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With hurricane season in full swing, there's a lot of talk from meteorologists about hurricane "categories." What do they mean, and what do they tell us about a storm?It turns out, a hurricane's category is only based on one thing: wind speed.According to the National Hurricane Center's website, the agency relies on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale to determine a storm's strength. The scale categorizes a hurricane on a 1-5 scale, based on the storm's maximum sustained winds — the one-minute average of the wind speed taken from inside the storm.When storms over the Atlantic begin to organized into a rotating system around a central "eye," and sustained wind speeds in the storm reach 39 mph, it's classified as a tropical storm. Once wind speeds in the system reach 74 mph, it becomes a hurricane.From there, the NHC uses the Saffir-Simpson Scale to determine how much destruction a hurricane is expected to inflict on an area. While any hurricane is expected to cause damage to homes and topple some trees in its path, higher wind speeds can lead to trees blocking roads and downing power lines, isolating communities without power or access to water for weeks — or even months.STRENGTHMAX SUSTAINED WIND SPEEDDESTRUCTION CATEGORY 1Between 74 mph and 95 mphWell-constructed houses could have damage to roof, shingles, vinyl siding and gutters. Large branches of trees will snap and shallowly-rooted trees may be toppled. Extensive damage to power lines and poles likely will result in power outages that could last a few to several days. CATEGORY 2Between 96 mph and 110 mphHouses could sustain major roof and siding damage. Many shallowly rooted trees will be snapped or uprooted and block roads. Near-total power loss is expected with outages that could last from several days to weeks. CATEGORY 3 (major)Between 111 mph and 129 mphHouses may incur major damage or removal of roof decking and gable ends. Many trees — regardless of root depth — will be snapped or uprooted, blocking roads. Electricity and water will be unavailable for several days to weeks after the storm passes.CATEGORY 4 (major)Between 130 mph and 156 mphHouses can sustain severe damage with loss of most of the roof structure and possibly some exterior walls. Most trees will be snapped or uprooted and power poles will topple. Fallen trees and power poles will isolate residential areas. Power outages will last weeks to possibly months. Most of the area will be uninhabitable for weeks or months.CATEGORY 5 (major)Above 157 mphA high percentage of framed houses will be destroyed, with total roof failure and wall collapse. Fallen trees and power poles will isolate residential areas. Power outages will last for weeks to possibly months. Most of the area will be uninhabitable for weeks or months.Any hurricane that reaches Category 3, with sustained winds above 111 mph, is considered a "major" hurricane. According to the NHC, that's because "of their potential for significant loss of life and damage." But that doesn't mean Category 1 and 2 hurricanes can't be deadly.The NHC itself says that Category 1 and 2 hurricanes are "still dangerous" and "require preventative measures."While Hurricane Sandy peaked at Category 3 intensity when it made landfall in Cuba in 2012, it had collapsed into a post-tropical cyclone by the time it reached New Jersey on Oct. 29. Even though the storm only had Category 1 strength winds, it still resulted in the deaths of 131 people in America, according to media reports, and an estimated billion in damages — the second-costliest hurricane in U.S. history up to that point.The Saffir-Simpson Scale also doesn't take into account storm surge in coastal areas and flash flooding caused by the surge and heavy rain. Flooding can cause significant property damage and make main roads — including expressways — inaccessible. 3864

William and Catherine, the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge, have chosen an autumnal photo of their family sitting on a tree trunk for this year's Christmas card, which was made public on Friday.The Duchess can be seen smiling broadly as she holds baby Louis, while three-year-old Charlotte and five-year-old George hold on to their father.At the same time, Harry and Meghan, the Duke and Duchess of Sussex, released their own Christmas card that shows the pair embracing on their wedding night in May. 507

While Congress takes its time, major brands are stepping up to help small businesses.“That grant helped us tremendously to kind of keep everybody, give everybody a level of comfort that the company was on a solid financial footing, at least for a couple of months,” said Rohan Freeman, owner of 7 Summits Construction.Freeman owns a small construction company in Hartford, Connecticut, which received a ,000 dollar grant from Lowe’s that kept them from having to lay people off.Monday, Lowe’s opened its grant application process for small businesses, again. It runs through Sunday. Lowe’s says it will give million in grants.“We're seeing the impact that, you know, us having the ability to stay afloat and stay in business, having the community and now some of our nonprofits and some of our smaller clients are moving forward with their projects,” said Freeman.“As soon as we get to 2021, the pandemic doesn't go away and small businesses don't pick up from where they left. We need to continue to support them and ensure their future viability online,” said Liz Austin with eBay.eBay has helped small businesses during the pandemic by giving another 0,000 to 50 small businesses in grants.You can apply for a grant from eBay through December 11. Click here to learn more.eBay is also featuring small businesses on their holiday marketplace Pinterest and Instagram accounts. 1395

While working to get out the vote, Amy Schumer revealed some exciting news on Monday.The actress is expecting her first child with husband, Chris Fischer.Schumer announced her pregnancy in an Instagram story about the upcoming midterm elections via journalist Jessica Yellin. Yellin shared some of Schumer's candidate recommendations for voters and directed followers to read to the bottom of a list where Schumer wrote, "I'm pregnant."Schumer, 37, teased the reveal in a separate Instagram post, sharing a photo of herself and her husband made to look like a pregnant Meghan Markle and Prince Harry.The couple married in an intimate outdoor ceremony in Malibu, California last February. Fischer is a James Beard award-winning chef and author.Beyond her work in film and television, Schumer is an advocate for equal rights and ending gun violence. Earlier this month, she was arrested as part of a demonstration against the Supreme Court nomination of Brett Kavanaugh. 996

With millions of Americans getting tested for COVID-19 every single day, some are struggling with long waits for results.But now, researchers say there’s a much easier and faster way to test for the virus, and its right under your nose.“You scratch it, smell it, and then you have a choice of these different windows and you pick which one,” said Derek Toomre, Ph.D., a professor at Yale University School of Medicine.Toomre is part of U-Smell-It, a team that created a scratch-and-sniff app to help determine if someone has COVID-19 all through the sense of smell.“It's going to see how good your sense of smell is and if you do really well, you’ll pass,” Toomre said. “And if you don’t, it will say, ‘hey, you got something up.’”Despite being less accurate than a COVID-19 diagnostic test, this product is much faster and less costly. With results available in less than a minute and the cards costing 50 cents a pop, scientists say this smell app could outperform traditional tests at a fraction of the price.“We’re all familiar with the idea of testing people for fever as a way of finding people who have COVID,” said Roy Parker, Ph.D. a biochemistry professor at the University of Colorado, Boulder. “But that hasn’t worked very well.”Parker says with only about 20% of people with COVID-19 getting a fever, compared to 80% of people with COVID-19 reporting a loss a smell, a smell test is a much better indicator of COVID-19 infection than a temperature check.“It would make a big difference because you would identify people who have COVID, but they have such mild symptoms that they don’t know it and they’re out walking around potentially infecting other people and their family,” Park said.While commercially available, U-Smell-It is now looking for emergency FDA approval with the goal of getting their scratch-and-sniff cards into people’s hands and under their noses as quick as possible.“I can see people saying, ‘hey, this is not serious,’ and that’s fine, don’t take it serious,” Toomre said. “Let’s just try to do it and see if it works. And if you can’t smell that test and it’s saying, ‘hey, there’s something up’ well, you know, you should isolate and check out.” 2192

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