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BEIJING, July 20 (Xinhuanet) -- Some U.S. soldiers returning from the Middle East have acquired constrictive bronchiolitis, a kind of lung damage virtually unknown in young adults, according to U.S. News & World Report."Respiratory disorders are emerging as a major consequence of service in southwest Asia," said study author Dr. Matthew S. King, an assistant professor of pulmonary and critical care at Meharry Medical College in Nashville, Tenn."In addition to our study, there have been studies showing increases in asthma, obstructive lung disease, allergic rhinitis and a general increase in reports of respiratory symptoms," he added. "Most of the patients say they can’t seem to catch their breath when exerting themselves."On the other hand, Anthony Szema, a physician and engineer at Stony Brook University in New York, has examined a soldier and found tiny complexes of titanium and iron in the man’s lungs, where metals can cause severe damage.Mined separately, the two metals could have gotten together only through a manufacturing process, Szema reported. While the metals’ origin is unclear, he presents a new case study, suspecting garbage-burning pits or exploding devices sent them airborne.While the cases in the study represent only a few dozen people of the hundreds of thousands serving in the Middle East, there is no estimate of how many more might have bronchiolitis.it is recommended that soldiers exercise caution in the field until more is known. Soldiers are now told to wear a mask when burning garbage.

WASHINGTON, Aug. 3 (Xinhua) -- The annual number of new HIV infections in the United States was relatively stable at approximately 50,000 new infections each year between 2006 and 2009, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's first multi- year estimates from its national HIV incidence surveillance find.However, HIV infections increased among young men who have sex with men (MSM) between 2006 and 2009, driven by alarming increases among young, black MSM -- the only subpopulation to experience a sustained increase during the period.According to the new estimates, there were 48,600 new HIV infections in the United States in 2006, 56,000 in 2007, 47,800 in 2008 and 48,100 in 2009. The multi-year incidence estimates allow for a reliable examination of trends over time. They reveal no statistically significant change in HIV incidence overall from 2006 to 2009, with an average of 50,000 for the four-year period. In 2009, the largest number of new infections was among white MSM (11,400), followed closely by black MSM (10,800). Hispanic MSM (6, 000) and black women (5,400) were also heavily affected.The new estimates were published Wednesday in the on-line scientific journal PLoS ONE."More than 30 years into the HIV epidemic, about 50,000 people in this country still become infected each year. Not only do men who have sex with men continue to account for most new infections, young gay and bisexual men are the only group in which infections are increasing, and this increase is particularly concerning among young African American MSM," said CDC Director Thomas Frieden. " HIV infections can be prevented. By getting tested, reducing risky behaviors, and getting treatment, people can protect themselves and their loved ones."

BEIJING, Aug. 2 (Xinhuanet) -- The first close-up pictures of the asteroid Vesta, a protoplanet that dates back to the early days of the solar system, were revealed Monday by NASA scientists.The images were taken by the U.S. space agency's Dawn robotic probe, which is two weeks into a planned year-long survey of the second largest object in the main asteroid belt, located between Mars and Jupiter.About twice the size of California, Vesta is second in size only to Ceres, Dawn's next target and, along with Pluto, one of just five known dwarf planets. NASA is spending 466 million dollars to explore Vesta and Ceres during the course of a 10-year mission.Images from Dawn show Vesta a surprisingly diverse terrain and several unexplained geologic features. Chaotic terrain near the south pole is dominated by a towering central peak and huge ripple-like grooves stretching around its equatorial belt. Bright spots, dark pits and craters are filled with unexplained streaks of black and white debris. Terrain north of the grooves is much more heavily cratered.Scientists believe Vesta grew from a clump of gas and dust left over after the sun's birth some 4.65 billion years ago, a supernova explosion, which added radioactive materials to the growing body.Dawn will spend about a year circling Vesta, tweaking its orbit and altitude using an innovative technology called ion propulsion system, chief engineer Marc Rayman with NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in California said.The ion propulsion system will enable Dawn to leave Vesta's orbit after a year of study and head off to Ceres, which is the largest object in the asteroid belt.

WASHINGTON, July 18 (Xinhua) -- Exposure to secondhand smoke ( SHS) is associated with increased risk of hearing loss among adolescents, according to a report in the July issue of Archives of Otolaryngology -- Head and Neck Surgery.Among U.S. children, approximately 60 percent are exposed to SHS, according to background information in the article. Studies have associated exposure to secondhand smoke prenatally or during childhood with various health conditions, from low birth weight and respiratory infections to behavioral problems and otitis media. Children exposed to SHS are more likely to develop recurrent otitis media, the authors note. "Secondhand smoke may also have the potential to have an impact on auditory development, leading to sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL)," they add.Anil Lalwani and colleagues from New York University Langone Medical Center examined the risk factors for SNHL, including SHS, among adolescents, stratified by demographic groups. They included 1,533 individuals from 12 years to 19 years of age who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2005 to 2006.Participants were interviewed about their health status and family medical history, exposure to SHS, and self-recognition of hearing impairment. In addition, they underwent a physical examination, including blood testing for cotinine (a by-product of nicotine exposure), and hearing tests.Compared with teens who had no SHS exposure, those who were exposed to secondhand smoke exhibited higher rates of low- and high-frequency hearing loss. The rate of hearing loss appeared to be cumulative, increasing with the level of cotinine detected by blood tests. The results also demonstrated that more than 80 percent of participants with hearing loss did not realize they had impairment.As hearing loss early in life can cause problems with development and functioning, the authors suggest that these results have "significant implications for public health in the United States."They note that most adolescents do not receive screening for hearing loss in the absence of risk factors.If further studies replicate these results, they state, SHS could be considered one such risk factor.

SAN FRANCISCO, Sept. 9 (Xinhua) -- AOL's chief executive officer (CEO) Tim Armstrong has reached out to Yahoo for talks of a merger of the two companies, U.S. media reported on Friday.Armstrong is discussing options for a combination aimed at strengthening the two Internet companies, Bloomberg quoted two people who are familiar with the matter as saying.The report said that the AOL CEO had been interested in a merger with Yahoo last year but was rejected while Carol Bartz served as Yahoo CEO, who was ousted by Yahoo's board on Tuesday.Reconsidering the option after Bartz's departure, Armstrong has talked with private equity firms and investment bankers from Allen & Co. working with Yahoo.Under one scenario being considered, Yahoo would acquire AOL and Armstrong would become CEO of the combined company, said the source.Both Yahoo and AOL are suffering from declining revenues, struggling to compete against companies like Google and Facebook. Some analysts said that the merger could not provide a long-term solution to the problems the two companies face after they failed to keep up with Internet trends.