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The opioid crisis cost the U.S. economy 1 billion from 2015 through last year — and it may keep getting more expensive, according to a study released Tuesday by the Society of Actuaries.The biggest driver of the cost over the four-year period is unrealized lifetime earnings of those who died from the drugs, followed by health care costs.While more than 2,000 state and local governments have sued the drug industry over the crisis, the report released Tuesday finds that governments bear less than one-third of the financial costs. The rest of it affects individuals and the private sector.The federal government is tracking how many lives are lost to the opioid crisis (more than 400,000 Americans since 2000), but pinning down the financial cost is less certain.A U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention report from found the cost for 2013 at billion. That’s less than half the cost that the latest report has found in more recent years. The crisis also has deepened since 2013, with fentanyl and other strong synthetic opioids contributing to a higher number of deaths. Overall, opioid-related death numbers rose through 2017 before leveling off last year at about 47,000.A study published in 2017 by the White House Council of Economic Advisers estimated a far higher cost — just over 0 billion a year. The new study notes that the White House one used much higher figures for the value of lives lost to opioids — attempting to quantify their economic value rather than just future income.The actuaries’ report is intended partly to help the insurance industry figure out how to factor opioid use disorder into policy pricing.It found that the cost of the opioid crisis this year is likely to be between 1 billion and 4 billion. Even under the most optimistic scenario, the cost would be higher than it was in 2017.The study was released just ahead of the first federal trial on the opioid crisis, scheduled to start next week in Cleveland where a jury will hear claims from Ohio’s Cuyahoga and Summit counties against six companies. The counties claim the drug industry created a public nuisance and should pay.The report found that criminal justice and child-welfare system costs have been pushed up by the opioid epidemic.Most of the added health care costs for dealing with opioid addiction and overdoses were borne by Medicaid, Medicare and other government programs, according to the report. Still, the crisis rang up billion in commercial insurance costs last year. Lost productivity costs added another billion.Businesses have begun noticing. Last week, a small West Virginia home improvement company, Al Marino Inc., filed a class-action lawsuit against several companies, claiming the opioid crisis was a reason its health insurance costs were skyrocketing.Still, the biggest cost burden fell on families due to lost earnings of those who died. Those mortality costs alone came to more than billion last year, the report said.Members of a committee representing unsecured creditors helping guide opioid maker Purdue Pharma’s bankruptcy process have been calling for money in any settlement to go toward to people affected by the crisis and not just governments. 3225

The Defense Department has decided not to proceed with three border wall projects in California and Arizona, citing "insufficient contract savings," according to a court filing.The move appears to be a setback for President Donald Trump, who has sparked controversy for dipping into Pentagon funds to build his signature border wall, though it's unclear what will happen to the projects listed in the filing.Last month, Secretary of Defense Mark Esper approved an additional 20 miles of 30-foot-high barriers for the southern border using .5 billion in funds redirected from a counter drug account, which is authorized to spend money on border barrier construction for the purpose of blocking "drug-smuggling corridors."Although then-acting Defense Secretary Patrick Shanahan had earlier approved some 135 miles of fencing requested by the Department of Homeland Security in the Yuma, El Paso and Tucson sectors, the cost of constructing that section of the border wall was less than originally anticipated, freeing up funds to support the additional 20 miles approved by Esper.The Pentagon notified the court of the additional miles at the time, noting the Army Corps wouldn't know the exact amount of savings to move forward with the projects until later in the fiscal year.Monday's court filing, however, reveals that there were not enough funds to cover the costs of the projects."Based on its work in definitizing the contracts for the original Section 284 projects, [the Army Corps] has determined that there are insufficient contract savings to undertake the three additional Section 284 projects authorized by the Secretary of Defense on August 26, 2019," the filing reads. "Therefore, the Department of Defense has decided not to pursue Yuma Sector Projects 4 and 5, and Tucson Sector Project 4 at this time."The President's decision to tap into Pentagon funds for his wall has been legally challenged by the Democratic-controlled House and advocacy groups.In July, the Supreme Court cleared the way for the Trump administration to use .5 billion from the Defense Department to construct parts of a wall along the southwestern border that the government argues is necessary to protect national security.The decision allows the Defense Department money to be spent now while a court battle plays out over whether the government had the authority to divert funds that were not appropriated for the wall.The administration is using funds appropriated for the wall, as well as Defense Department funds, to fulfill the President's pledge to erect new barriers along the southern border. As of August 23, the administration has updated roughly 60 miles of wall on the US-Mexico border, according to Customs and Border Protection and the Army Corps. Construction activities to mount new wall in the Rio Grande Valley sector is underway, according to the agencies. 2881

The Dow Jones Industrial Average dropped as many as 900 points in early trading Monday morning as fears the spread of COVID-19, better known as coronavirus, paralyzed the market.As of 2:30 ET Monday, the Dow was still down about 900 points.Gold prices also surged following reports of increases in COVID-19 in China and around the world.Markets in South Korea and Italy led the decline on Monday, falling nearly as much as 4.6%. Markets are down across Europe and Asia, while futures for U.S. benchmarks have also dropped sharply. Tokyo's markets are closed for a public holiday. South Korea, Iran, and Italy reported a large jump in new cases, potentially disrupting the world economy more deeply than expected. China's leaders promised more help for companies and the economy. Economists note it will be hard to avoid a big hit to the global economy at least in the current quarter. 896

The American Lung Association said on Wednesday that it is advocating to the FDA to take action to reduce what it calls "false" claims that e-cigarettes are a safe alternative to smoking tobacco. The American Lung Association has a campaign known as "Quit. Don't Switch," which encourages smokers to quit altogether rather than switch to vaping. Vaping, the American Lung Association says, should not be considered a safer alternative to smoking tobacco. "One of the biggest problems with e-cigarettes is that many people have switched to e-cigarettes believing it will help them quit tobacco products, which it doesn't," says Albert A Rizzo, M.D., American Lung Association Chief Medical Officer. "Many of them become dual users, meaning they smoke cigarettes when they can and use vaping devices at other times." Rizzo said that e-cigarettes are having a negative effect on reducing smoking rates by introducing young people to smoking who might be attracted to the products due to the flavors. "E-cigarettes have not been found to be safe and effective in helping smokers quit," Dr. Rizzo said. "They were designed to appeal to people who wanted to use something beside a cigarette, or in addition to a cigarette. Instead of helping smokers quit, e-cigarettes have rapidly created another generation addicted to tobacco products by marketing products that appeal to kids, including flavored products like gummy bear, unicorn blood and bubble gum – even apple juice." 1481

The NCAA has announced that all winter and spring championships for this academic year have been canceled, which includes the men's and women's basketball tournaments, which were slated to begin next week. The announcement also impacts other major tournaments such as the Frozen Four and the College World Series.The move was made as coronavirus cases spread nationally. The announcement also comes as MLB, MLS, NHL and NBA all have decided to postpone contests indefinitely. The NCAA released the following statement:"Today, NCAA President Mark Emmert and the Board of Governors canceled the Division I men’s and women’s 2020 basketball tournaments, as well as all remaining winter and spring NCAA championships. This decision is based on the evolving COVID-19 public health threat, our ability to ensure the events do not contribute to spread of the pandemic, and the impracticality of hosting such events at any time during this academic year given ongoing decisions by other entities." 1001