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Getting from here to there is becoming increasingly more sustainable, in part, by electric cars.“All the cars are getting electrified,” Don Hillebrand, with the Advanced Powertrain Research Facility at Argonne National Labs in Illinois, said. “The minivan and the middle of the road sort of cars and the trucks.”By 2040, more than half of new car sales and a third of all cars on the road across the world are projected to be electric, according to Bloomberg.com.But it raises an important question.“What do you do with these batteries at the end of their life?” Linda Gaines said. Gaines is the chief scientist for Recell Center of Advanced Battery Recycling.“For a long time a lot of us looked at electrification sort of as hype,” Hillebrand explained.Hillebrand works at Argonne National Labs in the energy systems division, focusing on optimizing how energy is used. He sees one big problem in the creation of electric car batteries. “There are not enough fundamental elements that go into batteries for us to make all the batteries we need forever and throw them away when we’re done,” he said.Meaning these elements need to be reused. “The early batteries from 10 years ago are hitting the end of their life,” he said.The global stockpile of these batteries is expected to exceed 3.4 million by 2035, compared to 55,000 in 3018, according to the Institute for Energy Research. Once the battery loses 20 to 30 percent of its capacity, the available driving range gets shorter, so some companies are using them for other purposes.Florida Power and Light is using them for power storage, and Nissan is reusing old Leaf batteries to power Japanese street lights.These companies are repurposing, but researchers think another fix could come in the development stage.“After 10, 15 years, those batteries are going to reach the end of life and we have to do something with them,” Venkat Srinivasan, a battery scientist at Argonne National Labs, said. “We think there are ways in which we can make these batteries last more than 20 years.”And that’s exactly what’s being done inside this facility. The lab he works in is looking into ways to make batteries last longer. But for now, the main focus is on giving them a second life by recycling.“The biggest challenge today in recycling batteries is they’re not economic,” Venkat said.That's where the Recell Battery recycling center and other recycling businesses come into play.“If you can recover the materials in the battery in a usable form,” Linda Gaines explained. “You can actually recover valuable product.” This includes cobalt and other elements. Linda Gaines and Jeff Spangenberger are part of this center. Their goal is to come up with a recycling process that’s profitable.“Some things take more energy and resources to recycle then it did to make them in the first place,” Gaines said. “So, when you’re looking at the whole life cycle of the product, you need to try to figure out what the benefits are and what the costs are to recycle.”To understand size, one pouch cell in an electric car battery is about the size of a tablet. In the generation 1 Chevy Volt there are 288 pouch cells in one battery.Cars have become the biggest user of lithium ion batteries -- even more than consumer electronics, the Institute for Energy Research said.While Recell is looking into ways to make the recycling process more beneficial and profitable, Larry Reaugh with American Manganese, Inc. is doing something similar. “That’s where we come in, we want the battery packs,” Reaugh said. With their process, they are able to recover the elements inside the battery, comparing their operation to a small operating mine.“There’s a lot of money in it, because it’s very valuable material,” he said.As more batteries retire, companies like this will become more important.“There’s a trickle of batteries that are being recycled right now, but there’s gonna be an avalanche of batteries coming in the next 5 to 10 years as cars hit the end of their life,” Hillebrand said. 4027

I.M. Pei, the Chinese born architect who was best known for designing the courtyard to the Louvre in Paris, the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in Cleveland and the Kennedy Library in Boston, has died at the age of 102, the New York Times confirmed. The cause of Pei's death has not been announced. Pei moved to the United States at age 22, and learned from renowned architects such as Le Corbusier. Pei's first professional design was built in Atlanta in 1949. It was a simple mixed-used facility, which was torn down in 2013. In 1964, Pei was picked by John F. Kennedy's family to design his presidential library. The library ended up taking nearly 15 years to complete. In the 1981, Pei's design of the Louvre's pyramid courtyard opened to the public. During his career, he won many awards, including being awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by George H.W. Bush in 1992. Pei was preceded in death by his wife Eileen of 70 years. 946

