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Three strangers brought together by chance are now forever bonded by a life-changing ten minutes.Those moments were the difference between life and death for an 8-month-old girl, Hazel Nelson, who was diagnosed with Transposition of the Great Arteries (TGA) and Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.A little over a week ago, the little girl had a close brush with the unthinkable when a quick trip to run errands took an unexpected turn."She was blue as blue could be. The bluest baby I've ever seen. Lifeless," said Deanna Berning, an Emergency Room nurse. "No signs of life whatsoever."Hazel is diagnosed with a rare heart condition and coded that Wednesday inside Walmart. "I seriously thought she was dead," said Hazel's mother, Jackie Nelson. "I was so panicked. I mean, I know CPR, but I was so panicked and she started doing CPR and before you know it, the other nurse was doing CPR."That's when two strangers, connected by happenstance, stepped in. One woman was a pediatric nurse, and the other worked as a trauma nurse. Both gave life saving breaths and chest compressions to little Hazel."I started to kind of feel her pulse start to come back and flutter when I was doing CPR by myself but I just kept doing compressions because that's obviously not a normal heartbeat and you've got to get blood going everywhere.""I'll just never forget when she opened her eyes and there was so much relief," said Mariah Thurman, pediatric nurse. "I was like, 'She's going to be OK, she's going to be OK."Those moments of panic are what Hazel's mom knew could be a possibility. But she never expected it to happen so soon."Even having a sick kid, I was thinking this isn't going to happen to me," Nelson said. "I know CPR but you are panicked and I'm lucky that there's people there who seriously saved her life."Hazel was rushed to the hospital and returned home last Wednesday."When we got to the hospital, I told Brandon that I didn't even get the chance to thank those women, and they just saved her life," Nelson said.A Facebook post reconnected the three women. On Sunday, Hazel reunited with her heroes.None had planned on being at Walmart that day, but all say, it was a meeting of more than chance."I don't know why we ended up at that Walmart. We have one at home. Why did I go to that one? I don't know. We just ended up there," Berning said.Berning had just taken a course about a week earlier to become a certified instructor in infant CPR.Thurman also hadn't planned her trip to Walmart."The other nurses at work say it's a good thing you were there, and my response is always 'Somebody would have done it, too. Somebody else would've been there,' " Thurman said. "But then I think, by the time I got over there, she wasn't breathing, and no one was doing anything.""I do feel like it was fate. And I feel like even though Hazel is sick, she's meant to be here, and she's a fighter. And she's fought so hard for her life. She's an inspiration because she's always smiling," said Nelson.Hazel spent a few days in the ICU after the incident. She turned home to her family in Minden, Iowa, last Wednesday. 3157

To end the pandemic, there need to be enough people immune to COVID-19 and there are two ways to do that: immunity through infection or from a vaccine."I think racing to herd immunity is the dangerous thing that I’m concerned about," said Dr. Stuart Ray, a professor of medicine at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.Herd immunity is when the spread of the infection cannot be sustained because the number of people who are immune is high enough. Some countries are considering it as a strategy to combat COVID-19.But Ray said it could not work in the US unless much more effective treatments are developed.He says on average, a newly infected person infects two others, so to have herd immunity from COVID-19 about 60 percent of people would have to become immune."We would have something like another 100 million people, maybe more, infected. 150 million more and even if the major complication rate is a fraction of 1 percent, we will still have huge numbers of deaths," said Ray.He said we also don’t know if just having had the infection once will create lasting immunity to control the spread."It possible that you could be immune enough not to get sick and still not immune enough to prevent that spread and so herd immunity is a tough bar for us to aim for because not only do we need 60 percent of people to be immune but we need them to be immune in a way that prevents them from infecting other people," said Ray.The other way to achieve herd immunity would be through a vaccine."Vaccines can work better, provide better immunity than the natural infection does. The new shingles vaccine provides great immunity and protects more than 95 percent of people from getting shingles," said Ray.Several vaccines are still going through the last phase of clinical trials to see if any also creates enough immunity to prevent passing the virus along.This story was first reported by Abby Isaacs at WMAR in Baltimore, Maryland. 1946

