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BEIJING, Nov. 27 (Xinhua) -- The key to success at the upcoming Cancun climate change conference rests with the United States and other developed countries.At last year's conference hosted in Copenhagen, developed countries, represented by the United States, failed to make their due commitment to emission reductions, rather, they pointed fingers at developing countries with claims that were groundless.Further, developed countries hampered the efforts to combat global warming as they shied away from their responsibilities. Without any change in their attitude, chances of a successful Cancun conference will be very slim.Developed countries bear responsibility, both due to historical and practical causes. Developed countries, as the earliest industrialized nations, have contributed most to the historical storage of carbon-dioxide (CO2). Practically speaking, these countries rank high in terms of per capita emission, and their citizens' extravagant consumption gives rise to unnecessary emissions. Further, developed countries also have the technological and financial capacity to tackle the problem and offer assistance to the developing world.Historically speaking, developed countries have "sinned" against the world environment when they built their industrial empires on exploiting coal, oil and other natural resources. While they were enjoying the exclusive right to carbon emissions, most developing countries did not even have modern industry and transportation that would produce greenhouse gas emission.Research done by Beijing-based Tsinghua University suggests that developed countries, home to 23.6 percent of the world population, have contributed 79 percent of the aggregate carbon emissions since the industrial revolution.Practically speaking, the annual energy consumption of developed countries represents 64.6 percent of the world's total, while CO2 emissions are 65 percent of the world's total. In per capita terms, China emitted 4.6 tonnes of fossil-fuel-generated CO2 in 2007, less than one-fourth of that of the United States, and half of that in the European Union, according to the Tsinghua University research.Additionally, the International Energy Agency (IEA) reported that the U.S. ranked top in terms of per capita energy consumption, which is five times that of China. Also, the U.S. remains the world's largest consumer of oil, with a daily demand for crude oil standing at 19 million barrels, doubling that of China.Further, China's high carbon emissions are partly due to its lack of energy resources. China is short of oil and gas but rich in coal, and carbon-intensive coal represents two-thirds in its entire energy mix.

BEIJING, Dec. 24 (Xinhua) -- China's health care reform funds - 850 billion yuan (126 billion U.S. dollars) over three years - were mainly used to build a basic medical insurance system for urban and rural residents, said Minister of Finance Xie Xuren Friday.Xie made the remarks at the 18th session of the Standing Committee of the 11th National People's Congress (NPC), a bimonthly session that began Dec. 20 and will end Dec. 25.The government in April 2009 unveiled a 850 billion yuan three-year plan for national health care reform.With the funds, the government promised universal access to basic health insurance, the introduction of an essential drugs system, improved primary health care facilities, equitable access to basic public health services and a pilot reforms for state-run hospitals.Chinese lawmakers attend a meeting of the 18th session of the Standing Committee of the 11th National People's Congress (NPC) in Beijing, capital of China, Dec. 24, 2010. Xie reported that in 2009, the government spent 399.4 billion yuan on health care, with 64.5 billion yuan on the medical insurance system, 24.6 billion yuan on public health services and 21.7 billion yuan on grassroots medical institutions in rural townships and small urban communities.This year's medical and health budget was 443.9 billion yuan, Xie said.By the end of last month, 55.6 billion yuan had been spent on the medical insurance system and 31.6 billion yuan on grass-roots medical institutions, according to statistics from the Ministry of Finance.Xie said the central government will enhance health care reform, strengthen monitoring on the funds' disbursement, and supervise local governments allocation of funds."We will fulfil the 850 billion yuan plan," he said.Thanks to the country's financial support, some 1.26 billion Chinese are covered by the basic medical insurance system, with 424 millon of them in cities and towns and 835 million in rural areas.Under the medical insurance system, governments in urban and rural areas this year paid no less than 120 yuan per person per year in subsidies, with about 60 to 75 percent of inpatient medical expenses being reimbursed.According to Vice Minister of Health Zhang Mao, improving the medical insurance system and decreasing the cost of individuals' medical treatment helps ensure affordable health services for all people.Regarding the increased cost of health care, Zhang urged state-run hospitals to seek less profit and stop over-treating.To make the payment of medical expenses convenient, the government is promoting the use of a one-card system, to allow patients to be reimbursed as soon as possible, Hu Xiaoyi, vice minister for human resources and social security, told lawmakers.According to Hu, more than 800 million cards will be issued during the next five-year program (2011-2015).

