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HELSINKI, July 4 (Xinhua) -- A new Finnish research shows that sleeplessness may be hereditary, and insomniacs are more likely to die earlier than people with healthy sleep patterns.The research is the first to link insomnia with mortality risk, Finnish media reported on Monday.The research is conducted by the Institute of Occupational Health in collaboration with the University of Helsinki and the Finnish National Institute for Health and WelfareIn a large-scale twin study, the Finnish researchers followed the health status of 12,500 adult twin pairs during the years from 1990 to 2009. Twenty percent of the participants were suffering from sleeplessness symptoms, including difficulty in initiating sleep, nocturnal awakening and non-restorative sleep.The study found out that compared with unidentical twins, identical twins were more likely to suffer from similar insomnia symptoms. This finding indicates that genetic factors play a role in the formation of insomnia.Moreover, the participants were divided into three groups, according to their sleep qualities. Out of the participants, 48 percent were good sleepers, 40 percent average sleepers and 12 percent poor sleepers. The search result shows that insomnia-related symptoms may increase mortality risk.In addition, compared with good sleepers, 7 percent of the women and 22 percent of the men who were average sleepers were more likely to die earlier; and poor sleepers were 1.5 times more likely to die earlier.According to the researchers, sleeplessness is a common health problem among working-age cohort. Chronic sleeplessness raises the risk of many illnesses and accidents, and thus weakens people's quality of life and ability to operate properly.The experts suggest that insomniacs should seek medical treatment in time, and chronic insomnia patients should be better treated with non-drug therapy.

SAN FRANCISCO, July 29 (Xinhua) -- Apple has ousted Nokia as the world's largest smartphone maker as global mobile phone market grew more than 11.3 percent in the second quarter of 2011, according to two separate market research studies.After becoming the largest smartphone vendor in terms of revenue and profits, Apple has become the world's largest smartphone vendor by volume with 18.5 percent market share, said the latest research from Strategy Analytics released on Friday.The Cupertino, California-based company sold 20.3 million iPhones in the second quarter,up 142 percent compared with the same period a year earlier.Samsung's shipments of 19.2 million units grew a huge 520 percent year over year, accounting for 17.5 percent global smartphone market share in the second quarter of 2011.Apple and Samsung overtook long-time volume leader Nokia for the two spots. The Finnish mobile phone giant accounted for 15.2 percent of global smartphone market share in the last quarter, which is less than half of what it was just one year earlier.In the second quarter of 2010, Nokia was the No.1 smartphone maker by volume in the world with 38.1 percent of market share. The industry is now waiting Nokia's pending transition to Windows Phone 7.According to a separate report by International Data Corporation (IDC) released on Thursday, the worldwide mobile phone market grew by 11.3 percent year over year in the second quarter of 2011 despite a decline of the feature phone market for the first time in almost two years.The feature phone market was down by 4 percent in the last quarter, said the IDC Worldwide Mobile Phone Tracker report. It noted that the decline in shipments was mainly in economically mature regions, such as the United States, Japan and Western Europe, as users making rapid transition to smartphones.The shrinking feature phone market had a great impact on some of the world's largest suppliers of mobile phones, such as Nokia, which is losing share in the feature phone category to low-cost suppliers, said the report.For the overall market, global mobile phone vendors shipped 365. 4 million units in the second quarter, compared to 328.4 million units in the same period last year, with Nokia still holding the top spot with a market share of 24.2 percent, followed by Samsung, LG Electronics, Apple and ZTE.But the 11.3 percent growth was lower than IDC's forecast for the quarter and also below the 16.8 percent growth in the first quarter of 2011.IDC said the feature phone forecast isn't expected to be any rosier in the future and the shipment growth of feature phones won 't exceed 1.1 percent in the coming years.

