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SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — UC San Diego researchers are testing a technology that's been in development for more than a decade to fight the coronavirus.In lab experiments, "nanosponges" covered in human lung cell membranes and immune cell membranes were found to attract and neutralize the SARS-CoV-2 virus in cell culture, according to a UCSD release. This caused the virus to lose about 90% of infectivity, or its ability to hijack cells and reproduce.The tiny sponges are designed to impersonate and protect healthy cells by soaking up harmful pathogens and toxins, according to Liangfang Zhang, a nanoengineering professor at the UC San Diego Jacobs School of Engineering. RELATED: San Diego company's COVID-19 test gets emergency approvalFor example, the nanoparticle covered in membranes from cell types the virus is known to invade latch on to the virus. This prevent the virus from then entering an actual human cell."Traditionally, drug developers for infectious diseases dive deep on the details of the pathogen in order to find druggable targets. Our approach is different. We only need to know what the target cells are. And then we aim to protect the targets by creating biomimetic decoys," said Zhang.While Zhang has spent the last 10 years developing the technology, his lab turned to using the nano-particle to fight the coronavirus when the pandemic hit.RELATED: Scripps Research's antibodies study shows signs of success against coronavirusNow, the first data on the technology's ability to battle the virus is being released after testing by researchers at Boston University."Another interesting aspect of our approach is that even as SARS-CoV-2 mutates, as long as the virus can still invade the cells we are mimicking, our nanosponge approach should still work. I’m not sure this can be said for some of the vaccines and therapeutics that are currently being developed," said Zhang.UCSD researchers will test the nanosponges’ effectiveness in animal models in the next few months and are moving as fast as possible to eventually test the technology in humans. RELATED: Startup creates mobile COVID-19 testing clinic on wheelsNanosponges have a massive amount of testing ahead before they make it to human tests, Zhang said."I see potential for a preventive treatment, for a therapeutic that could be given early because once the nanosponges get in the lung, they can stay in the lung for some time," Zhang said. "If a virus comes, it could be blocked if there are nanosponges waiting for it."(Read more about the study and nanosponges here.) 2562

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) -- With a string of recent fires in San Diego County and statewide, it’s no secret that so-called fire season, which California fire agencies say is now year round, is getting worse.So far this year, Cal Fire has battled nearly 3,800 wildfires that have so far scorched more than 292,000 acres.That figure shows a sharp increase from previous years and is far above average for this time of year.According to Cal Fire, the last five years have, on average, seen just over 118,800 acres burned statewide by this time."We are seeing more destructive, larger fires burning at rates that we have historically never seen," said Jonathan Cox, Cal Fire regional Battalion Chief.The increasing danger even has agencies like the US Department of Agriculture warning of the risks. As far as major fire incidents, so far this year there have been well over 100. Check out the map below to see this year’s major fires:Related Links: 955

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — Two new studies published this week suggest people with blood type O have a lower likelihood of catching COVID-19 and developing severe illness than people with other blood types.Blood type is a characteristic we inherit from our parents and there are four major blood groups: A, B, AB and O.Danish researchers looked at nearly 500,000 people who tested positive for COVID-19 and found that people with type O were underrepresented.In a study published in the journal Blood Advances, the researchers found 38.4 percent of those infected had type O when that type actually makes up 41.7 percent of the population in that area.The researchers say the findings suggest people with type O are less likely to get infected in the first place.On the other hand, the team found that people with type A blood were overrepresented: 44.4 percent of those infected had type A compared to an expected value of 42.4 percent. The researchers suggest people with type A might be more at risk.Another study, also published in Blood Advances, looked at 95 critically ill patients in Canada. They found people with type O or type B blood tended to have a shorter stay in the intensive care unit, an average of nine days for those blood types compared to 13.5 days for people with type A or AB.They also reported that people with type O or type B were less likely to need a ventilator, with 61 percent of cases requiring mechanical ventilation compared to 84 percent for people with blood type A or AB.“Yes, there may be some of these associations. I don't think it's fully understood at this point,” said Dr. Christian Ramers of Family Health Centers of San Diego, who was not involved in the studies.The science on COVID-19 risk and blood type is mixed. These two new studies align closely with a previous study in China and another in Europe, but a third study in the U.S. found no significant link between severe COVID cases and blood type.At this point, doctors aren’t sure why blood type might affect outcomes with the disease, but there are several theories.“The immune system is an incredibly mysterious and complicated thing that we don't fully understand,” Ramers said. “Blood type sort of plays into that because people with different blood types actually have slightly different immune systems and immune responses.”Your blood type impacts the kind of antibodies you produce. That is why it is so important in blood transfusions to get the right blood type; blood from the wrong donor can trigger antibodies that attack those red blood cells.People with blood type O have two sets of antibodies, known as anti-A antibody and anti-B antibody. People with type A or B only have one or the other.Researchers in the Canadian study hypothesized that the anti-A antibody in particular may help control the coronavirus. People with blood type O and blood type B produce this kind of antibody. Individuals with type A or type AB do not.People with blood type O also have characteristics that make them less prone to issues with blood clotting, a major issue in severe cases of COVID-19.Experts say that if type O blood is protective against the virus, it’s not by a large amount.And this protective benefit doesn’t extend to all pathogens. Past studies have shown people with type O are more at risk from a type of bacteria that can cause ulcers and cholera. 3369