Four physicians -- experts in pediatrics, infectious diseases and health policy -- have a message for White House Press Secretary Sarah Sanders: Contrary to what she says, it's not clear that the federal government is doing everything it can to care for children crossing the border.And they'd like to help her understand what the government could do better so more children don't die.When asked Friday about the recent deaths of two migrant children in US custody, Sanders told reporters that it was "an absolutely tragic situation" and that "we are doing everything in our capacity to make sure that when people do come, that they're taken care of so we don't have these types of instances."But the physicians say there are steps the government needs to take before Sanders can truthfully say officials are doing "everything in our capacity" to make sure children don't die."In her mind, she may think they're doing everything possible, but we can tell you, you're not doing everything," said Dr. Colleen Kraft, president of the American Academy of Pediatrics. "Look at the facts. The record shows us that more needs to be done."Dr. Buddy Creech, a pediatric infectious disease specialist, said authorities need to do thorough reviews of the children's deaths before declaring that everything possible is being done to prevent more deaths."In hospitals, when someone has a tragic event, a near miss, a drug error, we don't lead with 'we're doing everything we can.' It's ideal to lead with 'let's make ourselves open to self-criticism to make sure that we're taking care of the people who come to us for help,' " said Creech, associate professor of pediatrics at Vanderbilt University Medical Center."The real tragedy would be to say we're doing everything we can when we're not," he added.Internal reviews of the children's deaths are being conducted within the US Department of Homeland Security.Here are three things the physicians say the government could be doing better.Triage children more effectivelyOver the past several years, the United States has seen a large influx of children coming across the border.Before about 2013, about 90% of migrants apprehended at the border were adult men. In contrast, last month, 59% of apprehended migrants were families or unaccompanied minors, according to the Department of Homeland Security.That means about 1,400 to 1,500 unaccompanied minors or family members are apprehended every day, according to the agency."This has created enormous strain on our resources as we tackle the issue of how to deal with large numbers of kids," said Andrew Meehan, US Customs and Border Protection's assistant commissioner for public affairs.There's also been an uptick in the number of apprehended migrants who are ill, Homeland Security officials said at a briefing last week. They said border officers transport dozens of apprehended migrants to hospitals every day."We are doing all we can to handle this flood as humanely and professionally as possible," an official said.Homeland Security Secretary Kirstjen Nielsen has asked the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to look into the causes of the migrants' illnesses. She also said that children will receive a "more thorough hands-on assessment" as soon as possible after they're apprehended and that the US Department of Defense has been asked to provide additional medical professionals.Taking care of children -- especially such a large number of children -- requires special training and expertise, said Kraft, president of the pediatricians' group."Children are not just little adults; they have a whole physiology all their own," Kraft said.For example, she points out that children, much more than adults, can look fine but actually be quite ill."A child can be running around and playing while their little systems are breaking down," she said. "When they triage these children and they don't have that pediatric oversight and expertise, they're going to miss kids who don't look like they're ill when they really are."Kraft said she was pleased that on Wednesday, Customs and Border Protection Commissioner Kevin McAleenan reached out to her to ask whether the American Academy of Pediatrics could become involved in giving 4249

House Majority Leader Steny Hoyer announced Tuesday that the House will vote Friday on legislation to extend the September 11th Victim Compensation Fund.The measure is expected to easily clear the House and will then be sent to the Senate."I'm pleased to announce the House will vote this Friday on the Zadroga Pfeifer Alvarez 9/11 #Renew911VCF," Hoyer 365

Federal Judge Amy Berman Jackson on Thursday dramatically restricted Roger Stone's ability to speak publicly about his case after he published an Instagram post with what appeared to be the crosshairs of a gun drawn behind her head.Stone may now not speak publicly about the investigation or the case or any participants in the investigation or the case."Period," Jackson said.The development will in effect silence one of the most outspoken and politicized former advisers of President Donald Trump, as Stone fights against special counsel Robert Mueller in a case related to his interactions in 2016 with Russians and the Trump campaign.Jackson made her revision to her previous court order that had prevented Stone from speaking in and around the courthouse. Jackson's new mandate came swiftly and sternly in a court hearing in which Stone got tripped up by his own story and apologies.Four days ago, Stone had posted then removed a photo of Jackson on Instagram that had crosshairs -- or what Stone called a "Celtic cross" -- behind her head. His lawyers had drawn up a written apology to Jackson Monday, which Stone said he signed but did not write. That's when Jackson ordered him to court, prompting Stone to fly in from Florida to