BEIJING, Nov. 27 (Xinhua) -- "I can't afford an apartment, a car or a wife, but it never occurred to me until now that I can't even afford vegetables or fruit," said Gao Lei, a 30-year-old renter in Beijing."I went to a grocery store yesterday only to find that even apples, the cheapest fruit, are sold for 4 yuan half a kilogram, doubling the price from two months ago," said Gao.China's consumer price index (CPI), the main gauge of inflation, rose to a 25-month high of 4.4 percent in October. The hike was mainly due to a 10.1-percent surge in food prices. Food prices have a one-third weighting in China's CPI calculation.An employee puts bags of sugar on to shelves at a supermarket in Beijing. The price of the commodity has doubled in China since the beginning of the year. Though Gao is slightly exaggerating his hardship during the current inflation, price rises, particularly of life necessities such as grains and vegetables, do force Chinese low-income groups into a rough time.Jiang Peng's family is hard-hit, as he and his wife both are laid-off workers and have two daughters in college. Jiang, however, has a new job, working as a janitor in Jinan-based Shandong Economic University.Jiang's family makes some 24,000 yuan (3,600 U.S. dollars) a year, half of which goes to paying tuition for their two college girls, with the majority of the rest covering their daughters' living expenses."We spend each penny carefully, because we try to save as much as possible for the kids. Now as price goes up, we find it increasingly difficult to make ends meet," said Jiang.The only vegetable Jiang and his wife have these days is cabbage, since it is the cheapest of all vegetables.Jiang said prices have dropped slightly due to government price control efforts, but it is not making a big difference yet, and prices of some daily necessities remain high, not showing signs of a decrease."We have fried dough sticks for breakfast, and even its price rose from 3.5 yuan per half a kilogram to 4 yuan, never falling again," said Jiang.For the poorest families, the government already made decisions to dole out temporary subsidies to help them cope with rising living costs.Jin Hong, mother of a fifth-grader in the city of Nanjing, east China's Jiangsu Province, now has to pay 15 percent more for her son's lunch at school. Jin's household monthly income stands at less than 1,000 yuan."I hope there will be no more increases, otherwise I will not be able to afford the school meals for my son," said Jin.p Jin's family is entitled to a 100 yuan subsidy given by the local government, which is due on Dec. 10. "Now, we are counting on the subsidy," she said.Students from poor families are also feeling the pinch, and they are paid great attention in the Chinese government's ongoing price control efforts. The National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) issued a statement on Nov. 23 detailing various measures to institute price controls, including keeping prices stable in student cafeterias.Also, an earlier statement issued by the State Council, China's Cabinet, ordered local governments to offer subsidies to student canteens and increase allowances for poor students.He Ming, a student from a low-income family at Nanjing-based Southeast University, now sneaks out of classes earlier to make it to the cafeteria before all low-priced dishes are sold out.Low priced dishes are the vegetables, since meat is usually more expensive in China, and they are priced at one yuan per dish."In order not to only swallow rice for the meal, I have to quit part of the class. Though the cafeteria still serves low-price dishes, despite price hikes of vegetables lately, they serve less."He has a monthly living allowance of 300 yuan, which is given by his parents.

BEIJING, Dec. 10 (Xinhuanet) -- Provincial level officials and ministers will be held more fiscally responsible under an expanded auditing system, the country's top auditor said on Thursday."The regulation will be significant in supervising officials' power use and corruption prevention," Liu Jiayi, head of the National Audit Office, was quoted as saying in an interview posted on the office's website.Under the regulation, released by the general offices of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and the State Council, leaders of public institutions and State-owned enterprises will also be audited.China introduced the first such regulation in 1999, but it only included measures to audit financial records of county-level and below Party and government officials.The audit target was extended to provincial governors and ministers in 2000 on a trial basis and to heads of provincial government departments in 2005.Chinese auditors have uncovered more than 68.4 billion yuan (.2 billion) in illegal use of funds during nationwide audits of some 410,000 Party and government officials and bosses of State-owned enterprises since 1998, according to Liu.During the audit of provincial governors and ministers, their implementation of economic policies, handling of income and expenses, key fund management and project construction will be examined."They have power and control many resources, and how they fulfill their economic accountability will impact local economic and social development," he said.More importantly, the audit can be carried out frequently, so illegal activities can be cleared up before they spread, he said.Liu also said the audit will be made during an official's tenure to solve any problems that exist.Results of the audit will be recorded in an official's file and it will be an important factor in performance assessments, promotions or removal, and rewards or punishments.The audit group will consist of officials from local discipline inspection commissions and sectors including audit, supervision, organization, human resources and State asset supervision and management."It's a big step in cracking down on corruption. And the regulation will deter officials who want to abuse their power," said Liu Xutao, a professor at the Beijing-based Chinese Academy of Governance.

YAOUNDE, Jan. 13 (Xinhua) -- Visiting Chinese Vice Premier Hui Liangyu has met here with Cameroon's Prime Minister Philemon Yang with both vowing to further develop bilateral ties.During their meeting on Wednesday, Hui said since the establishment of diplomatic ties between China and Cameroon 40 years ago, the peoples of the two countries have stood together through thick and thin and enjoyed the steady development of bilateral ties featured with political mutual trust, frequent exchange of high-level visits and increasing volumes in bilateral trade.Hui said the friendly cooperation ties between China and Cameroon are in the fundamental interests of the two countries and the two peoples and contribute to the common development of the two countries.He said China is willing to work together with Cameroon so as to push the bilateral ties to a new high.Hui also made five-point proposals on developing the China- Cameroon ties which include further consolidating the political foundation of bilateral ties and continuing to understand and support each other on the important issues of core interests and common concern, further expanding economic and trade cooperation with China continuing to encourage its enterprises to cooperate with Cameroon in the sectors, among others, of infrastructure construction and air transportation, boosting agricultural cooperation and explore the ways and means of strengthening and deepening agricultural cooperation between the two countries, enriching the people to people and cultural exchanges of the two countries and considering to sign the new implementation plan of the cultural accords between the two governments at an appropriate time and strengthening the cooperation and coordination between the two sides in international affairs and working together to maintain the interests of the developing countries.For his part, Philemon Yang said in the past 40 years, Cameroon has always regarded China as a friend that can be trusted and the two countries have conducted cooperation in various areas.The prime minister said that his country is pleased that China has kept creating economic miracles, and that China has shared its development achievements with the world so as to realize the win- win.Philemon hoped that China will provide more aid to Cameroon in the sectors of irrigation works and highway construction.After their meeting, Hui and Philemon attended the signing ceremony of four accords including the economic and technology cooperation accord between the two governments.

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