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BEIJING, Sept. 16 (Xinhua) -- After several similar criminal cases led to greatly varying punishments triggering public concerns, Chinese courts are adopting a series of measures to ensure uniform standards for sentencing criminals.On Oct. 1, two documents that instruct judges on uniform procedures for sentence measurements will be put into use in all Chinese courts, which is said to be a "major reform" for the country's legal system regarding criminal prosecution.According to the new procedures, courts should first set up a penalty baseline for a criminal case based upon basic criminal facts. Then additional punishments will be added according to the amount of money involved, the frequency of the defendants' violations, the consequences and other factors. At last, courts will adjust the results considering the case's overall nature and issue a final sentence.The move came after a series of similar drunk driving cases that led to greatly varying punishments.In July 2009, the Intermediate People's Court of Chengdu in southwestern Sichuan Province sentenced a drunk driver named Sun Weiming to death following an auto accident in which he was driving without a license and killed four people. In the second trial, the verdict was changed to life imprisonment.Sun's case was deemed as a crime against public security.However, one month later another drunk driver in central China's Henan Province only received a jail term of six years and six months for killing six and injuring seven people.That case was ruled to be a traffic accident crime."(The reform) is of significant importance for regulating judicial actions, providing uniform standards for law applications, promoting righteous and uncorrupted justice and boosting the authority and credibility of the country's courts," said Wang Shengjun, president of the Supreme People's Court (SPC), at a Thursday meeting."The Criminal Law only lays down a very wide range of sentences for certain types of crimes, and thus it is very difficult for prosecutors to give a specific sentence based on that," said SPC vice president Xiong Xuanguo in an exclusive interview with Xinhua Thursday.Xiong noted that different judges, given their different knowledge, manners and experience, will also have varied views on the same case.According to the documents, another major change is to introduce advice on sentence measurements from procuratorate organs, including the types and scopes of punishments and how to implement them.Also, courts are allowed to organize public prosecutors, parties involved, their defenders and legal representatives to offer their own advice on sentencing measurements.With the introduction of sentencing measurement advice from defenders, legal representatives and other parties involved, the new rules were expected to balance judges' considerable powers of discretion, said Professor Chen Weidong with the Renmin University of China.According to the SPC, since June last year more than 120 pilot Chinese courts have already been following the new procedures when prosecuting 45,000 criminal cases in 15 regular categories, including traffic accidents, robbery, theft, and drugs, among others.The trial practice has seen positive results as sentences among cases of similar natures and those in different regions were not as varied as before.The rate of appeals and change of sentences in second trials also dropped in these courts, according to Xiong.Meanwhile, Xiong sought to assure those concerned that the new rules would not excessively limit judges' powers as "the standards for sentence measurements, themselves, were made based on all prosecutors' discretion." < "If the measurement results are not appropriate, judges will still have the right to make certain adjustments," Xiong said, adding that local courts will also set down detailed sentence measures according to the characteristics of their regions."The reform is an inevitable process for China's criminal prosecution to transform from rough estimation to precise, scientific and canonical," Professor Chen said.

BEIJING, Nov. 7 (Xinhua) -- Premier Wen Jiabao will attend the opening ceremony of the third Ministerial Conference of the Forum for Economic and Trade Cooperation between China and Portuguese-speaking Countries, to be held in Macao later this month.Wen will attend the function and inspect the Macao Special Administrative Region during a visit slated from Nov. 13 to 14, said a statement from his office Sunday.

