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SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — As the world waits for a vaccine against the coronavirus, two San Diego biotechs are teaming up to develop a nasal spray using designer antibodies cloned from COVID-19 survivors.About 70 companies worldwide are working on therapies for COVID-19 using cloned antibodies, according to an estimate by the International AIDS Vaccine Initiative. A few of these treatments, known officially as monoclonal antibody therapies, have advanced to clinical trials.Most require an injection, but San Diego-based Diomics and its partner Active Motif, based in Carlsbad, are developing a once-a-day spray that could be easily self-administered.Early research suggests the coronavirus primarily enters the body through the nose. The spray, called Dioguard, is designed to coat the lining of the nasal cavity with cloned antibodies that are held in place for 24 hours or more using a proprietary polymer material developed by Diomics.Diomics CEO Anthony Zolezzi said he believes the spray “holds the key to allowing many aspects of life to resume until the day comes when there’s an effective vaccine in widespread use.”Diomics is also developing two tests for COVID-19 antibodies using its polymer beads, including a device that looks like a nicotine patch that is designed to monitor for infections for a week or more.RELATED: How a dot on your forearm could be the future sign of COVID immunityActive Motif is providing the cloned antibodies for the nasal spray. With a lab in Shanghai and other relationships in China, the Carlsbad company was able to clone antibodies from 11 Chinese survivors in February, before the World Health Organization declared a pandemic.When the company started the cloning project, they thought the virus would probably disappear in three to six months, said Active Motif CEO Ted DeFrank. “Then people started realizing, no this is going to be with us for a while.”The plasma from the 11 Chinese patients contained thousands of antibodies, and scientists with Active Motif set about selecting the one that was most effective, dubbed 414-1. The company says it can neutralize SARS-CoV-2 virus particles with 98 percent effectiveness.Monoclonal antibodies have some similarities to convalescent plasma, which is a complex cocktail of antibodies and other immune molecules drawn from the blood of recovered patients. One of the key differences is that cloned antibodies can be mass produced in a lab.Cloned antibodies have been used in treatments for more than 30 years, primarily for cancer. One such treatment famously helped former U.S. President Jimmy Carter beat melanoma.But of the more than 100 monoclonal antibody therapies licensed for use, only seven are for communicable diseases, according to IAVI.Historically, the treatments have been expensive and difficult to produce, but Diomics said it’s targeting a price of about a spray for Dioguard, roughly per bottle.“We do not want to have huge profits from a pandemic, that’s just wrong,” Zolezzi said. “We’re going to price this as effectively as we can for the masses. We want to get this out to the masses.”Animal testing is about to begin and the companies said they hope to progress to human trials soon. Their goal is to release the spray in early 2021, when a vaccine may be on the market but not yet widely available.If the spray works, it could be adapted to other viruses to help fight future pandemics, Zolezzi said."That’s our real goal," Zolezzi said. "That we never get caught flat-footed like this time." 3526

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) -- Caltrans is warning drivers about a series of SR-163 closures throughout the week. According to the agency, all lanes of north and southbound SR-163 between I-8 and Genesee Avenue for three to six nights. The highway will be closed so crews can remove falsework from the bridge on the SR-163 Friars Road overcrossing. The southbound closures will begin at 11 p.m. with the northbound closures starting at 11:30 p.m. All lanes will reopen at 5 a.m. The list below shows which lanes will be closed on certain nights: Sunday: All southbound lanes, the northbound far right collector lane and the right main lane (slow lane).Monday: No full freeway closure. Only the northbound and southbound right main lanes.Tuesday: All southbound lanes, and the northbound left lane (fast lane).Wednesday: All northbound lanes, and the southbound left lane.Thursday: No full freeway closures. Only the northbound right lane.Friday/Saturday: No freeway work scheduledSunday, March 10: All northbound lanes. During the closures, drivers on the northbound SR-163 will be rerouted to eastbound I-8 to northbound I-805 to the merge at northbound SR-163.Southbound motorists will be rerouted to southbound I-805 to westbound I-8 to the southbound SR-163 connector ramp. 1274

