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BERLIN, Jan. 17 (Xinhua) -- Researchers in Germany have found a cheap and easy way to synthesize anti-malaria drug in large quantities from waste materials, said the Max Planck Society on Tuesday.Currently there are nearly one million people die worldwide each year due to lack of effective drugs, as sweet wormwood, from which artemisinin, the effective essence to fight malaria can be extracted, only grows in China, Vietnam and a few other countries.However, researchers in Germany have now developed a simple process for the synthesis of artemisinin in laboratory, using artemisinic acid, a substance contained in the by-product, or waste materials of the isolation of artemisinin from sweet wormwoods, as row materials of synthesizing artemisinin."The production of the drug is therefore no longer dependent on obtaining the active ingredient from plants," said Peter Seeberger, director at the Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces in Potsdam and professor at Free University of Berlin.The artemisinic acid in the waste material boasts a volume 10 times greater than the active ingredient itself, said Seeberger, and they could be turned into artemisinin in four and a half minutes in a so-called continuous-flow reactor.Seeberger estimated that 800 of the reactors would be enough to cover the global requirement for artemisinin, and the whole innovative synthesis process could be ready for technical use in three to six months.Malaria is a disease caused by parasites that are transmitted to people through the bites of infected mosquitoes. In 2010, malaria caused an estimated 655,000 deaths, mostly among African children.

WASHINGTON, Oct. 13 (Xinhua) -- U.S. researchers have corrected sickle cell disease in adult laboratory mice that had been bred to have the inherited blood disorder by activating production of a special blood component, according to a study published online Thursday in the journal Science.Sickle cell disease results from an abnormality in hemoglobin, the protein found in red blood cells that is responsible for transporting oxygen throughout the body. People living with sickle cell disease have two copies of an altered gene that produces sickle hemoglobin instead of normal adult hemoglobin. Sickle hemoglobin changes shape after releasing its oxygen, causing the red blood cell to become stiff, misshapen and sticky, and slowing blood flow to tissues. This process damages organs and causes pain.The study tested a new approach to increasing the production of a third form of hemoglobin -- fetal hemoglobin. Production of fetal hemoglobin predominates before birth, but turns off thereafter as adult hemoglobin production takes over. People with sickle cell disease are unable to make normal adult hemoglobin, and instead make sickle hemoglobin starting in infancy.An elevated level of fetal hemoglobin within the red blood cell reduces the tendency of sickle hemoglobin to change the shape of red blood cells. Considerable research has shown that the drug hydroxyurea increases production of fetal hemoglobin and reduces the number of pain crises and other complications of sickle cell disease in adults and children. However, not all patients respond well to hydroxyurea, and adverse side effects are a concern.The current study explores a more targeted approach to increasing fetal hemoglobin production. It builds upon earlier studies that discovered a protein called BCL11A normally suppresses the production of fetal hemoglobin soon after birth. The researchers viewed the BCL11A protein as a target for therapy and decided to see what would happen if they blocked production of the protein.The paper details how the research team silenced the mouse gene that produces the BCL11A protein in mice with sickle cell disease. Silencing the gene turned off production of the BCL11A protein and allowed the adult mice to continue to produce fetal hemoglobin. It appears to have eliminated disease symptoms without affecting other aspects of blood production."This discovery provides an important new target for future therapies in people with sickle cell disease," said Susan Shurin, acting director of the U.S. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, which co-funded the study. "More work is needed before it will be possible to test such therapies in people, but this study demonstrates that the approach works in principle."Approximately 100,000 Americans live with sickle cell disease. It is most prevalent in people of African, Hispanic, Mediterranean, and Middle Eastern descent. There is no widely available cure for sickle cell disease. Bone marrow transplants have cured some patients, but the treatment is not without risk and most patients do not have relatives who can donate compatible and healthy bone marrow to them.

BEIJING, Oct. 21 (Xinhua) -- China on Friday urged the European Union (EU) to recognize its full-market economy status at an early date and properly settle trade disputes amid the tumbling world economy."China hopes Belgium will exert its influence to push for an early recognizing of China's full-market economy status and remind the EU to be cautious on and restrain from using trade remedy measures," Vice Premier Wang Qishan told visiting Crown Prince Philippe of Belgium.Wang urged the 27-member bloc, also China's largest trade partner, to properly settle trade disputes with China during the talks at Diaoyutai State Guesthouse in downtown Beijing.Chinese Vice Premier Wang Qishan (R) shakes hands with Belgian Crown Prince Philippe in Beijing, capital of China, Oct. 21, 2011."China has contributed a lot to the world economy by recording a 9.4 percent growth in the first three quarters of this year while adjusting its economic structure and managing inflation expectations," Wang said.Prince Philippe, accompanied by a 450-member business delegation, is here to tap the Chinese market and seek investments from China, the world's top holder of foreign exchange reserves.During the 10-day trip, the delegation will visit the Chinese cities of Tianjin, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Shanghai and Chongqing and is expected to sign about 40 contracts.Wang said China will expand two-way investment with Belgium, and enhance support to the two states' small and medium-sized enterprises via the China-Belgium direct equity investment fund.China-Belgium trade has continued to surge since the two states forged diplomatic ties in 1971, when the bilateral trade volume was only 20 million U.S. dollars, much less than the 22.1 billion U.S. dollar record in 2010."We could expand cooperation in two-way investment, trade, finance, chemical industry, environmental protection, logistics, and green economy," Wang said.

BEIJING, Dec. 28 (Xinhuanet) -- A second city in East China's Fujian province will require those buying emergency contraceptive pills to show identification, Xiamen Daily reported on Wednesday.Citizens in Xiamen city of East China's Fujian province will now be asked to provide proof of identity, following a similar rule of the province's capital city of Fuzhou,According to the rule issued by Xiamen Food and Drug Administration, all pharmacies should check the buyer's ID card, register names and numbers as well as contact information, before selling pills to them.Some citizens fear the rule could invade people’s privacy. While others point out the rule may hinder efforts to protect teenagers from unplanned pregnancies.Despite the requirement, it is believed some will still be unwilling to register authentic personal information.