Top officials tapped with developing, approving and distributing COVID-19 vaccines say they're on track to begin distributing the first doses in the coming weeks and plan to vaccinate 100 million Americans by the end of February.In a press conference on Wednesday, Health and Human Services Director Alex Azar said the FDA would meet on Dec. 10 regarding Pfizer's vaccine candidate and on Dec. 17 regarding Moderna's vaccine candidate. The agency is currently reviewing both for Emergency Use Authorization.Both companies have been manufacturing doses of their candidate for several months in the hopes of ramping up supply in case of approval. Hundreds of thousands of doses of both doses will be ready for delivery as soon as approval is granted.Dr. Moncef Slaoui, Operation Warp Speed's chief advisor, stressed that the data from the vaccine trials are "clear" and shows both candidates to be safe and effective.According to Gen. Gus Perna, the operation's chief operating officer, the Department of Defense is prepared to deliver several million doses of both Pfizer and Moderna's vaccine upon approval. He said Wednesday that states are required to submit their "microplans" for Pfizer vaccine delivery to the Pentagon by the end of the week, and for the Moderna vaccine by the end of next week."The states know their populations the best," Perna said.Both Moderna's and Pfizer's vaccine candidates require two shots that need to be taken 28 days apart, and both vaccines need to be stored at ultra-cold temperatures before use.Slaoui said Wednesday that government officials expect 20 million Americans to be vaccinated by the end of December and that they project 100 million Americans will be vaccinated by the end of February.On Tuesday, an FDA panel recommended that health care workers and patients in long-term health facilities would be the first to receive the vaccine. Experts believe the vaccine will be available to everyone who wants it by spring 2021.Slaoui said Wednesday that government officials expect 20 million Americans to be vaccinated by the end of December and that they project 100 million Americans will be vaccinated by the end of February.Slaoui added that a one-shot vaccine candidate produced by Johnson & Johnson and a vaccine being developed by AstraZeneca could reach efficacy thresholds by the end of the month and that their approval would improve supply.Also on Wednesday, Azar stressed that new antibody treatments for COVID-19 are now available to any patients older than 65 who are not in the hospital. He also urged anyone who has recovered from COVID-19 in the last three months to donate their blood plasma to aid in those antibody treatments.The press conference was held the same day that officials in the United Kingdom granted emergency approval for the Pfizer vaccine. 2832

There have been 80 confirmed cases of the polio-like illness known as AFM in 25 states this year as of Friday, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said Monday.In addition, there are 139 cases under investigation for a total of 219 confirmed and suspected.This is eight more confirmed cases than the agency reported last week and 20 additional patients under investigation.The CDC noted an increase in reports of patients under investigation who began experiencing symptoms in August, September and October. It has not identified the 25 states with confirmed illnesses, nor has it said how many states are reporting cases under investigation.AFM, or acute flaccid myelitis, is a rare illness that affects the nervous system, especially the gray matter in the spinal cord, and can cause muscle weakness and sudden onset of paralysis. Last month, the CDC said that 90% of patients since 2014 have been children under the age of 4, although adults can also develop AFM.Other symptoms include drooping of the face or eyelids, difficult eye movement, trouble swallowing or slurred speech.Research is underway to determine the cause of AFM, although there is a focus on enteroviruses, which can cause respiratory illness and West Nile virus, and other viruses in that family.According to the CDC, there have been 404 confirmed cases in the United States since August 2014. The number of cases may be higher, but the condition is not subject to mandatory reporting, so not all cases are reported to state health departments and therefore may not be counted by the CDC."Even with an increase in cases since 2014, AFM remains a very rare condition. Less than one in a million people in the United States get AFM each year," the CDC says.AFM peaks every other year seasonally in late summer and fall. but experts have yet to identify a single factor geographically or otherwise to explain the cause. Also unknown: why some patients recover and others have prolonged effects. 1985

TRAVERSE CITY, Mich. (AP) — A federal grand jury has indicted six men on charges of conspiring to kidnap Michigan Gov. Gretchen Whitmer.In October, the men were arrested in what authorities describe as a plot by anti-government extremists angry over the Democratic governor's policies to prevent the spread of the coronavirus.U.S. Attorney Andrew Birge announced in a statement that the indictment was handed down Wednesday.According to an indictment released Thursday, Adam Fox, Brandon Caserta, Ty Garbin, Kaleb Franks, and Daniel Harris, all of Michigan, and Barry Croft of Delaware, allegedly began to plan the kidnapping last summer.According to the indictment, they allegedly conducted surveillance of Whitmer's rural vacation home and practicing the use of firearms and explosives.On August 23, Garbin, Franks, and Caserta met up with Harris near his residence in Lake Orion, Michigan, to examine each other’s identification documents to make sure they weren't undercover law enforcement agents or informants, according to the affidavit.WXYZ reports that federal agents were infiltrated among the group as either confidential informants and undercover FBI agents.According to the indictment, Fox ordered ,000 worth of explosives from an undercover agent in September.Fox also ordered a taser in October, WXYZ reported. Fox was also photographed at the governor's summer home drawing a map of the property.According to WXYZ, Fox, Garbin, Franks, and Harris were arrested after showing up in Ypsilanti, Michigan, to pay the undercover FBI agent posing as a co-conspirator for the explosives. The feds say they will turn over all the evidence to defense attorneys by Jan. 15 and that the trial could last three weeks, WXYZ reported.According to WXYZ, a trial date has not been set, but it will be held in Grand Rapids.Defense attorneys have said their clients were "big talkers" who didn't intend to follow through on the alleged plan.WXYZ's Jim Kiertzner contributed to this report. 1997