Washington, DC, Thursday morning.His defense counsel kicked off the hearing by having Stone reiterate his apology -- this time under oath, from the witness box. But as soon as Jackson jumped in to question Stone, he began to contradict his explanations for the post and for his remorse.Jackson said she did not believe his testimony, and believed he understood how inflammatory the image he posted was, especially among his followers."Roger Stone fully understands the power of words and the power of symbols. There's nothing ambiguous about crosshairs.""What he chose," she said, "had a more sinister message.""In the world of social media, there's no such thing as a take-back," she added.Ultimately, Jackson said Stone from now on could issue no more statements on the radio, no press releases, no blogs, no media interviews, no Facebook, Twitter, Instagram or Snapchat posts about the case, which has drawn him several interviews and media attention since his January 25 arrest. No statements can be made on his behalf by spokespersons, family members or even "many volunteers," either, Jackson said, citing some of the people around him whom Stone tried to say found the offensive photo and had access to his cell phone.As he listened to the judge tighten his speech restrictions, Stone closed his eyes, leaning back with his head in his hands. Several times, he attempted to argue his side over the judge's questioning, or grimaced, gestured broadly and licked his lips while he spoke.His time on the witness stand had not gone smoothly, and Jackson had grown impatient with his imprecise and changing answers as testimony.At one point, Stone tried to explain that he didn't select the image with the crosshairs for any particular reason -- that it was random, and he wasn't thinking what it could mean. On the same day, prosecutors pointed out at the hearing, Stone criticized the judge and spoke about his case to the media, including on the conservative radio show "Infowars," and even claimed the media had unfairly targeted him because of the post.Still, he offered a full mea culpa to Jackson in court. "I don't offer any rationalization or excuse or justification. This is just a stupid lack of judgment," Stone testified in the dramatic 90-minute hearing in a packed courtroom."I regret it," the longtime Republican political operative and self-described "dirty trickster" added. Jackson did not accept Stone's explanation, at one point using air quotes when she said the word "apologize.""Thank you, but the apology rings quite hollow," she said."No, Mr. Stone, I'm not giving you another chance," she added.If Stone violates her order again, Jackson said, he could be detained."This is not baseball," she added. "There will not be a third chance."Stone did not comment to reporters upon leaving the courthouse. He is currently out on bail and able to travel in and around Washington, New York City and in South Florida, where he lives.Instagram postStone testified that a volunteer working for him had downloaded the picture of Jackson, but he himself wrote the post and published it. He said he did not know who the person was — no one among his bevy of helpers would confess to finding the photo, which appeared to come from a conspiracy website, nor could he remember who his helpers were on Monday, he testified.The first post was a picture of Jackson with what appeared to be the crosshairs of a gun drawn behind her head. Stone's caption called special counsel Robert Mueller a "Deep State hitman," said his case was a "show trial" and implied that Jackson was biased as an Obama appointee and because she had ruled on a Benghazi-related case and "incarcerated Paul Manafort." "#Fixisin," Stone added to his post.Soon after, he replaced the post with a cropped image of Jackson, this time with the crosshairs cut out. He also slightly altered the text about Mueller and added a few more hashtags.Then, the post got pulled.Jackson brought printouts of the posts into court Thursday. She began the hearing reviewing both a gag order she had placed on Stone's case last Friday, and the terms of his release as he awaits a criminal trial. One of the terms following his arrest is that he cannot attempt to intimidate others, including judges and other officers of the court.Gag order in Manafort caseJackson has been down this road before. In the criminal case against Stone's longtime colleague Paul Manafort, Jackson revoked Manafort's bail and sent him to jail eight months after his arrest because prosecutors accused him of attempting to reach out to witnesses.Manafort, Donald Trump's former campaign chairman, had been on house arrest.Stone's attorneys had argued for him to keep the ability to speak broadly about his case and politics. Writing and public speaking were essential parts of who Stone is, they said. Again on Thursday, Stone's defense attorney Bruce Rogow argued the Instagram post was indefensible, and that Stone wouldn't cross the line again.Stone was charged in late January for lying to congressional investigators about his efforts to communicate with WikiLeaks as he sought to help the Trump campaign damage Hillary Clinton in 2016. He also faces charges of obstruction and witness tampering. Jackson so far has been especially sensitive to the witness intimidation allegation, reminding Stone multiple times that he cannot contact potential witnesses in his case.He has pleaded not guilty to the charges. 6703