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BEIJING, Nov. 18 (Xinhua) -- U.S. President Barack Obama had a taste of Chinese history on Wednesday by visiting the country's most iconic site, the Great Wall.     "It's magical," Obama said when walking along the Great Wall in chilly winter wind. "It reminds you of the sweep of history and our time here on earth is not that long. We better make the best of it."     Dressed in a dark winter jacket, a smiling Obama broke away from companions and walked alone along the ramp.     "I brought back the admiration for the Chinese civilization, I bring here the greetings of American People," Obama said when ascending a watchtower to enjoy a distant view at the Badaling section of the Great Wall.     Obama is the fifth U.S. president to visit the manmade wonder. Former U.S. President Richard Nixon visited the Great Wall in 1972,Ronald Reagan in 1984 and Bill Clinton in 1998. In 2002, former U.S. President George W. Bush and his wife Laura toured the same section as Obama did.     "I'm inspired by the majesty of the Great Wall and am grateful for the warmth of the Chinese people," Obama wrote on the visitor's book after his half-hour tour.     The Great Wall was the second sightseeing program for Obama during his visit to China. He toured the Imperial Palace Tuesday after nearly two hours of talks with President Hu Jintao.     Built originally as the biggest defense work in ancient China, the Great Wall today has become one of the must-see places for visiting foreign leaders to the country in the past six decades.     The Badaling section, which is in the northwestern suburb of Beijing, runs about 3,741 meters on a mountain of about 700 to 800 meters above sea level, dotted with 19 beacon towers.     The wall at the Badaling section averages seven to eight meters in height, six to seven meters in thickness, with a width of four to five meters on top.     Over the past six decades, more than 450 heads of state and government have visited the Badaling section.     The Great Wall is listed among the UNESCO's World Cultural Heritage sites given its historic status.     Separated sections of the Great Wall were built as early as 2,000 years ago by small kingdoms to defend against raids from nomadic tribes to the north.     When Emperor Qinshihuang, the country's first emperor, united China for the first time in 221 B.C., he ordered the separate sections linked together, forming a complete military defense system.     The Great Wall today was mostly rebuilt during the Ming Dynasty(1368-1644).     With its sections stretching from northeast to west China, the Great Wall now runs 6,700 kilometers long and its section at Badaling is the first part that opens to tourists.

SEOUL, Dec. 17 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping put forward a four-point plan to cement China-South Korea ties when he met South Korean Prime Minister Chung Un Chan here on Thursday.     Xi said China and the South Korea were neighbors and the relationship had been promoted since they established diplomatic ties in 1992. The exchanges of the visits by the two heads of states last year upgraded the relations to strategic and cooperative partnership, which benefited both countries and helped promote regional peace, stability and prosperity.     Xi's proposal to foster the Sino-ROK relationship was:     -- To enhance high-level contact and political trust:     The two countries should also increase exchanges between the governments, parliaments and parties. China appreciated the adherence by South Korea to the one-China policy and its support on the Taiwan and Tibet issues, Xi said.     -- To expand trade and economic cooperation:     The two countries should explore new ways on high-tech, energy-saving, and environmental protection cooperation. Xi called on the two sides to complete joint research and initiate free trade agreement negotiation.     -- To increase personnel exchanges:     The two sides should further improve exchanges on education, culture and tourism and properly handle the issues concerning the sentiments of the two peoples.     -- And, to strengthen coordination in multilateral frameworks, including the meeting mechanism of China, South Korea and Japan:     On the situation on the Korean Peninsula, Xi said all relevant sides should take the chance to show flexibility to resume the six-party talks at an early date.     Xi also said China would push for the Copenhagen climate change conference to achieve a result in line with the "Bali Roadmap."     Chung Un Chan pledged to complete the joint research on free trade agreement as soon as possible, and advance coordination with China under the G20 and the framework of China, Japan and South Korea.     Xi arrived here Wednesday night after a visit in Japan. He will also visit Myanmar and Cambodia.

BEIJING, Dec. 26 -- The weight of private enterprises in the overall economy is on the rise and that of State-owned enterprises (SOEs) on the decline, Ma Jiantang, minister of the National Bureau of Statistics, said on Friday.     The number of private firms rose by 81.4 percent from 2004 to 2008 to reach 3.6 million and SOEs dropped by 20 percent to 143,000, Ma said at a press conference where China's second economic census results were released.     China has made great efforts over the past 30 years to restructure its economy. It has gradually raised the proportion of private enterprises after the market-oriented reform began in the early 1980s. As a result, the private sector has contributed an ever-growing value to the country's GDP and provided most of the jobs.     But in recent years, some major acquisitions have seen SOEs buying into private companies, sparking concern that the State may be strengthening its control over the private sector.     Ma said the census figures do not suggest SOEs are buying into private enterprises.     In terms of asset value, SOEs saw their proportion in the nation's total drop by 8.1 percentage points from 2004 to 2008 to 23 percent. In contrast, private enterprises' assets rose by 3.3 percentage points to 12.3 percent.

