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As the novel coronavirus emerged in the news in January, Sarah Keeley was working as a medical scribe and considering what to do with her biology degree.By February, as the disease crept across the U.S., Keeley found her calling: a career in public health. “This is something that’s going to be necessary,” Keeley remembered thinking. “This is something I can do. This is something I’m interested in.”In August, Keeley began studying at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign to become an epidemiologist.Public health programs in the United States have seen a surge in enrollment as the coronavirus has swept through the country, killing more than 247,000 people. As state and local public health departments struggle with unprecedented challenges — slashed budgets, surging demand, staff departures and even threats to workers’ safety —- a new generation is entering the field.Among the more than 100 schools and public health programs that use the common application — a single admissions application form that students can send to multiple schools — there was a 20% increase in applications to master’s in public health programs for the current academic year, to nearly 40,000, according to the Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health.Some programs are seeing even bigger jumps. Applications to Brown University’s small master’s in public health program rose 75%, according to Annie Gjelsvik, a professor and director of the program.Demand was so high as the pandemic hit full force in the spring that Brown extended its application deadline by over a month. Seventy students ultimately matriculated this fall, up from 41 last year.“People interested in public health are interested in solving complex problems,” Gjelsvik said. “The COVID pandemic is a complex issue that’s in the forefront every day.”It’s too early to say whether the jump in interest in public health programs is specific to that field or reflects a broader surge of interest in graduate programs in general, according to those who track graduate school admissions. Factors such as pandemic-related deferrals and disruptions in international student admissions make it difficult to compare programs across the board.Magnolia E. Hernández, an assistant dean at Florida International University’s Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, said new student enrollments in its master’s in public health program grew 63% from last year. The school has especially seen an uptick in interest among Black students, from 21% of newly admitted students last fall to 26.8% this year.Kelsie Campbell is one of them. She’s part Jamaican and part British. When she heard in both the British and American media that Black and ethnic minorities were being disproportionately hurt by the pandemic, she wanted to focus on why.“Why is the Black community being impacted disproportionately by the pandemic? Why is that happening?” Campbell asked. “I want to be able to come to you and say, ‘This is happening. These are the numbers and this is what we’re going to do.’”The biochemistry major at Florida International said she plans to explore that when she begins her MPH program at Stempel College in the spring. She said she hopes to eventually put her public health degree to work helping her own community.“There’s power in having people from your community in high places, somebody to fight for you, somebody to be your voice,” she said.Public health students are already working on the front lines of the nation’s pandemic response in many locations. Students at Brown’s public health program, for example, are crunching infection data and tracing the spread of the disease for the Rhode Island Department of Health.Some students who had planned to work in public health shifted their focus as they watched the devastation of COVID-19 in their communities. In college, Emilie Saksvig, 23, double-majored in civil engineering and public health. She was supposed to start working this year as a Peace Corps volunteer to help with water infrastructure in Kenya. She had dreamed of working overseas on global public health.The pandemic forced her to cancel those plans, and she decided instead to pursue a master’s degree in public health at Emory University.“The pandemic has made it so that it is apparent that the United States needs a lot of help, too,” she said. “It changed the direction of where I wanted to go.”These students are entering a field that faced serious challenges even before the pandemic exposed the strains on the underfunded patchwork of state and local public health departments. An analysis by The Associated Press and Kaiser Health News found that since 2010, per capita spending for state public health departments has dropped by 16%, and for local health departments by 18%. At least 38,000 state and local public health jobs have disappeared since the 2008 recession.And the workforce is aging: Forty-two percent of governmental public health workers are over 50, according to the de Beaumont Foundation, and the field has high turnover. Before the pandemic, nearly half of public health workers said they planned to retire or leave their organizations for other reasons in the next five years. Poor pay topped the list of reasons. Some public health workers are paid so little that they qualify for public aid.Brian Castrucci, CEO of the de Beaumont Foundation, which advocates for public health, said government public health jobs need to be a “destination job” for top graduates of public health schools.