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BEIJING, Jan. 26 (Xinhua) -- China's civil affairs ministers visited survivors of last year's 7.1-magnitude Yushu earthquake and Zhouqu mudslide prior to China's lunar new year.Dou Yupei, vice minister of Civil Affairs, led a team to Yushu in northwest China's Qinghai Province to visit quake survivors and local cadres beginning on Sunday.Dou told Xinhua that quake survivors in Yushu now had access to food, clothing, safe drinking water, shelters and medical services, and the reconstruction of quake-damaged houses was well underway.Further, the ministry has distributed 45,000 cotton-padded tents to Yushu to house survivors during the extremely cold winter on the Qinghai-Tibet plateau.So far, 160,000 tents have been set up to assure that all survivors have a roof overhead, according to the ministry's statement issued Wednesday.Yushu was jolted by a 7.1-magnitude earthquake on April 14, leaving 2,200 people dead and 220,000 local residents affected.Another vice minister, Sun Shaocheng, visited survivors from a massive mudslide that left 1,700 people dead or missing in Zhouqu, Gansu province.To provide warm shelters to survivors, the Zhouqu county government invested three million yuan (455,000 U.S. Dollars) in renovating vacant school buildings or installing facilities in newly-built apartments.All survivors who previously had taken shelter in make-shift tents were relocated to these buildings before Oct. 13, according to the ministry's statement.
WASHINGTON, May 2 (Xinhua) -- Rice originated in China, a team of U.S. genome researchers has concluded in a study tracing back thousands of years of evolutionary history through large-scale gene re-sequencing.Their findings, which appear Monday in the latest issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), indicate that domesticated rice may have first appeared as far back as approximately 9,000 years ago in the Yangtze Valley of China. Previous research suggested domesticated rice may have two points of origin -- India as well as China.Asian rice, Oryza sativa, is one of world's oldest crop species. It is also a very diverse crop, with tens of thousands of varieties known throughout the world. Two major subspecies of rice -- japonica and indica -- represent most of the world's varieties. Sushi rice, for example, is a type of japonica, while most of the long-grain rice in risottos are indica.Because rice is so diverse, its origins have been the subject of scientific debate. One theory -- a single-origin model -- suggests that indica and japonica were domesticated once from the wild rice O. rufipogon.Another -- a multiple-origin model -- proposes that these two major rice types were domesticated separately and in different parts of Asia. The multiple-origin model has gained currency in recent years as biologists have observed significant genetic differences between indica and japonica, and several studies examining the evolutionary relationships among rice varieties supported more than domestication in both India and China.In the PNAS study, the researchers re-assessed the evolutionary history, or phylogeny, of domesticated rice using previously published datasets, some of which have been used to argue that indica and japonica rice have separate origins. Using more modern computer algorithms, however, the researchers concluded these two species have the same origin because they have a closer genetic relationship to each other than to any wild rice species found in either India or China.In addition, the study's authors examined the phylogeny of domesticated rice by re-sequencing 630 gene fragments on selected chromosomes from a diverse set of wild and domesticated rice varieties. Using new modeling techniques, which had previously been used to look at genomic data in human evolution, their results showed that the gene sequence data was more consistent with a single origin of rice.In the study, the investigators also used a "molecular clock" of rice genes to see when rice evolved. Depending on how the researchers calibrated their clock, they pinpointed the origin of rice at possibly 8,200 years ago, while japonica and indica split apart from each other about 3,900 years ago. The study's authors pointed out that these molecular dates were consistent with archaeological studies.Archaeologists have uncovered evidence in the last decade for rice domestication in the Yangtze Valley beginning approximately 8, 000 to 9,000 years ago while domestication of rice in the India's Ganges region was around about 4,000 years ago."As rice was brought in from China to India by traders and migrant farmers, it likely hybridized extensively with local wild rice," explained New York University biologist Michael Purugganan, one of the study's co-authors. "So domesticated rice that we may have once thought originated in India actually has its beginnings in China."

BEIJING, March 6 (Xinhua) -- China aims to "basically eradicate poverty" by 2020 while greatly raise its poverty line, in order to help more people in need, Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao said here Sunday.The State Council is drafting a new ten-year poverty-reduction plan (2011-2020), in which the current poverty line of 1,196 yuan per year (about 0.5 U.S. dollars a day) will be greatly raised, Wen told a panel meeting of the ongoing session of the National People's Congress (NPC).The nation will intensify its poverty alleviation efforts through aids and development, focusing on large areas of destitute population, he said to a group of NPC deputies from Gansu, one of the poorest regions in China.According to the United Nations' standard of one dollar per person each day, China still has 150 million people under the poverty line.Wen said lack of water was the bottleneck for Gansu's social-economic development, urging the province to expand the use of water conservancy technology.Wen also urged the province to coordinate economic development with environmental protection, and reverse environmental degradation in Dunhuang, a historical city with world cultural heritage threatened by decertification.
BEIJING, Jan. 31 (Xinhua) -- China's Ministry of Finance (MOF) said Monday it had allocated 28.23 billion yuan (4.27 billion U.S. dollars) to assure retired enterprise employees receive their pensions before the arrival of the Spring Festival.The State Council, or the Cabinet, decided at an executive meeting last December to raise the retired enterprise employees' pension about 10 percent from 2010 levels, or about 140 yuan per person per month in 2011.The MOF also said local governments had issued 10.24 billion yuan of festival subsidies to 85.97 million people.The Spring Festival, the Chinese lunar New Year is a time for family reunions in China. It falls on Feb. 3 this year.
LOS ANGELES, April 7 (Xinhua) -- A new research has found that about nine million people in the United States identify themselves as lesbian, gay, bisexual or transgender (LGBT).About 1.8 percent of adults identify themselves as bisexual, 1. 7 percent as gay or lesbian, and 0.03 percent as transgender, researchers at the University of California-Los Angeles' School of Law said in the study published by The Los Angeles Times on Thursday.The study culled data and methods from nine surveys conducted over the last seven years and averaged results from five of those surveys to estimate sexual orientation and from two surveys to estimate the transgender population.The findings also show that about 8.2 percent of Americans said they participated in same-sex sexual activity and about 11 percent said they had some same-sex sexual attraction, but neither of these groups necessarily identified themselves as LGBT.The researchers noted that insufficient and inconsistent national surveys make it difficult to get an estimate of the LGBT population in the United States, according to the Times report.
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