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WASHINGTON, July 18 (Xinhua) -- Exposure to secondhand smoke ( SHS) is associated with increased risk of hearing loss among adolescents, according to a report in the July issue of Archives of Otolaryngology -- Head and Neck Surgery.Among U.S. children, approximately 60 percent are exposed to SHS, according to background information in the article. Studies have associated exposure to secondhand smoke prenatally or during childhood with various health conditions, from low birth weight and respiratory infections to behavioral problems and otitis media. Children exposed to SHS are more likely to develop recurrent otitis media, the authors note. "Secondhand smoke may also have the potential to have an impact on auditory development, leading to sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL)," they add.Anil Lalwani and colleagues from New York University Langone Medical Center examined the risk factors for SNHL, including SHS, among adolescents, stratified by demographic groups. They included 1,533 individuals from 12 years to 19 years of age who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2005 to 2006.Participants were interviewed about their health status and family medical history, exposure to SHS, and self-recognition of hearing impairment. In addition, they underwent a physical examination, including blood testing for cotinine (a by-product of nicotine exposure), and hearing tests.Compared with teens who had no SHS exposure, those who were exposed to secondhand smoke exhibited higher rates of low- and high-frequency hearing loss. The rate of hearing loss appeared to be cumulative, increasing with the level of cotinine detected by blood tests. The results also demonstrated that more than 80 percent of participants with hearing loss did not realize they had impairment.As hearing loss early in life can cause problems with development and functioning, the authors suggest that these results have "significant implications for public health in the United States."They note that most adolescents do not receive screening for hearing loss in the absence of risk factors.If further studies replicate these results, they state, SHS could be considered one such risk factor.

NEW YORK, Aug. 19 (Xinhua) -- U.S. crude oil price edged down on Friday, ending the week with a 3.65-percent loss, the fourth straight drop in the week.With absence of major macro-economic news, crude prices on Friday mainly followed the dollar's steps. As the dollar dipped to its historic low against the Japanese yen while dropping also against the euro, oil rallied for most of the trading session.But in the last trading hour, crude turned negative because the dollar bounced back from low and the U.S. stocks turned to red. The dollar index, tracking the greenback's performance against a basket of currencies, fell 0.4 percent.Crude prices fell sharply on Thursday as fears of a double-dip recession triggered sell-off of riskier assets. WTI dropped nearly 6 percent. On Friday, the markets seemed to start calming down. But for the week, it still posted a fall of 3.65 percent.Light, sweet crude for September delivery fell moderately 12 cents, or 0.15 percent to settle at 82.26 dollars a barrel on the New York Mercantile Exchange after trading from 79.17 to 83.55 dollars.But in London, Brent crude for October delivery gained 1.63 dollars, or 1.52 percent to close at 108.62 dollars a barrel. For this week, it gained 59 cents, or 0.55 percent.

SYDNEY, Aug. 16 (Xinhua) -- People sitting in front of TV for hours on end could shorten their life expectancy by almost five years, according to an Australian study published on Tuesday by the British Journal of Sports Medicine.Researchers from the University of Queensland estimate that for every hour adults spend in front of TV, their life expectancy shortens by almost 22 minutes.Those who watched six hours a day lived 4.8 years less than those who don't watch TV.The study is the first in Australia to look into how TV habits affect longevity.The Australian researchers found that watching TV could have a similar negative impact on life expectancy to that of obesity, smoking and low physical activity."People don't realize how it all adds up," the study's lead author Dr. Lennert Veerman told the Australian Associated Press (AAP)."They should try not to watch too much TV and find alternative things to do, preferably things that are light activities," Veerman said.The study was based on data from the Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle study and asked more than 11,000 people aged over 25 about their weekly TV viewing time.The study found that in 2008 Australian adults watched 9.8 billion hours of TV."These findings suggest that substantial loss of life may be associated with prolonged TV viewing time among Australian adults," the study said."TV viewing time may have adverse health consequences that rival those of lack of physical activity, obesity and smoking; every single hour of TV viewed may shorten life by as much as 22 minutes," it said."With further corroborative evidence, a public health case could be made that adults also need to limit the time spent watching TV."Australians are recommended to spend at least 30 minutes a day doing moderate-intensity physical activity to reduce an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease.