“If we aren’t going after the best and the brightest, it means that the best and the brightest aren’t protecting our nation from those threats that can, clearly, not only devastate from a human perspective, but from an economic perspective,” Castrucci said.The pandemic put that already stressed public health workforce in the middle of what became a pitched political battle over how to contain the disease. As public health officials recommended closing businesses and requiring people to wear masks, many, including Dr. Anthony Fauci, the U.S. government’s top virus expert, faced threats and political reprisals, AP and KHN found. Many were pushed out of their jobs. An ongoing count by AP/KHN has found that more than 100 public health leaders in dozens of states have retired, quit or been fired since April.Those threats have had the effect of crystallizing for students the importance of their work, said Patricia Pittman, a professor of health policy and management at George Washington University’s Milken Institute School of Public Health.“Our students have been both indignant and also energized by what it means to become a public health professional,” Pittman said. “Indignant because many of the local and the national leaders who are trying to make recommendations around public health practices were being mistreated. And proud because they know that they are going to be part of that frontline public health workforce that has not always gotten the respect that it deserves.”Saksvig compared public health workers to law enforcement in the way they both have responsibility for enforcing rules that can alter people’s lives.“I feel like before the coronavirus, a lot of people didn’t really pay attention to public health,” she said. “Especially now when something like a pandemic is happening, public health people are just on the forefront of everything.”___KHN Midwest correspondent Lauren Weber and KHN senior correspondent Anna Maria Barry-Jester contributed to this report.___This story is a collaboration between The Associated Press and Kaiser Health News, which is a nonprofit news service covering health issues. It is an editorially independent program of the Kaiser Family Foundation. KHN is not affiliated with Kaiser Permanente. 7795

As we shop online more this holiday season, pest control experts are also expecting more calls.That's because those cardboard packages left out in front of homes are basically an invitation for bugs and rats to come inside.“They're looking for shelter, just like we are. They're cold if they're outside, so a lot of times, they have that fall migration, or early winter migration of rodents to our door, seeking heat and shelter,” said Dr. Brittany Campbell, staff entomologist at the National Pest Management Association.Some of those pests include American and German cockroaches, silverfish and even booklice. Unlike body lice, booklice are mostly harmless and more of a nuisance.During this time, it's important that you open up your packages outside. You'll want to do a quick inspection of the exterior of the box.“So, you'll look for gnaw marks, any type of droppings on the boxes, and then before you bring them in, go ahead and open that cardboard box,” said Campbell.Once you open up the box, shake out all the items inside and look for fecal droppings, urine marks, egg casings, and any other type of clues that show there were insects inside.After inspecting the box, it's fine to still use it to wrap your gifts, but make sure to dispose of it as soon as possible after Christmas. Don't let cardboard pile up inside your house.And if you think you have an infestation, get a pest control expert to take care of it. 1435

his Veteran's Day, its latest mission is on social media through the hashtag "Honor Through Action" campaign alongside USAA. The way it works is simple. Draw a V on the palm of your hand, feature initials of a special veteran whom you'd like to honor, and share it on social media.Bruggeman displayed the people she's honoring through a V and initials on her hand.“BB is 2 people, Brian Bruggeman and Brad Bruggeman, who was a Vietnam veteran,” Bruggeman said. “I’ve got PH, a classmate from the naval academy who was laid to rest yesterday. He was a tremendous man, wonderful friend and classmate, and my husband's best friend who was killed in a helicopter crash who we continue to honor today and every day.”“We were created in 1922 by a group of 25 Army officers who couldn’t get anybody to insure them so they insured themselves and that model still is how we were organized today,” Mike Kelly, assistant vice president of Military Affairs for USAA, said. “We are a member-owned association. We were formed by the military we serve the military with insurance, banking and life insurance products.”Kelly says there are 18 million military veterans in the United States who have served. He also served 25 years in the Air Force and says Honor Through Action is about togetherness during a time when we need it most.