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SAN FRANCISCO, March 30 (Xinhua) -- History records showed it was not often that large earthquakes caused immediate large volcano eruptions, a geophysicist told Xinhua on Wednesday while talking about whether the recent massive quake in Japan could trigger volcano eruptions.Inevitably, the shaking and changes in the state of stress in the crust could cause some changes in some of active volcanoes closest to the March 11 quake zone in Japan, said Dr. Jian Lin, senior scientist and geophysicist at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution in the United States.However, only if a particular volcano was already in a stage of magmatic inflation, a situation close to eruption, would the shaking make a major difference, he noted.Lin is currently visiting the U.S. Geological Survey's earthquake research center in Menlo Park, California to study the March 11 Japan earthquake.Compared with the cases that earthquake triggered volcano eruptions in the past, Lin said, most of active volcanoes in Japan are located somewhat farther away from the March 11 earthquake rupture zones. "The farther away, the less direct effect," he noted.Therefore, "the most important thing is to closely monitor all the active volcanoes in Japan," he said.There are only two well-documented cases of significant volcano eruptions that were apparently triggered by large earthquakes, he said.On Nov. 29, 1975, the Kilauea Volcano in the Hawaiian Islands had a small and short-lived eruption immediately after a magnitude- 7.2 quake hit the Big Island of Hawaii near the volcano, which was probably the best scientifically documented case so far of a volcano eruption triggered by a large earthquake.Records showed that the Kilauea Volvano was already in a stage of inflation before the quake. Meanwhile, the quake was right next to the volcano, which triggered the following eruption.Another case is 1960 Chile earthquake-volcano pair, in which a magnitude-9.5 earthquake, the largest ever recorded by instruments, could have triggered the Puyehue-Cordon Caulle Volcanic Complex ( PCCVC) into a violent eruption within 38 hours. The CCVC had been inactive for 25 years before the quake.Lin pointed out that like the Kilauea case, the earthquake rupture zone in the Chilean quake was again quite close to the volcanic group. However, little scientific monitoring data had been got for the PCCVC before its eruption as it is in a remote area in Chile.In recent years, scientists have observed that large earthquakes from long distance could trigger swarms of small earthquakes in active hydrothermal systems of volcanic regions, he said, noting that "these small earthquake swarms like these are not the same as volcano eruption."Lin added that the relationship between large volcano eruption and large earthquakes is still a poorly studied subject since scientific record is very short and many of large eruptions in the geological history were poorly documented."Therefore, we still know quite little about this subject," he said.

BEIJING, Feb. 8 (Xinhua) -- As the Chinese Lunar New Year hoilday ended Tuesday, waves of Chinese residents began their journey back to work, as they boarded trains, airplanes and buses.The China Meteorological Administration announced Tuesday that a cold front would cause temperatures to fall by 4 to 12 degrees Celsius in most parts of the country, while some areas in the northwest, north and southwest will see rainfall or snow from Wednesday to Friday.Fleets of motorbikes carrying thousands of migrant workers passed through national roads again on Tuesday.The Ministry of Public Security said it set up 8,300 service stations along the country's major highways to provide free food, medicine, and rest stops for motor-riding migrant workers. The stations also sent police cars to clear the way for large groups of motorists.Chen Tianchong, a migrant worker from Muge County, Guigang City of southwest China' s Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and 38 of his fellow migrant worker started their journey on motorcycles at 4:30 a.m. on the foggy National Road 324, which is a 2,712-kilometer road linking five provinces of Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou and Yunan in southern China.A motorcycle usually carried two people, often a couple, sometimes with a child sandwiched in between. They would wrap themselves in thick outerwear to battle the cold weather at night. Limited access to cheap public transportation had forced many migrant workers to make their trips home on their own."I promised my boss that I would go back to the factory in Guangdong before Wednesday," said Chen.Chen said that they might arrive at Dali County, Shunde City of south China's Guangdong Province around eleven at night, after more than 18 hours riding a motorcycle from their hometown. By this way, each family may save more than 1,000 yuan - half of their monthly income.Zhong Fei, another migrant worker also from Guangxi, chose this way home during the Spring Festival for the past three years. Zhong told Xinhua that earning money for his family was the most important thing and the exhausting trip was nothing.From Guangdong alone, one of China's manufacturing bases, over 100,000 migrant workers left for home on motorbikes, said the local police. The Spring Festival travel rush started in China in the late 1980s, when millions of farmers from inland China moved to coastal cities to work.In spite the increasing popularity of motor cycles, the majority of Chinese travelers still prefer trains or buses. Shandong province embraced the post-holiday passenger rush Tuesday, with railway stations witnessing 200,000 passengers in a single day.Highway toll booths near Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin and other big cities in China have become clogged.Passengers are also snapping up airplane tickets. China Southern Airlines had increased flights from 30 to 70 flights per day.Official forecasts indicate that this year's Spring Festival holiday may see a record 2.85 billion passenger trips nationwide, as Chinese workers return home from across the country for family reunions and go back to work after the holidays.

BEIJING, March 11(Xinhuanet)-- People with more fat around their waist, often known as “apple shape”, may not have a greater risk of heart attack than those with fatter bottoms and hips, according to a new study published in Lancet as quotted by media reports Friday.This study funded by the Medical Research Council and British Heart Foundation, reviewed 220,000 individual records from 17 countries and monitored the occurrence of heart attacks or strokes based on body mass index (BMI) versus waist-hip circumference. It found that people with "apple-shaped" obesity were at a higher risk of having heart risks compared to those with general obesity as assessed by their BMI.  This contradicts previous claims that "apple shaped" bodies were three times more likely to suffer heart attacks than those with more generally distributed fat.But experts warn obesity is still bad for the heart, no matter where the fat is, and they argue there is confusion about the best way to measure it. "Regardless of how you measure it, being obese is bad for your heart. This study suggests that measuring your waist is no better than calculating your BMI but it's not time to throw away the tape measure just yet, “Dr Mike Knapton, associate medical director at the British Heart Foundation said."We tend to underestimate our body shape and size, so measuring our waist or checking our BMI are both quick and easy ways we can check our health at home."Besides, he also listed some other heart risk factors that we need to think about too, such as blood pressure, cholesterol, diabetes and smoking.

BEIJING, May 16 (Xinhuanet) -- NASA is close to deciding on a landing site for its Mars rover Curiosity mission by narrowing the choices to four, media reports said Monday.Scientists in the close-knit Mars research community get one last chance to make their case this week when they gather before the "judges" — the team running the 2.5 billion U.S. dollar mission that will soon suggest a landing site to NASA, the ultimate decider."All four of these places are compelling places on Mars to study. There's not a loser among them," said landing site scientist Matt Golombek of the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, one of the meeting's leaders.The mission will use rover Curiosity to study whether a selected area will have environmental conditions suitable for life and for preserving evidence about whether extraterrestial life has existed.Being nuclear-powered, the rover cannot go to a location that has either water or ice within one meter of the surface.The size of a mini Cooper, Curiosity is scheduled to launch in late November after a two-year delay.

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