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For the last 30 years, Marina Tsaplina has taken insulin to survive. “I take anywhere between probably six to 10 injections per day, depending on what I need,” she says. “Certainly any time before I eat and any time I need to adjust my blood sugar.” Living with type 1 diabetes and no health insurance, Tsaplina bought a year’s supply of insulin in Canada, because she can't afford to buy it here in the U.S. “The insulin alone would be about from 0 to ,100,” she says. New research shows drug prices can vary greatly depending on the pharmacy. The U.S. Public Interest Research Group (PIRG) Education Fund surveyed more than 250 pharmacies in 11 states on prices for 12 common drugs. It found consumers could save anywhere from 0 to ,000 a year, simply by shopping around. “On average, over nine times the lowest price could be charged for a prescription drug that many people take,” says Lance Kilpatrick with U.S. PIRG. The study found chain pharmacies like CVS tend to have higher prices than mom-and-pop pharmacies. “Eight of the 12 drugs that we surveyed, mom-and-pop shops and small chain pharmacies actually had less expensive prices than the big chains,” Kilpatrick says.That's why U.S. PIRG says you should compare at least five pharmacies and try shopping online. Sites like Goodrx.com helps consumers find the best prices in your area. Pharmacychecker.com connects with verified Canadian pharmacies, since Canadian drugs are often cheaper. Additionally, Blinkhealth.com offers good pricing for generic drugs.With 1 in 4 Americans struggling to afford their prescription drugs, a little legwork now can save you a lot of money in the long run. 1677

MILWAUKEE, Wis. – This isn’t Hawaii or the California coast or even Florida. It’s Wisconsin where surfers don’t pray for waves, they work with what they got. “So, it could be a Wednesday night or a Sunday morning, so you got to jump on it,” one local Wisconsin surfer said. In a region known for beer, cheese, and very cold winter, the surf scene is growing and Jake Bresette is helping lead the charge. “I just love it, man,” he said. “Anytime I can get out into the water, whether it’s one foot or 10 feet, it’s always a good time.” More and more surfers are keeping up on a well-kept secret: with the right weather, the waves on the Great Lakes can be just that – great! Outside of the water, Bresette owns and operates Lake Effect Surf Shop in Milwaukee where he sells surf and skate gear and offers lessons to anyone who wants to learn how to surf. “Yeah, we actually do them with or without waves,” he said. “So, if there are waves that’s great, we’ll get out here and score some waves. But, if not, we’ll bring out some big paddle boards.” While introducing the sport of surfing to a new generation, Bresette always remembers to honor the local pioneers of the sport. “We didn’t start the surf scene here,” he said. “We’re just helping to continue the progression.” Bresette says the key to that progression is to get out when the surf is up. “I know it sounds a little cliché, but it is really about the journey as well as the success of finding waves,” he said. Bresette’s recent journey took him to Bradford Beach in Milwaukee, where despite small waves there’s always a chance to capture that big stoke.Because when that big day comes, you’ll be glad you did. 1688

