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 Two 250,000-year-old teeth from two Neanderthal children revealed that both of them were exposed to lead twice during their short lifetimes, the first known case of lead exposure in Neanderthals.An international team of researchers studied the two teeth, as well as one from a modern human child who lived 5,000 years ago. All of them are from the same archaeological site in southeast France. The results of their analysis were published Wednesday in the journal Science Advances."Traditionally, people thought lead exposure occurred in populations only after industrialization, but these results show it happened prehistorically, before lead had been widely released into the environment," said Christine Austin, study co-author and assistant professor in the Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. "Our team plans to analyze more teeth from our ancestors and investigate how lead exposures may have affected their health and how that may relate to how our bodies respond to lead today."And as with tree rings, researchers used the teeth to determine key events in the children's lives. During childhood, new teeth layers are formed each day, capturing chemical signatures that can be traced."Teeth record environmental variation based on the climate, even where you're growing up," said Tanya Smith, lead author of the study and associate professor at Griffith University. "That's possible because when you're growing, your teeth you actually lock in a record of the chemistry of the water and the food that you're eating and drinking. Because teeth have these tiny timelines, we can relate the chemistry to the growth to calculate ancient climate records. We can't do that with any other element of the body."They were able to determine that one of the Neanderthal children was born in the spring and that both children were more likely to be sick during the colder winter seasons. They lived through more extreme seasons with a greater variation in temperature than the modern human child who was also studied.The intact teeth had growth rings, which the researchers used to measure barium, lead and oxygen. Lasers targeted tiny spots in the teeth to map their chemistry and reconstruct ancient climate records. This reconstruction was able to map a weekly scale of variation, showing when the summer and winter seasons happened and how long they lasted. The researchers related this back to the individual's growth."This study reports a major breakthrough in the reconstruction of ancient climates, a significant factor in human evolution, as temperature and precipitation cycles influenced the landscapes and food resources our ancestors relied on," Smith said.The growth rings also provided evidence of nursing."We were able to identify milk intake through breastfeeding in one individual based on a trace element called barium," Smith said. "We were able to time that to the season."That individual nursed for 2? years, which is similar to modern human children who lived in hunter-gatherer environments. "This is something we may share in common with Neanderthals," Smith said. Unfortunately, although the Neanderthal child survived infancy, it did not reach adulthood. The ages of the children were not included in the study.The researchers believe that the children were exposed to lead environmentally, either inhaling or ingesting it."That must have come from natural deposits in the area, whether they were going into an underground environment or they were eating contaminated food that was incorporated into their growing bones and teeth," Smith said.Smith believes that this research emphasizes the different levels of information that can be taken from teeth."We've now got the ability to integrate ancient climate data with health history, nursing history and illness," she said. "To be able to get all that information from a single sample 250,000 years ago is a unique opportunity."But this doesn't just apply to studying those who lived before us."Dietary patterns in our early life have far-reaching consequences for our health, and by understanding how breastfeeding evolved, we can help guide the current population on what is good breastfeeding practice," said Manish Arora, study co-author and vice chairman of the Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health at the Icahn School of Medicine. "Our research team is working on applying these techniques in contemporary populations to study how breastfeeding alters health trajectories including those of neurodevelopment, cardiac health and other high-priority health outcomes." 4648