TEHRAN, Sept. 28 (Xinhua) -- Li Changchun, a senior official of the Communist Party of China (CPC), on Tuesday visited the Confucius Institute at Tehran University, where he encouraged the Iranian students to constantly improve their Chinese level and become professional translators to make contributions to bilateral relations.Li, a member of the Standing Committee of the CPC Central Committee Political Bureau, told the Iranian students in the institute that he was moved by their strong interest in learning Chinese.While presenting some Chinese culture-experiencing equipment and books to the institute, Li, who is on an official visit to Iran, said he hopes the institute can use these books and equipment to promote its Chinese-teaching capacities.President of Tehran University Farhad Rahbar said the Confucius Institute has been playing a very important role in promoting Chinese teaching in Iran and boosting bilateral cultural cooperation, adding that the university is willing to further boost cultural and educational cooperation between the two countries.Li also watched performances about Chinese martial arts, poetry recitation and Chinese lion dance by the Iranian students in the Confucius Institute.After visiting Confucius Institute at Tehran University, Li went to the site of Metro line 4 in Tehran, which was jointly constructed by Iran and China.Li said the operation of the Metro line 4 is a product of the bilateral economic and trade exchanges, and he hopes that with joint efforts by the two sides the Metro line 4 can be turned into a line of friendship and cooperation between the two sides."I hope more achievements about our cooperation can be acquired in the future," he added.The Confucius Institute, the first in Iran, is co-founded by Yunnan University of China and Tehran University. It was officially opened in Tehran on Jan. 1, 2009.Iran is the last leg of Li's four-nation tour which has taken him to Estonia, Montenegro and Ireland.

BEIJING, Oct. 15 (Xinhua) -- The 17th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) opened its fifth plenary session in Beijing Friday to discuss the nation's next five-year development plan.The four-day meeting will review proposals for the country's 12th five-year program (2011-2015) on national economic and social development.The period would be critical for building a moderately prosperous society, the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee announced last month.It would be a time of difficult issues for deepening the reform and opening-up process while accelerating the transformation of the nation's economic development pattern, said the announcement.China has pledged to build a "xiaokang" -- moderately prosperous -- society in the first two decades of the 21st century."The next five-year program will be vital for dealing with difficulties to realize the objective by 2020," said Prof. Hu Angang, a prominent expert on China's national situation in Beijing."The new program will basically be in accordance with the principles of Scientific Outlook on Development," Hu said.Despite of high GDP growth for years, China still faces huge challenges in development, ranging from unbalanced economic growth pattern, widening gap between urban and rural areas and between different regions, to environmental problems as well as international trade protectionism."China's export-driven economic growth is unsustainable," said Justin Yifu Lin, World Bank Chief Economist and Senior Vice President."Transformation of the country's economic growth pattern should still be a major issue for the next five years, 15 years and even a longer period of time."The CPC Central Committee Political Bureau said in a last month's statement that transformation of the economic growth pattern should be based on improving people's livelihoods.President Hu Jintao has pledged to adopt "Inclusive Growth," a concept created and advocated by Asian Development Bank in 2007, for resolving social problems as a result of economic development.According to Hu, inclusive growth means to spread the benefits of economic globalization and development among all countries, regions and people and to realize balanced economic and social progress through sustainable development.World Bank President Robert Zoellick said developing countries will play a more important role in balancing and stabilizing the world economy, and China's effort will be of great significance for restructuring the world economy after global downturn.A draft version of the proposals for the 12th five-year program has been offered to some delegates of the CPC's 17th National Congress and organizations outside the Party.The document was further revised based on their suggestions.Sources with the CPC said the proposals, accumulated from throughout the Party and other organizations, would become a guideline document for China's continued reform and opening-up process as well as socialist modernization.

SANYA, Hainan, Oct. 31 (Xinhua) -- Chinese State Councilor Dai Bingguo held an unofficial meeting with U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton Saturday evening in Sanya, a city of southern China's island province of Hainan.The two sides exchanged views on Sino-U.S. relations and issues of common concern in a "candid and friendly" manner, the Chinese Foreign Ministry said after the meeting.According to the ministry, Dai and Clinton had positive evaluation of recent Sino-U.S. relations, and stressed the two sides would continue to seriously implement the consensus reached by the two state leaders.Chinese State Councilor Dai Bingguo (R) meets with U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton during an unofficial meeting in Sanya, south China's Hainan Province, Oct. 30, 2010.They pledged to enhance dialogue, mutual trust and cooperation, properly handle differences and sensitive issues on the basis of mutual respect, and make concerted efforts to contribute to a positive, cooperative and comprehensive China-U.S. relationship in the 21st Century.They also agreed that Chinese President Hu Jintao's scheduled visit to the United States early next year is of great significance to the development of bilateral ties, and the two sides would keep close contact and make preparations to create favorable atmosphere and ensure the success of the visit.

来源：资阳报