SAN FRANCISCO, June 14 (Xinhua) -- Apple updated its online store on Tuesday to begin offering unlocked models of iPhone 4 in the United States for the first time."The unlocked iPhone 4 requires an active micro-SIM card that you obtain from a supported GSM wireless carrier," said Apple in the product description. The iPhone requires a smaller version of the standard SIM (Subscriber Identity Module) card.Started at 649 U.S. dollars for the 16 GB version, the unlocked model is a GSM phone, which means, in the United States, the phone runs on networks of T-Mobile or AT&T, although it can only send data over T-Mobile's old EDGE network, not its 3G network and the faster HSPA+ network.Verizon and Sprint, the other two major U.S. wireless carriers, both use CDMA networks that do not use SIM cards.The iPhone 4 has been sold unlocked in other countries. For frequent international travelers, an unlocked iPhone means they just need to pop in a micro-SIM card for whichever country they are going, avoiding provider's high international fees.According to Apple, iPhone sales grew 113 percent year over year in the second quarter of its fiscal 2011, reaching a record high of 18.65 million units.

SHENYANG, Aug. 16 (Xinhua) -- Two more cutaneous anthrax infections were reported in northeast Liaoning Province, bringing the total number of people who were hospitalized for the disease to 32, health authorities said Tuesday.The two cases were found Monday in Donggang City, more than 100 km away from the city where the disease was first reported, the Liaoning Provincial Health Department said in a statement.Health experts noted that all the cases originated from the the same source.As of 8 p.m. Monday, four cases have been confirmed while 28 others were still being investigated, according to the health department.An initial investigation by local health authorities showed that the patients contracted the disease after direct contact with diseased cattle.The government of Liaoning has since killed or disinfected more than 400 heads of cattle in the province and carried out a survey among over 20,000 people.Cutaneous anthrax is an infection of the skin caused by direct contact with infected animals or animal products. It is rarely fatal if treated.

WASHINGTON, July 7 (Xinhua) -- Space shuttle Atlantis will soar into the sky Friday on NASA's 135th and final flight. Its scheduled return to Earth later this month will mark the end of NASA's 30-year space program.Since its onset with the launch of space shuttle Columbia, the program has been seen as a cheap, safe and reliable way for space exploration.Despite its great contributions to U.S. manned space flight, it has also left some grave and tragic lessons, making its termination inevitable.HIKING COSTSLaunched in 1972 by then President Richard Nixon, the shuttle program aimed to provide a new system of affordable space travel and proved to be NASA's most enduring project in its 50 years of existence.In 1981, shuttle Columbia made its first shuttle flight for two days. It was the ultimate hybrid and the first reusable spacecraft.Launched like a rocket and gliding back to Earth like an airplane, space shuttles not only can act as a space taxi to carry astronauts, but have the muscle of a long-distance trucker to haul heavy machinery.The spaceship boasts more than 3,500 subsystems and 2.5 million parts and is nine times faster than a speeding bullet as it climbs heavenward. That versatility, however, has translated into higher costs.NASA originally estimated the program would cost about 90 billion U.S. dollars. However, its actual cost stands at about 200 billion dollars, compared with the 151 billion dollars spent on Apollo which took Americans to the moon in 1969.In an article in Technology Review, John Logsdon, former head of the Space Policy Institute at George Washington University, drew a direct connection between the ravenous shuttle budget and the lack of other large advances in manned space flight."By operating the system for 30 years, with its high costs and high risk, rather than replacing it with a less expensive, less risky second-generation system, NASA compounded the original mistake of developing the most ambitious version of the vehicle," he wrote."The shuttle's cost has been an obstacle to NASA starting other major projects," he added.HIGH RISKIn terms of safety, the shuttles have never been as reliable as their designers had envisioned.On average, one out of every 67 flights ended up with fatal accidents. Based on the rate of deaths per million miles traveled, the space shuttle is 138 times riskier than a passenger jet.Seven astronauts onboard died when Challenger exploded about a minute after launch in 1986. Nearly two decades after the tragic blast, a new catastrophe descended when the shuttle Columbia disintegrated moments before landing in 2003, killing another seven spacemen.Again, the shuttle program was shelved for more than two years as NASA stepped up efforts to make it safer. But experts say the fundamental problem related to shuttles' safety cannot be solved due to their "birth defects.""It is in the nation's interest to replace the Shuttle as soon as possible," concluded the panel that investigated the 2003 Columbia accident.

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