(CNN) -- Army Pfc. Glendon Oakley was shopping for a jersey Saturday when a child came into the El Paso, Texas, store and said there was a shooter at the nearby Walmart.Oakley told CNN no one in the store, including him, paid attention because they didn't understand what the child was talking about. Oakley said he then walked to another store.That's when things went wrong."I just heard two gunshots and a whole bunch of people started running around and screaming," Oakley said.As mayhem erupted over the next five to seven minutes, the armed Oakley planned to go with others who ran out of the store toward the gunshots."But I see a whole bunch of kids running around without their parents. Only thing I think of is pick up as many kids I can as possible," Oakley said.He and another man began corralling children. There were about 13, Oakley said, but he could only carry three."I was just focused on the kids, I wasn't really worried about myself. So just put my head down and just ran as fast as I could," he said. "They were anxious, when they were in my arms, they were trying to jump out of my arms but trying to keep them as tight as possible. They are kids, so they don't understand what is going on."Once he saw police, he said he let the kids go and pulled out his phone "in case they were going to shoot me and started recording while I was running."Oakley said he wasn't concerned with his safety, rather getting the children out of harm's way."I was just thinking about if I had a child and I wasn't around, how I would want another man to react if they saw my child running around," Oakley said.Oakley told CNN affiliate KFOX that he did what he was supposed to do and he doesn't want the limelight on him."I understand it was heroic, and I'm looked at as a hero for it, but that wasn't the reason for me ...," he said as he broke down in tears Sunday. "I'm just focused on the kids I could not get and the families that were lost. It hurts me, like, they were part of me. I don't even know the people that died or the kids that I took with me ... I want to reach out to the families that were lost and the families that lost their children because the focus should not be on me."CNN attempted to reach the soldier on Sunday.Oakley said the media's focus should be on the world and the shooting in Ohio."The spotlight should not be on me right now," he said. "I need the media to go out to the families and make sure they're OK ... I understand what I did was heroic, but I did that because that's what I was trained to do and that's what the military has taught me to do." 2599

You may not see them popping up in dispensaries yet, but Oakland just allowed the use of "magic mushrooms" and other natural psychedelics.On Tuesday, Oakland's City Council voted unanimously to decriminalize the use of 'shrooms and other natural psychedelic or hallucinogenic drugs, including cacti, becoming the second city in the country to take this step.The drugs still aren't necessarily legal, but the resolution means police cannot impose criminal penalties for using the natural drugs or use any city funds to investigate or enforce the criminal penalties. Even people currently being prosecuted for these kinds of drugs are now off the hook, according to the resolution. 691

(CNN) - A Boston area man came home from work with his son to find something amiss.He thought that maybe they had been robbed. But upon further inspection, he discovered that nothing was missing and his home was sparkling clean.Nate Roman lives in a single-family home in Marlborough, Massachusetts. Roman tells CNN he left for work the morning of May 15 and came home from picking up his son to find his door was unlocked."[My son said], 'Dad! The door is unlocked.' Which I have done once every blue moon and didn't think anything of it. But when we walked in immediately there was a vibe that something was wrong in the house."He realized that someone may have been in his home because a door he normally keeps open was firmly shut. Roman then went upstairs to check the rest of the house.He discovered his son's room, which was a wreck when they left that morning, was neat as a pin. He found his room in the same pristine condition."Rugs were vacuumed, everything was neat and put away," Roman said.He immediately called the police, and they took the incident very seriously. They cleared the house to make sure no one was still there.Police told CNN affiliate WBZ-TV that they spoke with the neighbors and no one saw anything suspicious. There are no suspects."No crime happened, nothing was missing or damaged, so the police have very little to go on," Roman said.The security system was also not set so cameras that would be activated when the alarm goes off did not get images of the intruder. The time stamp on the door sensors indicated that whoever it was stayed in the house for about 90 minutes.Later, he discovered roses made from toilet paper in the bathroom, a detail that made him realize this was probably the work of a professional. His theory is that a cleaning service came to the wrong address, but his kitchen was untouched which makes him second guess his suspicion.He has since changed his locks and admits that he is still opening cabinets very carefully in case something unexpected was left behind.Roman is hoping to move past the ordeal, but he did keep the toilet paper roses as a souvenir. 2129

 Special counsel Robert Mueller's team on Friday slammed a suggestion by Michael Flynn's lawyers last week that President Donald Trump's former national security adviser lied to the FBI not even a month into his tenure because he was caught off guard when two agents approached him.However, Mueller's office said it would not change its recommendation that Flynn receive no jail time, given he has accepted responsibility for his actions and cooperated with the special counsel.Mueller on Friday also released memos written by the FBI agents, and emphasized that when Flynn lied to them on January 24, 2017, about the substance of his policy conversations with then-Russian Ambassador Sergey Kislyak, he had already lied to several members of Trump's team and was "committed to his false story" that he and Kislyak did not discuss sanctions.Flynn later said he had lied, and will be sentenced next week. 916

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