DENVER, Colo. -- When a cop receives a call about a suspect with a gun from dispatch, their mind starts racing. “You start going over tactics in your mind. You start walking through the worst-case scenario, typically, of how you’re going to respond to and handle this incident,” said Don Mihalek, a former Secret Service agent. But what if that info wasn’t quite right? The person calling 911 made a mistake. That can end in tragedy. Paul Taylor is a former police officer and officer trainer. When running simulations with officers, he noticed something that caused some concern. “One of the things that I saw is that I could drastically change use of force decision making and outcomes with small pieces of information at the front end,” said Taylor. The use of force can mean a lot of things to police, but in this case, we’re talking about firing a gun. Taylor noticed if he changed some of the information officers received in the simulations, it could change the whole outcome. So, when he moved to academics with the University of Colorado Denver, he decided to test the theory. “A person appeared on the screen with their hands in their pockets, the person matched the description from the dispatch call. And after a little bit of time, a person rapidly produced a cell phone from their pocket,” said Taylor. He ran a simulation where officers responded to a trespassing call. Sometimes, they got an update saying the suspect was on a phone or they had a gun. “The group got the gun dispatch or gun update. They shot the person more than twice as often. So, when the person produced a cell phone, they shot them 62 percent of the time,” said Taylor. That’s more than twice as often as the group that got no update. Only six percent of the officers who were told the suspect had a cell phone fired a shot. “All studies have shown that eyewitnesses tends to be the most unreliable testimony, and also you need to take into adrenaline, fear, people are trying to process this dynamic situation that they’re not used to seeing,” said Mihalek. “Unfortunately, sometimes eyewitnesses may not get things 100 percent accurate,” said April Heinze with the National Emergency Number Association. Heinze works with an advocacy group for 911 dispatchers. “The intake that’s received by the callers that are in extreme circumstances is based on their emotions and perceptions. There’s a lot of adrenaline going through your system,” said Heinze. Heinze says the 911 system is 50 years old and isn’t taking advantage of new technology that could help get officers more accurate information. “You know we’re talking about texts, and pictures, and video, and two way video and things like that,” said Heinze. Taylor doesn’t disagree that witnesses give inaccurate information. “We know that, from the time we’ve been playing tin cans or telephone as a kid, that information changes as it passes between people,” said Taylor. But Taylor doesn’t want law enforcement to rely on the public getting better at reporting crimes. Instead, he wants authorities to develop policies and procedures around the human element. That means assuming that people calling 911 are going to make mistakes and learning from your mistakes. “Where we find human error, whether that’s in aviation, nuclear power plant operation, medicine, we find an opportunity to improve, but that doesn’t seem to be the case in policing,” said Taylor.  3436

MARLBOROUGH, Mass. – On an old road in rural Massachusetts, comes a new technology that could change everything about drunk driving – by eliminating it. “Clearly it's a big problem and we need to do something about it,” said Dr. Bud Zaouk, president of KEA Technologies. The company is currently testing alcohol sensors in cars that would prevent a drunk driver from hitting the road. “It's a public-private partnership between the auto industry, all 17 automakers in the U.S. and the federal government,” Dr. Zaouk said. How does it work? There are two technologies: one that measures the level of alcohol in someone’s breath, similar to a breathalyzer. Another device detects alcohol through a touch of fingertips. The technology would allow you to start a vehicle, but if alcohol is detected, that vehicle would not move at all. Outside of the lab, the real-world testing involves using passengers with varying levels of intoxication. It’s more complicated than just getting someone drunk on vodka. “A lot of science actually goes behind that. So, we have something that we call a ‘drink master,’” said Dr. Kelly Ozdemir, director of applied sciences at KEA Technologies. “We can calculate milliliters how much alcohol to give for them.” Kristin Davis is with Mothers Against Drunk Driving. A few days before Christmas 2016, a drunk driver blew through a red light at 55 miles per hour, hitting Kristin’s car. She was 7 months pregnant at the time.“Every time I got in my car after the crash, I would replay it in my head,” she said. “I had to be cut out and I didn't know whether or not my baby had survived until they could get me to the hospital.” Her baby did survive, but she hopes the alcohol sensors can help others avoid the ordeal she went through. “I hope to see it one day as standard as seatbelts and airbags and backup cameras,” Davis said. That day might be coming sooner than you think. A bipartisan bill making its way through Congress, could make alcohol sensors standard in all new vehicles, possibly within the next four years. “This technology can't be optional,” said J.T. Griffin, chief government affairs officer for MADD. “It needs to be in everybody's car for it to be effective.” Back in Massachusetts, the testing to make the alcohol sensors road ready keeps going, in the effort to save the more than 10,000 people killed each year in drunk driving crashes. “We need to make sure that this doesn't happen on our roads and make sure that we're able to save these lives,” Dr. Zaouk said.The first vehicles to see these alcohol sensors installed will likely be government fleet vehicles used by local, state and federal agencies. It’s not clear yet just how much each sensor would end up costing. 2738

DANVILLE, Ind. – A domestic violence shelter that has provided a safe haven for women and children for nearly two decades now plans to take in men as well. 169