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As the U.S. enters into colder weather, masks meant to prevent the spread of COVID-19 won't be the only face coverings one sees out on the street.It's led many to wonder: Is a mask necessary if I'm already wearing a scarf over my nose and mouth?Health experts say: Not so fast. Doctors say the best masks to wear during the winter are the same you would wear all-year-round.RELATED: How old is too old for a face mask?They also warn that when masks get wet -- say, due to breath perspiration catching on a face-covering -- they need to be laundered or replaced immediately."We have the paper, surgical masks – when those masks get wet, they need to be thrown away," said Dr. James Kravec, Chief Medical Officer at Mercy Health Youngstown in Ohio. "The cloth masks – when those get wet, they need to be laundered right away. Either mask, when they're wet, they're no longer effective."Kravec advised to put a COVID-preventative mask on first before layering up with a scarf, hat and gloves. This article was written by WCPO. 1046

For Tammi Fitzgerald, being a flight attendant was an adventure. So much so, she thought she’d never want to retire from American Airlines. "I don't think there's a flight attendant out there that doesn't have a love affair with what they are doing," Fitzgerald says.But things took a turn after a strange incident in 2010. While on one flight, Fitzgerald says she smelled an unusual odor that made her sick. "My eyes were watering,” she describes. “I had a headache that was like on the front of my head, and it was just a bass drum and my nose started dripping." Fitzgerald compared the smell to the odor of moldy socks. Since then, Fitzgerald says she experienced several of what the airline industry calls "fume events.” "It's like kind of sticking and exhaust pipe out your car into your cabin and not doing anything about it," says Dr. Susan Michaelis, an aviation health and safety consultant. Michaelis, a former pilot, has a PHD in safety science. Some of her research on fume events has been published by the World Health Organization. Some experts say fume events happen because part of the air passengers breathe is pulled through the jet's engine. If it mixes with oils and chemicals and then goes into the cabin, they say it can make people sick. According to research done at Kansas State University, there are on average five fume events a day in the U.S. Judith Anderson with the Association of Flight Attendants worries it's a larger problem. "Because airlines are not required to report what are called fume events when they happen on the ground, that estimate of five or so per day is an underestimate of what's actually happening," Anderson says. Boeing disputes this, saying “cabin air is safe to breathe" and "exposure to trace levels of organophosphate contamination" is not harmful. "The initial symptoms can be flu-like symptoms, stomach cramping so you might think, ‘I’m coming down with something,’” Anderson says. “Many people report symptoms consistent with exposure to carbon monoxide gas, like headache, dizziness, fainting, disorientation, those sorts of symptoms." American Airlines told us they train crews to report fume events. Southwest says they use the modern Boeing 737, which has systems to keep the cabin safe. JetBlue didn't have an answer to our questions. Several airlines didn't respond at all. As for Fitzgerald, she says she had to take leave from her job because of fume events, and she eventually retired. Medical records show she was suffering from inhalation irritation. Fitzgerald says she’s still dealing with health issues and wants others to be aware. 2622

On his urban farm, Sean Conway is doing more than cultivating his next crop. He's helping grow the next generation of farmers. Conway is a mentor at the GoFarm incubator program, which pairs young farmers with established ones. “I wish that there was like an incubator program available to me in the Denver area at the time, because it would have helped me out a lot,” Conway says. After seven years of farming, Conway says he struggled at first. “I didn't really have enough experience to start farming on my own, so I made a lot of mistakes,” he admits. Now, the GoFarm incubator program is making sure these apprentices don't make the same mistakes Conway did. The program is a mix of hands-on training and classroom work, creating a path to farm ownership. “Two percent of the U.S. population is actually in an agricultural career, which is pretty crazy, so trying to increase the amount of farmers we have will affect the entire community,” says Natalie Fioretti with GoFarm. Apprentice Shelby Johnson knew she wanted to be a farmer, but had no idea where to begin.“The odds are really, really stacked against young farmers in a lot of ways, and especially as a young, queer woman of color from the south, it's like quadra stacked against me,” Johnson says. Johnson says thanks to GoFarm, she has resources and opportunities to network, while learning from older farmers.There are farming training programs like GoFarm across the country. GoFarm’s program lasts two years, with the hope of its benefits lasting much longer. For more information on the GoFarm program and its mission, 1602

Online interaction with one another has gotten to the point where websites and apps are having to remind us how to act. The neighborhood app Nextdoor has gotten a reputation for sometimes strange posts that can prompt mean and off-color responses.There's a whole Twitter account dedicated to examples. Now, Nextdoor has rolled out a new feature to try and keep some civility online. It's called a "Kindness Reminder." If you try and post a response that's similar to one that's been flagged in the past, you'll get a reminder of the community guidelines and that they can change your response. But you can still post what you want. “One of the problems of the age we're living in is that people don't necessarily share a common understanding of what counts as civil interaction,” said Keith Bybee, a professor of law and political science at Syracuse University.Bybee says some people are strategically not civil or just plain rude in order to attract attention. You see it in politics and trolling behavior. But in the end, civility benefits everyone. “Civility is sort of the lubricant that makes social interaction possible,” Bybee said. “It allows us to live in a diverse, heterogeneous society but nonetheless coordinate our actions for common purposes, so it’s important to find a way to get along with strangers.”Ultimately, you have to care what the other person thinks of you to achieve civility. 1418

BALTIMORE, Md. – For 95-year-old Betty Cooke, her lifelong passion of turning metal into wearable works of art began in the 1940s. “I was always interested in making things, whether it's metal clay or whatever,” she said. “And I kind of took to this and I had a good feel for the simplicity of it.” It’s a simplicity celebrated not just at her Baltimore store, but also at the Baltimore Museum of Art. “They really stand out, they're really sculptural, they're really dimensional – they move on the body,” said Virginia Anderson, Baltimore Museum of Art Curator of American Art. Betty’s works are just one part of “2020 Vision,” a pledge by the museum in 2020 to only purchase art by female artists. “Of course, it was duly noted that this is this centennial of white women receiving the votes in the United States,” said Christopher Bedford, Director of the Baltimore Museum of Art. “So, we thought ‘well, this would be a great moment to analyze our collection, begin to understand some of our historical deficits.” How big are those gender deficits? A study last year published in the Public Library of Science looked at 18 major museums in the U.S. and found that 85 percent of the artists in their collections were white and 87 percent were men. This, despite the fact that half of the professional artists in the U.S. are women. At the Baltimore Museum of Art, the disparity is even more lopsided. “We have roughly four percent,” Bedford said. “Four percent of our collection is works by women.” Now, though, with 21 of their 23 curators being women, the Baltimore Museum of Art plans to spend at least .5 million this year, acquiring pieces by female artists – like those created by Betty Cooke. “This is a big moment for the women,” Cooke said. “I hope and I expect it to continue and I think it's pretty great.”Another recent study found that smaller museums seem to be doing better than larger ones, when it comes to buying works by female artists. Larger museums, though, point out that they often face not just financial constraints, but also by what art wealthy donors choose to offer the museums. 2126