made in various works and programs of the Party and the nation.

NEW YORK, Sept. 21 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi on Tuesday expressed hope that the four BRIC countries -- China, India, Russia and Brazil -- will further strengthen coordination and cooperation.Yang made the appeal as he chaired a meeting of BRIC foreign ministers in New York.Yang told his BRIC counterparts that the four countries have constantly enhanced their cooperation in a more defined direction and within an increasingly mature mechanism, thus increasing their influences in the international arena.He hoped that the four countries will further strengthen coordination, build a solid foundation for cooperation and broaden areas of cooperation so as to uphold the common interests of developing countries.The foreign ministers held discussions over issues including cooperation among emerging market countries, the reform of the international financial architecture and global economic governance as well as international development cooperation.The meeting was held on the sidelines of the UN high-level meeting on the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), which began Monday.On Tuesday, the Chinese foreign minister also held a bilateral meeting with his Russian counterpart, Sergei Lavrov.Yang told Lavrov that frequent contacts at high-levels between China and Russia have fully demonstrated the high standard of Sino- Russian strategic partnership of cooperation.China hopes both sides will further enhance communication and coordination so as to elevate their cooperation in all areas to a new level, Yang said.Lavrov said that Russia is willing to work with China to deepen cooperation in all areas and strengthen coordination and cooperation on major international and regional issues so as to continue to move forward bilateral relations.

UNITED NATIONS, Sept. 15 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao 's upcoming UN visit shows China's full support to the world body as well as the country's firm commitment to tackle global threats and challenges, said Chinese UN ambassador here Wednesday."This has been Premier Wen's second visit to the United Nations since 2008 and the third consecutive year that top Chinese leaders attend UN conferences," Li Baodong, permanent representative of Chinese mission to the UN, told reporters at the residence of the mission.Calling the upcoming visit "an all-around, multi-level diplomatic event," Li said it fully embodies the great importance China has attached to the multi-lateral diplomacy and its firm support to the United Nations. Li Baodong, permanent representative of Chinese mission to the United Nations, speaks to the media at the residence of the mission in New York, the United States, Sept. 15, 2010. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao's upcoming UN visit shows China's full support to the world body as well as the country's firm commitment to tackle global threats and challenges, Li Baodong said here Wednesday.Besides, the visit will help to build the confidence of the international community to address the unexpected global threats including the issues of traditional and non-traditional security, imbalance on development and the not-yet-stable recovery situation of world economy, Li said."Premier Wen will help promote all sides to show political will and firm resolution, jointly gasping chances and meeting challenges, in a bid to build a world of lasting peace and common prosperity," the ambassador said.Wen's UN trip, slated for Sept. 21 to 23, includes a UN summit on the Millennium Development Goals (MDG) and the general debate of the 65th session of the UN General Assembly.During his whirlwind stay in New York, Wen would also meet with U.S. President Barack Obama, UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon, and attend a meeting of leaders from the UN Security Council member states, a discussion panel on the MDG and HIV/AIDS.Li said Wen's visit will also help to enhance UN's role on international affairs.This year marks the 65th anniversary of the founding of the United Nations. Though facing with various new problems and challenges, the United Nations has remained to be the most universal, representative and authoritative inter-governmental organization; the UN Charter has remained to be the foundation of international law and order and the expectations of the international community of the UN has not changed, Li said."Premier Wen's visit will further promote UN's core role in the process of implementing multilateralism and make the world body become an envoy of safeguarding world peace as well as a drive to boost common prosperity," Li said.