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SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — It’s a term we’ve heard a lot during the pandemic: emergency use authorization.From ventilators to diagnostic tests to experimental drugs like remdesivir, the Food and Drug Administration has issued at least 616 emergency use authorizations, or EUAs, since the pandemic began.“That’s such a powerful term: emergency use authorization,” said President Donald Trump on Aug. 23 when announcing an EUA for convalescent plasma.Top officials at the FDA are now floating the idea of using an EUA to speed up distribution of a vaccine against COVID-19, writing that it “may be appropriate” under certain circumstances. Critics contend it would be a dangerous move.The mechanism was put into law back in 2004, and EUAs have been used in several health emergencies since, including the 2009 H1N1 pandemic.An EUA allows the FDA to temporarily authorize a drug or device for use during an emergency under certain conditions. There must be no formally approved alternatives to the product, and the available evidence must suggest the potential benefits outweigh the potential risks.“Because in some emergencies, we just cannot wait for all the evidence needed for full FDA approval,” the agency says in a video explaining the rationale for an EUA.While EUAs are relatively common for diagnostic tests and experimental drugs, there has only been one EUA issued for a vaccine. In 2005, the FDA authorized a vaccine intended to protect U.S. soldiers from an anthrax chemical attack. It was the first time the FDA ever used the EUA process. In that case, the product, Anthrax Vaccine Absorbed, had been formally licensed in 1970 as safe and effective against anthrax on the skin, but was not formally approved to counteract inhaled anthrax.In a letter to pharmaceutical companies, the FDA said it “may be appropriate” to issue an EUA for a COVID-19 vaccine “once studies have demonstrated the safety and effectiveness” of the product, but before other steps in the traditional submission process, like detailed information on how the vaccine was made and tested.“It is extremely rigorous,” Dr. Christian Ramers of Family Health Centers of San Diego said of the typical FDA approval process. “People have to submit thousands of pages of documents. They have to open their books, essentially, and show all of the detail on how these things have been tested.”An EUA could allow for the release of a vaccine before the election, something President Trump has suggested but other members of his administration have said is unlikely.The prospect of an EUA for a vaccine alarms consumer advocates like Dr. Sidney Wolfe of Public Citizen, who sent a letter to the agency urging it to avoid the expedited process.“The amount of information on how effective it is, the amount of information on how safe it is is less than would be required for full approval,” Wolfe said. “And full approval could arguably come in three or four months.”Wolfe thinks an EUA could backfire.“The loss of confidence by people will contribute to a much decreased willingness to be vaccinated,” he said, citing a survey during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic that showed people were reluctant to volunteer for inoculation if the vaccine only had emergency authorization.Critics say there’s already shaky public confidence after reports of political pressure from the president in the EUAs for convalescent plasma and for hydroxychloroquine.In the latter case, the FDA revoked the EUA for the anti-malaria drug June 15 after more studies showed it wasn’t effective and could have serious side effects.Dr. Ramers at Family Health Centers of San Diego says there is a big ethical difference between authorizing an experimental drug with limited data and authorizing a vaccine.Fundamentally, doctors give drugs to patients who are already sick, and they're more willing to try something untested in a last-ditch effort. “In somebody who has been through two or three or four rounds of [chemotherapy] and nothing has worked, the risks and benefits are tilted in a different way,” he said.“But a vaccine is a really special situation because we’re giving it to healthy people. We’re giving it to the general population before they become ill. So historically, the safety threshold for a vaccine has been way, way, way higher,” Ramers added. 4302

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) -- Looking for a summer job? The City of San Diego is hoping to fill 46 positions at city pools. According to the city, all 46 lifeguard and pool management positions are available at 13 different facilities. Anyone interested has to attend an initial tryout to assess basic swimming skills and qualify to enroll in the city’s lifeguard training program. RELATED: State offers money to help boost college savings accounts Tryouts are being held Tuesday, March 19 and Thursday, March 21, 2019, at the Tierrasanta Pool from 5 – 7 p.m. and Tuesday, March 26, 2019 at Vista Terrace Pool in San Ysidro from 9 – 10 a.m.Those who pass will need to attend a week-long lifeguard training program. The course teaches safety, first aid and lifesaving procedures. The program costs 1 and scholarships are available, the city says. Participants who graduate the program will receive American Red Cross Lifeguard Training and Title 22 First Air certifications and will qualify to work as a lifeguard at city pools. RELATED: Dual enrollment helping students cut tuition costs“With summer fast approaching, it is important City pool facilities are fully staffed to ensure the public has access to safe swimming and recreational opportunities,” said Don Crockett, District Manager for the City of San Diego Aquatics Division. “Filling these lifeguard and pool manager positions will also allow the City to offer more swimming programs for children and adults including water aerobics, infant swimming and drowning prevention classes.”Anyone interested in participating in the tryouts will need to sign up first. For more information on the program, click here. 1672