WASHINGTON, Dec. 30 (Xinhua) -- The U.S. International Trade Commission (ITC) on Wednesday slapped punitive penalties to imports of some 2.6 billion dollar oil country tubular goods (OCTG) from China, a move might escalate trade disputes between the two countries.     The ITC "has made affirmative determination in its final phase countervailing duty (CVD) investigation" concerning the oil pipes from China, said the ITC in a statement.     The trade agency has determined that "a U.S. industry is materially injured or threatened with material injury by reason of imports of certain oil country tubular goods from China that the U.S. Department Commerce has determined are subsidized," according to the statementThe U.S. Commerce Department made a final determination last month to impose duties between 10.36 percent and 15.78 percent on the pipes, which are mostly used in the oil and gas industries.     The ITC ruling paved the way for the imposition of duties.     The Commerce Department made its preliminary determination of CVD in September.     On Nov. 4, the Commerce also set preliminary antidumping (AD) duties on such imports from China, which is the biggest U.S. trade action against China.     Under that preliminary determination, Commerce set a 36.53 percent antidumping levy on OCTG from 37 Chinese companies, while some other Chinese companies will receive a preliminary dumping rate of 99.14 percent.     Commerce will make its final determination of antidumping duties early next year.     If Commerce makes an affirmative final determination, and the ITC makes an affirmative final determination that imports of oil tubular goods from China materially injures, or threaten material injury to, the domestic industry, Commerce will issue an antidumping duty order.     The antidumping and countervailing petition case was filed in April this year.     From 2006 to 2008, imports of OCTG from China increased 203 percent by value and amounted to an estimated 2.7 billion dollars in 2008, said the U.S. Commerce Department.     China strongly opposed the U.S. decision, saying that it is a protectionist move.     "China expressed strong dissatisfaction and is resolutely opposed to this," said China's Ministry of Commerce (MOC) spokesman Yao Jian in a statement in September.     "This does not comply with WTO agreements on subsidies. The U.S. used an incorrect method to define and calculate the subsidies, which has resulted in an artificially high subsidy rate, hurting Chinese firms' interests," said Yao.     "We hope the United States can get rid of the bias and admit China's market economy status soon to tackle the double standards thoroughly and give Chinese enterprises equal and fair treatment," Yao also said last month.     The U.S. industries also expressed strong dissatisfaction with the trade case, saying such a protectionist move would hurt U.S. companies.     The trade restrictions would "hurt U.S. using industries by raising their costs and making sources of supply uncertain," Eugene Patrone, executive director of the Consuming Industries Trade Action Coalition (CITAC) told Xinhua in September.     He noted that the tariffs would make oil and gas exploration and production be more expensive, projects be delayed, "which is against our national goal of being less dependent on imported energy."     The onset of the global recession appears to have set off an increase in trade disputes around the world.     Globally, new requests for protection from imports in the first half of 2009 are up 18.5 percent over the first half of 2008, according to the World Bank-sponsored Global Anti-dumping Database organized by Chad P. Bown, a Brandeis University economics professor.     That increase follows a 44 percent increase in new investigations in 2008.     And China has become the main target of the rising protectionism.     In another steel dispute, the U.S. Commerce Department said on Tuesday that it will impose antidumping tariffs of 14 percent to 145 percent on imports of 91 million dollar steel grating from China. A final determination will be made by the department in April 2010.

BEIJING, Jan. 9 (Xinhua) -- Hu Jintao, general secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC), urged to deepen fiscal and taxation system reforms, and improve the efficiency of fiscal management, so as to maintain steady and comparatively fast economic development.     It is imperative to continue the pro-active fiscal policy and moderately loose monetary policy, with priority given to the implementation of policies that support domestic consumption expansion, economic growth, economic structure adjustments and projects concerning people's livelihood, said Hu at a seminar attended by members of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and researchers from the nation's top think tanks on Friday afternoon.     He also called for more investment in agriculture and rural areas, independent innovation and fostering of emerging strategic industries.     More fiscal resources should be channeled to promote public welfare development and back up undertakings concerning people's livelihood, especially education, employment, social security, medical care, affordable housing construction, and environmental protection, according to Hu.     Hu also called for improving the taxation system by optimizing taxation system structure, working out a more fair distribution of the tax burden, and standardizing income distribution, in a bid to promote healthy economic development.

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