成都治疗下肢静脉曲张费用(成都维生素治疗前列腺肥大) (今日更新中)

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — The back-to-back announcements of promising clinical trial results from Pfizer and Moderna may usher in a new era for vaccine technology.Both companies have candidates that rely on a new kind of vaccine strategy: RNA. Preliminary data show both candidates are more than 90 percent effective.On the surface, the vaccine candidates look like any other you’ve taken. They work by training your body to build up defensive weapons against a virus, like antibodies and T-cells.But instead of training your body by introducing a killed virus or a fragment of a virus, the vaccines from Moderna and Pfizer introduce a set of instructions called messenger RNA enclosed in a little blob of fat.“The key concept of RNA is that they’re messages, and they’re meant as short-term messages,” said Dr. Shane Crotty of the La Jolla Institute for Immunology.Crotty said there are 5,000 to 10,000 messages within a cell at any given time.Once administered, the mRNA in the vaccine instructs some of your cells to make the coronavirus’ signature spike protein. The spike protein on the surface of the coronavirus allows it to infiltrate and hijack cells.Even though the spike protein is just one of about 25 genes the virus has, preliminary results from the clinical trials suggest it is enough material to train the immune system without making the recipient sick.Crotty likened the process of training the immune system to spotting a sedan. If the coronavirus is a car, the spike protein might be the door.“There's no way that car door could turn into a whole car, but it's enough of a piece of a car for your immune system to recognize that car if it saw it again,” he said.Scientists started by sequencing the virus’ DNA from a sick patient, then encoding that genetic sequence into an mRNA instruction molecule that can be read by the manufacturing part of cells.From there, Dr. Crotty said it’s a bit like the messenger app Snapchat.The mRNA gets injected into the body, sending temporary instructions to your cells that last for a while, then disappear. mRNA does not genetically modify cells, he stressed.“They’re around as messages for some period of time and then they go away, and the cells get back to their normal job of reading their own messages instead of reading the messages you’re injecting in the vaccine,” he said.The concept has been around since the 1990s, but there are currently no RNA vaccines on the market for any pathogen, so Dr. Crotty said it’s hard to estimate how long their protective effects will last.Some vaccines offer a lifetime of protection, like the measles vaccine. Others offer decades of protection. The flu vaccine only lasts about six months.Dr. Crotty said the length of protection depends on how fast the virus mutates and how long the immune cells survive in the body.But even if the COVID-19 vaccine turns out to need an annual update, he’s optimistic. The best feature of RNA vaccines is that they can be quickly reprogrammed.Both Moderna and Pfizer are still in their Phase 3 trials, but they expect to finish them by December. Together, they estimate they’ll have enough doses for about 35 million people by the end of this year, primarily for healthcare workers and high-risk individuals. 3250

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - Swings and slides sit still across San Diego County, with caution tape wrapped around jungle gyms. Signs warning of coronavirus exposure tell hopeful parents and children the playgrounds they love are still closed.And no one seems to know when that will change."Kids do get infected with COVID, just like adults do," says Dr. Mark Sawyer, a Pediatric Infectious Disease Physician at Rady Children's Hospital."This is why we're worried about kids gathering because they potentially could get infected there and bring the infection home to more high-risk individuals who live in their house."Playgrounds have been closed since the start of the pandemic in March.ABC 10News reached out to San Diego County Officials to see if they have any guidelines in place. A spokesperson referred us to the State Reopening Guidelines.In hundreds of pages of reopening guidelines and plans, the word "playground" only comes up a handful of times. One is in the Industry Guidance for Campgrounds, RV Parks, and Outdoor Recreation. It advises campgrounds that "Playgrounds should also remain closed."Another time is in the State's new Blueprint Activity and Business Tiers for reopening. It specifies that Family Entertainment Centers can reopen Indoor Playgrounds at 50% capacity once their county reaches the Yellow or least restrictive tier.Parents and some lawmakers are growing frustrated at the lack of clarity for City and County-owned playgrounds at parks.On Tuesday, a group of two dozen state lawmakers sent a letter to Governor Gavin Newsom asking him to create clear guidelines for reopening. San Diego Mayor Kevin Faulconer tweeted his support for the letter.Doctors, however, urge caution."Playgrounds are gold mines for transmissions for other diseases," says Dr. Christian Ramers, an Infectious Disease Specialist at Family Health Centers of San Diego."Kids get runny noses. There's a lot of touching there. Kids are touching everything with their hands. So I think there's uncertainty."Still, studies show kids need outdoor physical activity. A recent report from the American Academy of Pediatrics reinforced guidelines that say kids 3-5 years old should get 3 hours of physical activity every day. Kids 6-17 need at least one hour."I really think kids should be able to play," says Dr. Jaime Friedman, a Pediatrician with Children's Primary Care Medical Group. She says small groups should be able to use playgrounds as long as they wipe down equipment and maintain social distancing."But, I think it would be hard to mandate that everybody has to do it in that way or make a schedule of who can be on the playground..."The important thing is that they need to make sure they're washing their hands, not touching their face, and if other kids show up, or other families show up, then you probably want to get out of there," Dr. Friedman says.There's also a mental health aspect to the debate, as studies show outdoor play helps kids avoid anxiety, depression, and negative feelings.Rady Child Psychologist Brent Crandal says it's up to parents to get creative with play and find other outdoor options."We can take advantage of all the spaces near playgrounds that seem to be open to the public," Dr. Crandal says. "There are hiking trails. There are beaches. There are a lot of outdoor areas to take advantage of."Many parents have decided to break the rules and let their kids use playgrounds anyway. Some playgrounds have added padlocks on swingsets and slides to enforce the rules.In the meantime, City and County leaders say they can't do anything until the state releases specific guidelines for playgrounds.Doctors say the best way to get playgrounds open again is to work towards eliminating the virus."The only way to control this is community-wide effort to follow the guidelines which are basically wearing a mask and staying away from other people," says Dr. Sawyer from Rady Children's Hospital. "If we do that, we're going to win this battle." 3984

