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What color is your county and state?The Harvard Global Health Institute released an interactive map on Wednesday that shows the risk of contracting the coronavirus based on daily new cases per 100,000 people.Based on Harvard's guidelines, three US states need to implement stay-at-home orders, while an additional 13 should consider them. The map has four colors – green, yellow, orange and red – to demonstrate the risk by county and state. The map shows three states – Arizona, Florida and Mississippi – in the red for where infections are high. Just two states – Hawaii and Vermont—are in the green. While Hawaii requires face coverings in public setting such as retailers despite being one of only two states without community spread, the three states in red have not implemented mandatory face coverings in public. "We've left it to the locals to make decisions about whether they want to use coercive measures or impose any type of criminal penalties. We're not going to do that statewide," Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis said on Tuesday.According to Harvard Global Health Institute, when areas are shaded red, stay-at-home orders become necessary. So far, Arizona, Florida and Mississippi have not reinstituted stay-at-home orders despite being in the red. Arizona and Florida did announce that most bars can no longer serve alcohol on site.“The public needs clear and consistent information about COVID risk levels in different jurisdictions for personal decision-making, and policy-makers need clear and consistent visibility that permits differentiating policy across jurisdictions”, said Danielle Allen, director of the Edmond J. Safra Center for Ethics at Harvard University. “We also collectively need to keep focused on what should be our main target: a path to near zero case incidence.”Thirteen states are in the orange, meaning those states should consider either implementing stay-at-home orders or conduct rigorous tracing programs, Harvard said..“Local leaders need and deserve a unified approach for suppressing COVID-19, with common metrics so that they can begin to anticipate and get ahead of the virus, rather than reacting to uncontrolled community spread”, says Beth Cameron, Vice President for Global Biological Policy and Programs at the Nuclear Threat Initiative and a member of the COVID-Local.org team. “Unless and until there is a whole of government response, with measurable progress communicated similarly and regularly across every state and locality, U.S. leaders will be left to react to the chaos of the virus - rather than being able to more effectively target interventions to suppress it. “COVID RISK LEVEL: GREEN- Less than one case per 100,000 people- On track for containment- Monitor with viral testing and contact tracing programCOVID RISK LEVEL: YELLOW- 1-9 cases per 100,000 people- Community spread- Rigorous test and trace programs advisedCOVID RISK LEVEL: ORANGE- 10-24 cases per 100,000 people- Accelerated spread- Stay-at-home orders and/or rigorous test and trace programs advisedCOVID RISK LEVEL: RED- 25 or more cases per 100,000 people- Tipping point- Stay-at-home orders necessaryClick here to view the map. 3170

White House Counsel Don McGahn will be leaving his position this fall, according to a tweet from President Donald Trump."White House Counsel Don McGahn will be leaving his position in the fall, shortly after the confirmation (hopefully) of Judge Brett Kavanaugh to the United States Supreme Court. I have worked with Don for a long time and truly appreciate his service!" Trump tweeted.The news was first reported by Axios this morning.More on this as it develops.  478

When students across the US walk out of class for 17 minutes today, many of them will be wearing orange.It's more than just a simple choice in clothing — it's meant to send a powerful message.The color choice dates back to at least 2013 when 15-year-old Hadiya Pendleton was shot and killed in Chicago. Hadiya was an honor student who was killed in a case of mistaken identity -- a week after she performed at one of the events surrounding President Obama's second inauguration.Her parents, Cleopatra Cowley-Pendleton and Nathaniel Pendleton, picked the color orange to honor her and to call for gun reform.Why? It's what hunters wear to protect themselves — from other hunters.This is how their organization, We are Orange, explains it:"Orange is what hunters wear in the woods to protect themselves and others from harm. Orange is a bright, bold color that demands to be seen. Orange expresses our collective hope as a nation — a hope for a future free from gun violence."The group published a video that ends with the quote "So tell me, can you see me now?"Everytown for Gun Safety, a gun-control advocacy nonprofit, learned of the movement and brought it to the national level.The movement and choice of color has not gone without criticism, however. The National Rifle Association called the campaign "pointless" and a "thinly veiled anti-gun stunt" in a statement in its journal, America's 1st Freedom.It's not just students who have been wearing orange since the Parkland shooting. Celebrities at the Oscars this year also wore orange pins. 1565

What you flush down your toilet could be brought back up to detect COVID-19.“Anytime that we are talking about poop, it’s a subject that either brings laughter or disgust; maybe a combination of the two,” said John Putnam with Colorado Public Health and Environment. Putnam is helping lead a team to test human waste to determine molecule levels linked with the coronavirus.“This gives you early warning that there could be an upsurge or a lessening of the disease in the community,” he said.Putnam says a person that’s been exposed to COVID-19 will pass the virus through their feces and possibly even urine. The waste eventually flows into sewer systems, which scientists will now collect.“We can then take a sample at a wastewater plant and send it to a lab,” he said.Labs at places like Metropolitan State University of Denver.“One of the advantages of this approach is that everybody in the community makes a contribution to the sewage,” said Rebecca Ferrell, Ph.D., a biology professor at MSU Denver.She says that when people get infected with COVID-19, they often shed the virus for several days before showing symptoms. Adding that this specialized stool sampling can alert scientists that the virus is in a community before people start getting sick.“It can give you extra warning about what might be happening in the hospitals then days maybe even a week later when people get sick enough that they are going to make demands on health care that you need to anticipate,” Ferrell said.With the cost to collect this data much cheaper than other options, Ferrell says more scientists are now teaming up with more wastewater treatment plants across the country.“These are the kinds of techniques where a relatively small investment early on can help us to get those resources to the right place and we can keep the mortality low,” she said.Hoping to get ahead of the pandemic, testing number two is becoming the number one priority for some scientists. 1965

While we’re still waiting on a comprehensive COVID-19 vaccine distribution plan, the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security released an ethics framework Wednesday for who it says should be prioritized.There are two tiers of groups it says should go before the general public. No surprise, the first tier includes front line health care workers taking care of coronavirus patients, people over 65, those with underlying health conditions and their caregivers.Also noted are people who work in the vaccine industry and those who will be administering them. Also, school, food supply and public transportation workers.One issue with that first tier is that's a lot of people, more than 90 million by some estimates.“So, it’s quite possible when a vaccine is available, there won’t be enough available for everybody in this top tier and so there may need to be prioritization within this top tier,” said Dr. Eric Toner, senior scholar at the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security.The second-tier group includes other health care workers, people living in remote locations without access to quality care, and other essential workers like delivery, military, and first responders.It also includes people who live in places where they can’t socially distance, so inmates and people in shelters.The framework also mentions this is a decision that shouldn't only be made by experts and officials.“The public needs an opportunity to weigh in on this because, after all, they are the ones who are the recipients of the vaccines and whether they get it or not,” said Toner.The good news is the scholars don't see cost as a barrier to the vaccine. And while a vaccine is the best hope for controlling the pandemic, it will not be a magic bullet right away.“If we have a vaccine sometime this winter that’s authorized, it will be many months before everybody has access to it,” said Toner.Some decisions about who gets the vaccine first can't be made until one is ready, because you need to know how it may impact groups like the elderly or pregnant women. 2055

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