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - At least two former students of a coding bootcamp in downtown San Diego received refunds after a Team 10 story earlier this summer.Sean Calma and Lane, who declined to give his last name, were enrolled at Origin Code Academy. They both said they were promised one-on-one instruction, which they did not receive. Neither had previous coding experience, so they both asked many questions before enrolling."One time, [the instructor] didn't even know what he was looking at on my computer screen. A second time, he was like, I don’t know what that is. Third time, he asked to go ask another instructor," Lane told Team 10 back in June.CEO Jeff Winkler said coding is difficult, but would be willing to talk to the students about getting their money back. During a previous Team 10 interview, he pointed to many satisfied students and dozens of graduates, including one who recently got a job at Facebook.Winkler did not respond to Team 10's request for comment regarding the refunds.Coding bootcamps are regulated by the Bureau for Private Postsecondary Education (BPPE). Origin Code Academy was previously operating without approval. The academy appealed its citation, its fine was reduced, and as of August, it is allowed to operate. As part of its approval, it had to pay back students who asked for refunds.Both Calma and Lane could not talk about their refunds the received after Team 10's story because both had to sign a non-disclosure agreement before getting their money back.A spokesperson for the BPPE told Team 10: "The Bureau encourages Origin Code Academy students who have not yet received a requested refund to contact the Bureau so we can investigate their claims. If any of the subjects in your story are still waiting for refunds please encourage them to reach out." 1809

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) -- Chula Vista City Councilman Steve Padilla remains hospitalized on a ventilator but is now in stable condition, according to a family statement issued Wednesday. Padilla, who represents Chula Vista's District 3, was admitted at UCSD Thornton Hospital ICU last Thursday after experiencing difficulty breathing associated with COVID-19. The family said he required a respirator.“My dad is a fighter, and he’s fighting through this -- with the help of amazing doctors, nurses and healthcare workers who are caring for him," said the councilman's daughter Ashleigh Padilla in a statement Wednesday night."We’re hopeful that he’s reached a turning point and will be home soon," she said.No further details about his condition were given at this time.“I know he cannot wait to get back to serving the people and helping our entire community get through these tough times," his daughter said.Padilla told his constituents in a Facebook video post published March 14 that he had contracted the coronavirus. He appeared to be in good spirits as he told viewers that he was doing "very well" and "feeling well.""After recently experiencing symptoms, I was diagnosed as being positive for the COVID-19 virus, also known as the coronavirus," he said last Saturday.In a follow up statement that night, Padilla described having a fever, body aches, headaches, chills, that "came on very rapidly." He noted he had come into contact with friends, colleagues, and the public over the last week."I’m in close coordination with County Public Health officials who are taking all precautions to ensure the health of people I’ve been in contact with," he said.Padilla issued a warning to the public through his daughter last Thursday: “Everyone needs to take COVID-19 seriously. Please follow the advice of our public health professionals to reduce spread of the virus and take precautions to keep your families and our community safe," said Ashleigh Padilla.Padilla previously served as Mayor of Chula Vista from 2002-2006, and is a former officer and detective with the Chula Vista Police Department.On the Chula Vista city website, Padilla is noted for being the first person of color ever elected to City office in Chula Vista history, the first Latino Mayor, and the first openly LGBT person to serve or be elected to city office. 2342

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - California’s Republicans are hoping to grow the party’s numbers in the state despite current odds.Roughly a quarter of California’s voters are registered Republican and in San Diego the GOP is seeing people jump ship.The San Diego GOP has lost thousands of voters in the last year with San Diego County Voter Registrar reporting 491,783 Republicans in May of 2018— compared to a little more 500,000 in May 2017.“A lot of that is the bullying or the stereotyping that goes on with being a conservative,” said Justin Clark, a 19-year-old conservative running for state assembly in Los Angeles, “you have a lot of people not wanting to identify as conservative, but a large portion of those 'undeclared to say' voters are.”The number of undeclared voters in San Diego is 476,186 in 2018 compared to approximately 461,000 just a year ago.“Whether your for or against the two-party system is irrelevant,” said Clark, “but its how those people feel. It’s why those decline to state numbers keep going up because they want to stay with them, they want to identify as them.”Among the California GOP’ers convening in San Diego the first weekend in May are other young faces.Morgan Murtaugh is a 25-year-old former news anchor running for Congress in California’s 53rd District, which is currently held by incumbent Democrat Susan Davis.Murtaugh says she’s gotten death threats over her conservative political leanings.“I mean my grandparents immigrated here from Mexico,” said Murtaugh, “I’m Mexican and I’m a woman. People look at me and they’re like ‘how are you identifying as a Republican they hate you?’ They don’t.”Murtaugh says she and other young Republicans are trying to break the stigma they say is a fabrication of the other side.“I want to change that assumption, said Murtaugh, “I want people to see that we can be for equal love, and we can be pro-environment. I really just hope we can get past these labels at some point.”There are 1.6 million registered voters in San Diego with more than 611,000 Democrats. 2043