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — With schools temporarily closed because of the coronavirus, a Carlsbad librarian is providing the comfort of a library to students one driveway at a time.Calavera Hills Elementary librarian Lindsay Rudy started drive-by storytimes Wednesday, but has already found her schedule filing up with requests."I'm definitely surprised," Rudy said. "It makes my heart so happy."RELATED: San Diego County libraries go digital to fight spread of coronavirusRudy said the service started after she contacted a family and asked if they would be interested in storytime. Soon, others also signaled their interest."It brought me back to feeling like I was right there with them at the school," Rudy said. "The only difference was no hugs."Before school closures hit the Carlsbad Unified School District, Rudy checked out several books from the library to have on hand and to help continue interest for the California Young Reader Medal, a program where students vote for their favorite books.RELATED: Kids can design their own Disney park online with 'Imagineering in a Box'Discussion isn't solely on the plot during storytime. Rudy says the interactions also help spark conversations around life, especially at a time when kids are dealing with a lot of emotions."It really just made me happy we were able to continue that connection," Rudy said. "The biggest part of the job that I love, you have stories that appeal to a kid but also discussion."And while the change has also been sudden for herself, Rudy says CUSD has made the pivot to virtual learning seamless and supportive.RELATED: Woodward Animal Center launches 'critter cam' amid social distancingSo she can focus on feeding hungry readers new stories — at a safe distance."There's always, even in an age of technology, there's always a place for a book and always a place for a library," Rudy said.You can follow along with Rudy's drive-by storytime project on Instagram here. 1951

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - U.S. Attorney General Jeff Sessions discussed record-setting drug seizures in San Diego today.Rep. Duncan Hunter, Rep. Darrell Issa, and U.S. Coast Guard Commandant Adm. Paul Zukunft joined Sessions at the news conference at the Tenth Ave. Marine Terminal.Coast Guard officials offloaded more than 50,000 pounds of cocaine and heroin since the beginning of August. The drugs have a street value of almost 0 million."By preventing overdoses and stopping new addictions before they start, enforcing our drug laws saves lives," Attorney General Sessions said. "This record-breaking year by our Coast Guard saw the arrest of more than 600 suspected drug traffickers and kept nearly half a million pounds of dangerous drugs from getting to our streets--and ultimately to our neighbors, friends, and families."Adm. Zukunft said the Coast Guard has seized more than 455,000 pounds this year - more than all of last year."These drugs represent the scale of the threat transnational organized crime poses to our nation and to all peaceful nations of the Western Hemisphere," Adm. Zukunft said. "The Coast Guard and Justice Department, along with interagency partners, are determined to commit our efforts to detect, interdict, investigate and prosecute the entirety of these criminal networks and end the drug fueled instability and violence in the region."Between 2002 and 2011, the Coast Guard said information obtained from apprehended suspects has led to the arrest and extradition of more than 75 percent of drug kingpins.City News Service contributed to this report. 1593

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