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ROME, May 26 (Xinhua) -- African swine fever, a viral disease deadly to pigs but harmless to human beings, is spreading beyond Russia and the Caucasus region into Europe, the United Nations' food agency said Thursday."African swine fever is fast becoming a global issue," said Juan Lubroth, chief veterinary officer for the Food and Agriculture Organization."It now poses an immediate threat to Europe and beyond. Countries need to be on the alert and to strengthen their preparedness and contingency plans," he said.The disease, for which there is currently no vaccine, was introduced into Georgia from southern Africa late in 2006. It entered through the Black Sea port of Poti, where garbage from a ship was taken to a dump where pigs came to feed, the FAO said.Strategies to tackle African swine fever include quarantine, on-farm security and other measures aimed at minimizing the risk of introduction and establishing of the disease.

MEXICO CITY, May 18 (Xinhua) -- The Mexican government signed an agreement with the non-governmental group TRAFFIC on Tuesday to exchange information about illegal seizures of flora and fauna species in Mexico.The agreement with the wildlife trade monitoring network also called for the Mexican government to provide information on the routes used to transport such organic materials.The agreement was signed on the sideline of the 16th meeting of the Trilateral Committee for Wildlife and Ecosystem Conservation Management in the city of Oaxaca, south Mexico. Representatives of Canada, the United States and Mexico also attended the meeting.Among the list of 20,000 animals, vegetation and insects that TRAFFIC considers to be threatened by illegal trafficking worldwide, 2,500 of the organisms have their origins in Mexico. This amounts to 12 percent of the species most subject to buying, selling and transporting in the black market and threatens the survival of various ecosystems.The Mexican species that are listed among the most threatened by illegal trafficking are the cactus, orchids, reptiles, maguey plants, ferns, amphibians and fish.

BEIJING, April 12 (Xinhuanet) -- Doctors may choose riskier treatment with fewer severe side effects for themselves than they'd recommend for their patients, according to a study in the Archives of Internal Medicine Tuesday. In the study, two sets of questions were sent to primary care physicians around the United States. One involved choosing between two types of colon cancer surgery and the other situation involved choosing no treatment for the flu, or choosing a made-up treatment less deadly than the disease but which could cause permanent paralysis. Of 242 physicians who answered the colon cancer questionnaire, 38 percent went with the treatment that carried a higher risk of death but fewer side effects for themselves. By contrast, only a quarter said they would recommend that treatment to their patients.In the flu scenario, 63 percent chose the deadlier option of no treatment for themselves, versus 49 percent recommending it for patients.The findings are important because patients faced with difficult medical decisions often ask their doctors, "What would you do?" The answer reflects the doctors' values -- not necessarily those of the patients.Doctors should know what their patients value most before giving advice, and patients should ask doctors the reasons behind their answers, said study author Dr. Peter Ubel, an internist and behavioral scientist at Duke University.

UNITED NATIONS, Jan. 26 (Xinhua) -- China on Wednesday welcomed the smooth development of the south Sudan referendum, voicing its hope that the parties in south and north Sudan could reach a consensus at an early date on the outstanding issues through dialogue and consultations.Li Baodong, the Chinese permanent representative to the United Nations, made the statement in an interview with Xinhua after he spoke at the UN Security Council about the Chinese stance on the situation of Sudan.Earlier on Wednesday, the Security Council met to hear briefings from Atul Khare, UN assistant secretary-general for peacekeeping operations, and Ibrahim Gambari, the joint special representative of the African Union-United Nations Mission in Darfur (UNAMID), on the current situation in Sudan."China welcomes the smooth development of the south Sudan referendum, this is the result of the joint efforts of north and south Sudan and the international community," Li said."At present, priority should be given to the following work: First, continuous efforts should be made to fully maintain peace and stability in Sudan to enable the country to realize its long- term peace, stability and development," he said. "Second, efforts should be made to encourage the parties in south and north Sudan to continue their efforts for the full implementation of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA), particularly for a consensus at an early date on the outstanding issues."The referendum, with its week-long polling period ending on Jan. 15, will determine whether south Sudan remains a part of Sudan or becomes independent, in accordance with the 2005 CPA that ended a long-running north-south civil war.The referendum's preliminary results are expected to be announced by Feb. 2, and depending on whether appeals are launched in the courts, the final result will be declared on Feb. 7 or 14.

BEIJING, Feb. 18 (Xinhua) -- China needs to reform funding methods for scientific and technological research in order to boost the nation's innovation capabilities, said officials and researchers attending a conference in Beijing Friday.The management of the government-funded research projects should also be reformed, State Councilor Liu Yandong said at the national conference on science and technology work.Liu stressed that reform, innovation and cooperation should be the keys for China's science and technology work over the next five years, when the government would increase funding for research in new strategic industries, such as new energy, biomedicine and high-end manufacturing.Last year, central and local government spending on science and technology development totaled 380 billion yuan (57.8 billion U.S. dollars), Science and Technology Minister Wan Gang said at the conference.Over the past five years, central government spending on science and technology development had grown by around 20 percent annually.However, some researchers have complained problems in the funding system actually hinder innovation and progress.Inflexibility in the management of government funds allowed researchers little freedom to adapt projects to developments in their fields, said Li Zhenzhen, a researcher at the Institute of Policy and Management under the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).Chen Jie, a research fellow of the CAS' Institute of Microelectronics, said some authorities which oversee the spending of research funds had been rather rigid."In some cases, they are more interested in spending most of the funds on new equipment than scientists," Chen said in an earlier interview with Xinhua. "Without decent pay, it is difficult to attract top scientists to work in China.""Having to solicit and lobby for funding to support the team's research projects leaves me no more than five hours a day for real research," Chen said.Top-level scientific brains are the key to the innovative capability of China, he added.A researcher attending Friday's conference echoed Chen's opinion."China manufactures 65 percent of the world's computers. But to my knowledge, we are still spending about 150 billion U.S. dollars annually to buy computer chips from overseas," the researcher told Xinhua on condition of anonymity.Wan Gang also said imported computer chips cost China more than crude oil purchases last year.But Wan believed that with breakthroughs in frontier areas such as cloning, manned space flight, moon exploration and supercomputers, China could expect a leap in science and technology development in the near future.In October last year, China successfully launched its second lunar probe, Chang'e-2.A month later, Chinese supercomputer Tianhe-1A, which can perform 2.57 quadrillion computing operations a second, was ranked the world's fastest in the TOP500 list compiled by U.S. and European researchers.