WASHINGTON, May 30 (Xinhua) -- After nearly 12 days together in orbit, U.S. space shuttle Endeavour undocked from the International Space Station on Sunday night, NASA announced on Monday.According to NASA, the undocking took place at 11:55 p.m. EDT ( 0355 GMT Monday) as the spacecraft sailed 215 miles (346 km) above Bolivia.Pilot Greg Johnson, at the aft flight deck controls, flew Endeavour in a circle around the station at distances of about 450 to 650 feet. Crew members took still and video images of the station.The Space Shuttle Endeavour is seen as it departs the International Space Station after undocking in this image from NASA TV May 29, 2011.As Johnson was about to begin the flyaround, Commander Mark Kelly radioed mission control that he could see the two-billion-U. S.-dollar Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) particle physics detector Endeavour had brought to orbit. "It's a new day for science on the space station," he said to mission control.The AMS will be left at the space station to scour the universe for clues about dark matter and antimatter. Endeavour is scheduled to land at the Kennedy Space Center at 2:35 a.m. (0635 GMT) on Wednesday.During their stay at the space station, the Endeavour crew conducted four spacewalks to complete construction of the U.S. side of the 100-billion-dollar outpost, a project of 16 nations that has been being assembled in orbit since 1998.They also brought up a logistics carrier with spare parts and performed some maintenance and installation work during the four spacewalks, the last to be carried out by an American shuttle crew.NASA plans to decommission Endeavour, its youngest shuttle with 25 voyages, and send it to a museum in Los Angeles for display.NASA's 30-year-old shuttle program is ending due to high operating costs. The Obama administration wants to spur private companies to get into the space taxi business, freeing NASA to focus on deep space exploration and new technology development.When the U.S. space shuttle program officially ends later this year, the Russian space program's Soyuz capsule will be the only method for transporting astronauts to and from the space station.

SAN FRANCISCO, Sept. 22 (Xinhua) -- Former eBay Chief Executive Officer and California governor candidate Meg Whitman on Thursday was named Hewlett-Packard's new CEO, replacing Leo Apotheker who served 11 months on the job."We are fortunate to have someone of Meg Whitman's caliber and experience step up to lead HP," said the California-based company in a statement."We are at a critical moment and we need renewed leadership to successfully implement our strategy and take advantage of the market opportunities ahead," said the troubled tech giant.It noted that the job of the HP CEO now requires additional attributes to successfully execute on the company's strategy, adding Whitman "has the right operational and communication skills and leadership abilities to deliver improved execution and financial performance.""I am honored and excited to lead HP. I believe HP matters -- it matters to Silicon Valley, California, the country and the world," said Whitman in a statement.Whitman, 55, joined the HP board in January and served as president and CEO of eBay from 1998 to 2008, when she led the company through its initial public offering and massive growth.During her last years at eBay, she is blamed for not being able to halt the sales slowdown and overpaying for the 2005 acquisition of Skype with 4.1 billion dollars. In 2009, Skype was sold by eBay at a valuation of 2.75 billion dollars.Whitman won the Republican nomination for governor of California in 2010. She lost the election to Gov. Jerry Brown after spending more than 140 million dollars of her own fortune on the campaign. EnditemHP said the appointments are effective immediately, following the decision that Apotheker stepped down as president and CEO and resigned as a director of the company.Multiple U.S. media reported on Wednesday that Apotheker was to be ousted, sending HP shares soaring on the market and in the after-hour trading.Apotheker, 58, was named HP CEO 11 months ago to replace Mark Hurd, who was ousted due to a scandal over a personal relationship with a company contractor and then became co-president of Oracle. Before HP, Apotheker had served as CEO of German software giant SAP for 10 months.On Aug. 18, Apotheker announced that HP will shut down its mobile business, spin off its core personal computer business and transfer into a cloud-based software and services provider for businesses including a 10.3 billion-dollar acquisition of British software company Autonomy.Shares of the company plunged 20 percent the following day, the worst one-day loss since Black Monday in 1987.On Sept. 30, 2010, the day before Apotheker's appointment as HP CEO, the tech giant's stock closed at 42.04 dollars. On Tuesday, the price closed at 22.47 dollars, a decrease of 46.6 percent in less than a year.On Monday, HP was reported to begin sending over 500 employees pink slips in the WebOS division, after announcing to stop making WebOS devices in August.

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