“I hope people gain a greater appreciation for the service and sacrifice that our military members and our families make for this nation. We’re not really looking for anything other than connecting America to the veteran community,” Kelly said.Kelly added the campaign will “bring some positivity back to the nation, take our eyes of the political storm that’s happening and the COVID response and really recognizes those who have served our country.”It's sharing a meaningful symbol to pay tribute to those whose mission continues, even off the battlefield.“This group of veterans needs something very different,” Bruggeman said. “They want to feel connected but they want to do it through action; they want to do it through service. The way they feel, they need to connect isn’t the same as what it was when way our parents and grandparents came home from war.”Both organizations urge you to share your Honor Through Action this Veterans Day. Though the hashtag may seem simple, the meaning and the mission is everything. 3514

As Vietnam veterans grow older, the National Park Service said it has seen an increase in people leaving remains at the Veteran's Memorial Wall in Washington D.C., so it has now put up signs asking people to stop.Nancy Skinner wanted to honor her fiance Ron Looney after he died in 2008. When he died, Skinner had him cremated.Other than Looney's remains, photos were one of the few things she had left of Looney. The snapshots capture the motorcycle trips the couple took around the country, family get-togethers, and even Looney’s time in the Vietnam War.“He was over there five times,” recalled Skinner.Soon after his death, she took some of Looney's ashes and set out on one last adventure with him. “I went ahead and got what I thought would probably be the right amount if you cremated his heart, the right amount size,” said Skinner.She packed the ashes in a wooden box and drove from Mississippi to Washington, D.C., to leave Looney's cremains at the Vietnam Veteran's Memorial Wall.“It was something he so wanted to do, so wanted to be there. I knew that was something he would have wanted,” said Skinner.The National Park Service said Looney’s cremains are one of about 70 that have now been left at the wall over the years.“A lot of Vietnam veterans feel very connected to the memorial. It speaks to them in a way a lot of other places in the country don't,” said Janet Folkerts, a curator with the Park Service. “Cremains are kind of definitely more sensitive and something that needs a higher standard of care than we're really equipped to deal with here,” said Folkerts.The cremains left at the wall are currently brought to a Park Service building and kept in a metal storage cabinet. But Folkerts said the Park Service is looking into new options.“We’re hoping some veterans cemetery could help us with the cremains we already have and we could setup some system in the future,” she said.While Skinner said she understands the Park Service’s concerns, she hinted she would still have found a way to honor Looney’s wishes.“I made it a pretty little box. And I didn't figure anybody would mind. Makes me wonder if I need to go back and pick him up. But his ashes are still gonna stay there. Sorry," Skinne said.  2274

As millions of Americans head to the polls today for the last day of voting, a group of artists has been deployed to help them pass the time.With a strum of her bow, violinist Paula Johannessen is off.“Some poll workers were really excited, too, that they were just happy to hear music,” said Johannessen.But today, her performance is dedicated to the American voter.“I played a lot of Irish music so far, and I'll continue to some jigs reels and waltzes,” she said.It’s called Play for the Vote, a non-partisan effort by artists and performers to bring music to the ballot box.“It's nice to remind people that we are still here, we're still performing, we're still here to share what we have with everybody,” explained Johannessen.Boston-based cellist Mike Block came up with the idea after the contentious first presidential debate.“I was just kind of thinking about what the candidates were saying about, not just who you should vote for, but the stress around the process of voting itself,” said Block.With long lines, health concerns, and the fate of the country hanging in the balance, Block decided musicians could help ease the anxiety.“I think it's also this is going to serve a very important need for audiences, said Block.“Music has this unique power to create shared unifying experiences and we haven't really had that this year.”He recruited 600 musicians to perform classical, folk, bluegrass, jazz, rock and more without a political leaning. They will play in 48 states and the District of Columbia. All of it is for voters stuck in long lines, fulfilling their civic duty.“It's always been a melting pot of music, as well as cultures here, and it's really cool just to be able to communicate with anyone anywhere through music,” said Johannessen.“I think encountering this at a voting location is really going to remind people of the culture and all of the things that bring us together in society,” said Block.It’s a good reminder of what we have in common today, no matter who we vote for. 2016