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - The City Attorney's Office has obtained gun violence restraining orders against 10 San Diegans they say "posed a serious danger to themselves and others."The orders require the gun owners to surrender or sell all their firearms and not to acquire or possess any firearms or ammunition for one year, which is the maximum length of time allowable by law."Our federal government is inexcusably ignoring the growing problem of gun violence in our schools and communities. The City of San Diego will not tolerate federal inaction," City Attorney Mara Elliott said in a release. "We’re doing everything in our power to respond to this epidemic of senseless killing by removing guns from the hands of unstable and irresponsible gun owners."RELATED: San Diegans demand stricter gun laws from legislatorsThe cases presented by the office include individuals believed to be suffering from mental health problems:"A 23-year-old ex-marine who had developed a paranoia that all males wanted to harm him. He had walked into a Kearny Mesa auto parts store with a loaded handgun, but called police before shooting anyone.A 39-year-old San Carlos man who, while intoxicated (at three times the legal limit), believed he was shooting at raccoons and rats in his backyard. Terrified neighbors called police as bullets flew into their backyards.A 60-year-old otay mesa man who grabbed a .38 revolver and fled his home after his family discovered he was molesting his grandchild. The man was arrested with the gun in his vehicle.An 81-year-old man from Carmel Mountain who threatened to shoot his 75-year-old wife and a neighbor because he believed they were having an affair. His wife escaped the house, barefoot, by climbing a fence and running through cactus. His family reported him to be in the early stages of dementia.A 53-year-old Allied Gardens man with significant mental health issues who used a firecracker to damage a neighbor’s front door. Neighbors called police after hearing what they thought were gun shots coming from his apartment. Officers seized a bayonetted rifle and two illegal high-capacity magazines from his apartment.A 38-year-old Allied Gardens man who threatened to kill himself, his wife, and their young child if she left him. His wife had overheard him distraught and crying in the bathroom, and cocking his .40 caliber pistol.A 28-year-old Mission Valley man who grabbed a gun case and threatened suicide. When his exgirlfriend tried to call for help, he grabbed her by her hair, threw her on the ground, and pushed her head into a wall. Police seized two handguns, two rifles, and a shotgun.A 33-year-old Mid-City man who locked his wife in a car with him, threatening her with a loaded firearm. When the San Diego Police Department arrived on the scene and searched the car, they found a meth pipe along with two loaded firearms that did not belong to him. He later surrendered a Glock 9mm and a .380 handgun.A 35-year-old Allied Gardens man with a small arsenal and a history of domestic violence, whose wife suffered a serious laceration to her forehead and feared he might kill her. The man owned a 9mm pistol, a mosquito semi-automatic pistol, a Ruger .22, a Springfield .40 caliber pistol, a Ruger rifle, a Mossberg shotgun, and an unmarked handgun.A 40-year-old La Jolla man who told his fiancé by text message that he wanted to shoot her in the head, then visited his fiancé’s ex-boyfriend and threatened to kill him while holding a knife behind his back. The man surrendered a handgun and an AR-15, the semi-automatic rifle." 3601

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — The environmental community is concerned that individuals using masks are disposing of the face-covering properly.Dimitri Deheyn is a Scripps Institution of Oceanography research scientist and studies biodegradable objects, something disposable masks are not. He said around the world, researchers are seeing an increase in trashed masks on beaches, which will ultimately end up in the ocean and harm wildlife and our ecosystem.In addition, when the disposable masks are thrown away, the string can become a danger to animals if not cut, so he said if you have to use disposable masks, cut the string that goes around the ear.Deheyn has been working with a company based in Austria called Lenzing that typically makes eco-friendly comfortable clothing from fibers that can degrade, making them better for the environment. He said the company shifted to making biodegradable masks when the pandemic hit, and he’s helped test them.“Basically test them, we put them in the seawater and see if they degrade and yes they degrade,” he said.He said there are U.S. companies that make a similar product, and this is what people should be wearing instead of disposable masks. He said reusable masks are another solution to helping save the environment.“If you are acting as an individualistic human being, and you oppress nature, at the end this could be very bad for us as a human society,” he said, encouraging everyone to do their part. 1457

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - The coronavirus pandemic is preventing many seniors in skilled nursing facilities from seeing their families. UC San Diego students are working to help combat their loneliness with their Sunshine 4 Seniors project. Students would spend their weekends visiting seniors as part of a volunteer project before classes were canceled at UC San Diego. The pandemic halted their visits. "We came up with this project, which was creating cards for seniors at St. Paul Senior Services," says student Olivia Michael. The goal of the project is for students to "step in and fill the loneliness and isolation that the senior citizen communities are feeling, especially during this pandemic," says Morgan Montoya. The students say loneliness in seniors can have damaging effects on the brain. "Olivia and I are near-cognitive science majors," says Montoya. "Our majors really helped us to understand the problems that loneliness poses. With senior citizens having an abundance of isolation and loneliness, it can actually deregulate the brain and cause a progression of Alzheimer's or depression."The Sunshine 4 Seniors project launched nearly a month ago. So far, more than 200 cards have been sent to seniors in skilled nursing facilities. The students say there are thousands of seniors who are not allowed to see their loved ones during this time. They hope to spread some sunshine to as many seniors as they can. "The goal is just to get as many people writing cards as possible," says Michael. "Any means that you have to do it, I just encourage you to get started." 1586

来源：资阳报