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - Many local restaurants are having a hard time finding outdoor patio heaters.The difficulty comes as restaurant owners in San Diego County prepare to close their indoor dining areas and take operations outside when new COVID-19 related restrictions take effect Saturday. The county is moving from the state's red to the purple tier following an increase in COVID-19 cases. The purple tier has the toughest COVID-19 related rules.The owners of Sisters Pizza in Hillcrest say they own four outdoor heaters and recently purchased two more from Amazon three weeks ago, one of the last left at the time. They are due to arrive any day."We paid about four times the price of our original space heater," owner Emily Green Lake said. "Right now, the heaters are really what it's all about in keeping people wanting to come back to your spot, or that second glass of wine or that dessert, and all of those extras are what's keeping businesses afloat right now."Premier Patio Heating in Oceanside, which rents out patio heaters, is out. Eddie Essey, vice president of operations, said they have a backlog of about 200 orders from restaurants and hotels. Anyone looking to get some from them now has a six-week wait."I'm saying six weeks," Essey said. "Honestly, that's a little optimistic. Realistically, I don't expect my supply chain to be where I want it to be until March or April."He's putting new orders on a waitlist but advising the customer to keep looking and trying other suppliers."Restaurants are struggling enough as it is that I don't want them to be missing out on income on their patios every night just waiting on me to get a shipment in," he said. "Everyone needs more patio heaters. People that already have some need more, people that don't have any, need some."Many restaurants told ABC 10News off-camera that they could not find any patio heaters and are still looking. Others said they had a difficult time getting their hands on some. 1975

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — In a scientific 10News/Union-Tribune poll, 500 adults were surveyed on their thoughts on the response to the coronavirus thus far.Adults were asked whether they trusted news about the virus coming from government officials and media, and if they've started to stockpile supplies in response.Overall, a majority of San Diegans surveyed are concerned about the virus, but many also believe the government is making it seem less dangerous while the media is making it seem more dangerous.Most San Diegans who participated also say they have not started to stockpile supplies like toilet paper and hand sanitizer in response.Here's a look at some of the survey's results:How concerned are you about the coronavirus?Extremely: 23 percentSomewhat: 38 percentOn The Fence: 14 percentNot Very Concerned: 19 percentNot At All Concerned: 6 percentNot Sure: 1 percentBased on what you know, do you believe each of the following is telling the truth about the coronavirus? Making the coronavirus seem more dangerous than it actually is? Or making the coronavirus seem less dangerous than it actually is?The World Health Organization, or WHO, in Switzerland:Telling The Truth: 48 percentMaking It Seem More Dangerous: 30 percentMaking It Seem Less Dangerous: 7 percentNot Sure: 15 percentThe US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or CDC, in Atlanta:Telling The Truth: 47 percentMaking It Seem More Dangerous: 29 percentMaking It Seem Less Dangerous: 12 percentNot Sure: 12 percentPresident Donald Trump: Telling The Truth: 22 percentMaking It Seem More Dangerous: 16 percentMaking It Seem Less Dangerous: 47 percentNot Sure: 15 percentState health officials:Telling The Truth: 39 percentMaking It Seem More Dangerous: 33 percentMaking It Seem Less Dangerous: 13 percentNot Sure: 16 percentGovernor Gavin Newsom:Telling The Truth: 29 percentMaking It Seem More Dangerous: 26 percentMaking It Seem Less Dangerous: 10 percentNot Sure: 35 percentNational news media:Telling The Truth: 22 percentMaking It Seem More Dangerous: 64 percentMaking It Seem Less Dangerous: 5 percentNot Sure: 9 percentDo you support or oppose the use of Marine Corp Air Station Miramar as a place to quarantine those who have or may have been exposed to the coronavirus?Support: 57 percentOppose: 22 percentNot Sure: 21 percentAs a result of the coronavirus, have you ... Bought extra hand sanitizer?Yes: 28 percentNo: 72 percentBought extra toilet paper?Yes: 16 percentNo: 84 percentBegun to stockpile non-perishable food items?Yes: 14 percentNo: 86 percent 2554

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) -- In three weeks San Diego County will elect its next district attorney,  and in a recent poll a large number of voters indicated that they're still undecided. The results of our scientific 10News Union-Tribune poll shows the battle between Summer Stephan and challenger Genevieve Jones-Wright is wide open. If the election were held today, Summer Stephan would get 35 percent of the vote. Genevieve Jones-Wright would get 22 percent and 43 percent of those polled said they are undecided. "Those polls are consistent with what our campaign research shows," Jones-Wright told 10News. "We knew we were up against a political machine and it really is no surprise to me that she's up on the polls."Progressive candidate Jones-Wright says Stephan got a head start, by being appointed to the district attorney job when Bonnie Dumanis left. Jones-Wright said she thinks the poll shows her campaign is gaining steam.Stephan was encouraged by the poll numbers. "This is very encouraging, what you're telling me, because it shows that what we're doing is working," she told 10News. "That San Diegans are enjoying that we're one of the safest urban regions in the country and that they really prefer experience over an experiment."The poll shows that Stephan's voter base is republican, white and over the age of 35. It shows that Wright's voter base is younger, more racially mixed and primarily democratic. On Monday, Summer Stephan pulled out of a community forum, one which both she and Genevieve Jones-Wright accepted to face off. 1581