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BEIJING, Jan. 05 (Xinhuanet) -- Tighter licensing and banning unlicensed food processors are two measures needed to improve the poor quality of cooked food in Guangzhou markets, says a new proposal.The proposal, to be presented to the Guangzhou committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, notes that producers of unpacked cooked food currently only need to obtain a food circulation permit.Many of them process food in unlicensed workshops with poor sanitation, and some producers even use substandard materials in food processing.The annual session of the conference opens on Tuesday.Recent tests of unpacked cooked food found that of 100 samples of meat, flour-based food, preserved vegetables, soybean products and algae products, only 38 passed the inspection.No cold dried bean curd or cold algae products passed the tests, which were carried out at seven supermarkets in Guangzhou, Guangdong province, by the city's consumers' commission.Excessive microorganisms were the main reason for failing the tests. Fifty-five samples contained excessive coliform and 12 had golden staph.Meanwhile, in tests of unpacked cooked food at supermarkets in Guangzhou by the city's commerce authority in the third quarter of last year, only 28 of the 71 samples passed the tests. In addition to excessive bacteria, excessive use of coloring agents was also spotted.The situation at other markets, such as wet markets, is more worrying, says the proposal.It also suggests that separate cooked food processing areas be built in local markets, with closer scrutiny over them.Standards concerning the processing, storage and transport of those food products remain unspecified.Some supermarkets, on the other hand, have been lax in selecting suppliers and failed to install protective facilities in shelving the food.Given that a number of government agencies are involved in food safety work, the proposal suggests that a shared information platform be built to prevent loopholes.The food associations should also play a bigger role in supervising food enterprises, it says."Since cooked food goes through the production, transport and shelving steps, it is hard to guarantee the quality. Even packed food has quality problems, not to mention unpacked food," said Ding Honghui, a resident who was shopping at a supermarket in Guangzhou."As far as I know, many government departments are involved in safeguarding food safety. They should strengthen the supervision and work more closely," he said.

WASHINGTON, Dec. 7 (Xinhua) -- Drugs that affect the levels of an important brain protein involved in learning and memory reverse cellular changes in the brain seen during aging, according to an animal study published Wednesday in the Journal of Neuroscience. The findings could one day aid in the development of new drugs that enhance cognitive function in older adults.Aging-related memory loss is associated with the gradual deterioration of the structure and function of synapses (the connections between brain cells) in brain regions critical to learning and memory, such as the hippocampus.Recent studies suggested that histone acetylation, a chemical process that controls whether genes are turned on, affects this process. Specifically, it affects brain cells' ability to alter the strength and structure of their connections for information storage, a process known as synaptic plasticity, which is a cellular signature of memory.In the current study, Cui-Wei Xie, of the University of California, Los Angeles, and colleagues found that compared with younger rats, hippocampi from older rats have less brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) -- a protein that promotes synaptic plasticity -- and less histone acetylation of the Bdnf gene. By treating the hippocampal tissue from older animals with a drug that increased histone acetylation, they were able to restore BDNF production and synaptic plasticity to levels found in younger animals."These findings shed light on why synapses become less efficient and more vulnerable to impairment during aging," said Xie, who led the study. "Such knowledge could help develop new drugs for cognitive aging and aging-related neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease," she added.

SANTO DOMINGO, Jan. 11 (Xinhua) -- The Dominican Republic and Haiti Wednesday launched a joint plan aimed at eliminating cholera, which has claimed more than 7,000 lives in both countries since October 2010.The efforts were backed by the World Health Organization (WHO), the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), and the United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF), Dominican officials said.The plan, "Call to action: the Hispaniola without cholera", aims to improve sanitary and living conditions of the Haiti people who face herculean reconstruction work following a devastating earthquake in the country on Jan. 12, 2010, that killed 220,000 people and displaced over 1 million.Cases of cholera, an infection that causes severe diarrhea that can lead to dehydration and death, first appeared in Haiti in October, 2010.The epidemic has so far killed more than 7,000 people and left nearly 500,000 more sick in Haiti.It also killed 135 people in the Dominican Republic as of September 2011, according to Dominican health authorities.Some 500 million U.S. dollars will be invested in projects related to sanitization and the construction of infrastructure that has to do with waterworks in both nations in the long term.

NEW DELHI, Jan. 9 (Xinhua) -- Chinese ambassador to India Zhang Yan Monday proposed that China and India make more efforts to develop economic ties.At a meeting on China-India relations attended by Indian National Security Advisor S. Menon, the ambassador said the Chinese side is fully aware of the necessity to narrow the trade gap between the two sides in order to ensure the sustainability of bilateral trade cooperation."China will take measures to increase the import of Indian products which have market demand in China. But our cooperation should not be limited in trade only," said the ambassador.He suggested that China and India should diversify their trade structure, expand the scope and items, and increase the technical content and added value to the products, while expanding into financial, service and investment sectors.The envoy said China and India should initiate policy dialogue and coordinate their economic development strategy in order to ensure steady growth of respective economy, encourage mutual investments, consider the free trade agreement or regional trade arrangement, and increase tourism cooperation.Zhang said that as an encouraging sign of economic ties, the bilateral trade volume is set to hit 70 billion U.S. dollars in 2011, an over 20 percent increase over the previous years, while China set up its first branch of the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China in Mumbai last year.

WASHINGTON, Oct. 3 (Xinhua) -- Researchers at St. Michael's Hospital in Canada have discovered a new function for an enzyme that may protect against organ injury and death from anemia, according to a study appearing Monday in the U.S. journal of the Proceeding of the National Academy of Sciences.Researchers found that when people have anemia, neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) -- an enzyme in nerve cells that produces nitric oxide, an important signaling molecule in the body -- increases the body's ability to respond, adapt to low oxygen levels and makes the body more efficient in delivering oxygen to tissues. They also found that levels of nNOS in the brain increased in anemic mice, and that the mice without this enzyme die earlier, and with higher hemoglobin levels."Identifying this mechanism may lead to new therapies and approaches to improving outcomes for anemic patients," said Dr. Greg Hare, a researcher at the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of the hospital and one of the lead investigators of the study.Anemia occurs when blood has a lower than normal number of red blood cells or hemoglobin -- an iron-rich protein that carries oxygen from the lungs and heart to the rest of the body. Cells need oxygen to survive and to produce energy for all bodily functions. The condition has many different causes including infection (malaria, HIV, parasites), nutritional deficiencies (iron, folate, B12), genetic mutations, pregnancy, trauma and surgical blood loss."This research will help us identify when an anemic patient is at greatest risk for injury and death when undergoing surgery," said Hare. "Research is underway to test these findings in humans."

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