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BEIJING, July 11 (Xinhuanet) -- Gay and bisexual men account for around one in every three new cases of HIV in China, according to the latest official statistics released by the Ministry of Health.About 5 percent of the group - officially termed men who have sex with men, or MSM - are living with the virus, which is a rate that is 88 times higher than the national HIV prevalence rate of 0.057 percent.The problem is particularly acute in large urban centers, with the prevalence rate in some southwestern cities reaching almost 20 percent.However, the statistics also show that less than half of all gay and bisexual men have access to HIV screening, while about 15 percent of those who are infected are not receiving treatment."Cities are at the heart of China's development and progress and must remain at the forefront of its HIV response," said Michel Sidibe, executive director of the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), during a workshop about the HIV impact on MSM on Saturday in Chengdu, capital of Southwest China's Sichuan province."Through bold action cities can lead the way to achieving the UNAIDS vision of zero new HIV infections, zero discrimination and zero AIDS-related deaths," he said, according to a UNAIDS news release. "We hope that over the next year, many more Chinese cities will implement MSM strategies."Almost 10 percent of gay and bisexual men in Chengdu are HIV-positive, according to Yang Xiaoguang, director of the city's health bureau. He agreed with Sidibe that cities have a crucial role to play in AIDS prevention and added: "By working to build a strong, multi-sector response in Chengdu, with meaningful community participation, we can scale-up coverage of prevention, treatment and care services among MSM and halt the spread of HIV."During the workshop, senior Chinese health officials, representatives from civil societies and other delegates discussed a new five-year strategy that increases coverage of HIV prevention and treatment for the MSM population and promotes the participation of community organizations.Government estimates put China's population of gay men at between 5 and 10 million, although Zhang Beichuan, a leading expert on HIV at Qingdao University, puts the number closer to 30 million.Tong Ge, coordinator of China's MSM Health Forum, noted the importance of ensuring strong cooperation between the government and society."By building on the experiences of cities like Chengdu, which already have well developed AIDS responses, we can help promote multi-sector collaboration on an equal, orderly basis and strengthen the response to HIV nationwide," he said. "The next step will be to implement similar strategies in other cities nationwide."Chengdu's new strategy underscores the critical role community organizations can play in reaching MSM and other populations at a higher risk of infection, experts at the workshop said.In 2009, China had an estimated 740,000 people living with HIV/AIDS, according to UNAIDS statistics.

SAN FRANCISCO, July 28 (Xinhua) -- Amazon announced Thursday that it had reached an agreement with NBC Universal to allow its members to view certain movies from Universal Pictures on-line through its movie streaming service.According to the on-line retail giant, Oscar-winning movies such as "Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind," "Gosford Park" and "Elizabeth" as well as other favorites like "Notting Hill" and "Billy Elliot" are part of the pact.The movies will be available to Amazon Prime members through its streaming service Prime Instant Video. Amazon Prime is a membership program that gives subscribers discounts on shipping for a 79 U.S. dollar annual fee.In February, Amazon said it would offer Prime customers unlimited access to an on-line video library. Last Wednesday, Amazon announced an accord with CBS that expanded the video library to more than 8,000 movies and TV shows. It said Thursday that the NBC deal will bring the number to more than 9,000.With the CBS, NBC Universal deals, Amazon steps up its rivalry against other movie streaming services, especially Netflix, a popular on-line and mail-order movie rental company which just boosted prices by 60 percent for some subscribers. Analysts said Amazon is trying to make the pitch to those customers who are disappointed with Netflix.In a second-quarter earnings letter to investors distributed on Monday, Netflix CEO Reed Hastings said Netflix had more than 24.6 million subscribers in the U.S. at the end of June and vastly more streaming content than its competitors."We haven't detected an impact on our business from Amazon Prime," he noted.

WASHINGTON, Sept. 12 (Xinhua) -- An enzyme that appears to play a role in controlling the brain's response to nicotine and alcohol in mice might be a promising target for a drug that simultaneously would treat nicotine addiction and alcohol abuse in people, U.S. researchers find.Over the course of four weeks, mice genetically engineered to lack the gene for protein kinase C (PKC) epsilon consumed less of a nicotine-containing water solution than normal mice, and were less likely to return to a chamber in which they had been given nicotine. In contrast, normal mice steadily increased their consumption of nicotine solution while the mice lacking PKC epsilon did not.The study conducted by researchers at the Ernest Gallo Clinic and Research Center, affiliated with the University of California, San Francisco, appeared Monday in the online edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.In normal mice, as in humans, nicotine binds to a certain class of nicotinic receptors located on dopamine neurons, which causes dopamine to be released in the brain. Dopamine creates a feeling of enjoyment, and thus prompts a sense of reward. Researchers found that mice lacking PKC epsilon are deficient in these nicotinic receptors.The finding complements earlier research in which researchers found that mice genetically engineered to lack the PKC epsilon enzyme drank less alcohol than normal mice and were disinclined to return to a chamber in which they had been given alcohol."This could mean that these mice might not get the same sense of reward from nicotine or alcohol," said Gallo senior associate director and investigator Robert Messing. "The enzyme looks like it regulates the part of the reward system that involves these nicotinic receptors."The reward system is a complex of areas in the brain that affect craving for nicotine, alcohol and other addictive substances.The next step in the research, said Messing, would be to develop compounds that inhibit PKC epsilon. The ultimate goal, he added, would be medications that could be used "to take the edge off of addiction by helping people get over some of their reward craving."

CHENGDU, Sept. 20 (Xinhua) -- A United Nations official said Tuesday that she hopes China will take every opportunity to reinforce, support and lead the UN's agenda and "infuse it with strength and wisdom.""The more China gives, the better the UN can become," said Renata Lok-Dessallien, UN Resident Coordinator and United Nations Development Program (UNDP) Resident Representative in China, at the Seminar in Memory of the 40th Anniversary of the Resumption of Lawful Rights of China in the United Nations.The three-day seminar from Sept. 19 to 21 is being held in the city of Chengdu in southwest China's Sichuan Province. About 100 UN and Chinese officials are gathering to discuss China's role in the UN, as well as the UN's role in global diplomacy.Lok-Dessallien said that the General Assembly Resolution of Oct. 25, 1971 was an "important milestone in China's international relations and in the history of the United Nations.""It restored the rights of the People's Republic of China in the United Nations and marked China's entry to the world stage," she said.Steven Sabey, a senior policy advisor from the UNDP's China office, said that China plays an important role in facilitating cooperation about the member states of the United Nations."China needs the United Nations, and the United Nations also needs China," said Wu Hailong, China's assistant minister of foreign affairs."We must recognize that as the largest developing country in the world, China needs to manage its domestic affairs first, as this can have a positive effect on humanity as a whole," Wu said.As China's role in the world continues to grow and evolve, the UN's role in China will also grow, according to Lok-Dessallien."As China's development trajectory continues to evolve, we are entering significantly new territory in the UN-China relationship," she said.Sabey said that he hopes China will strengthen its cooperation with the United Nations in order to further improve intercultural communication and allow China to contribute more to other developing countries."The United Nations is committed to continuing to deepen and strengthen our partnership as we tackle the many global challenges ahead," said Lok-Dessallien.

BERLIN, June 14 (Xinhua) -- A two-year-old boy became the first child to be killed by the deadly E. coli in Germany on Tuesday, officials said.To date, the terrifying EHEC infection has claimed 36 lives in Germany and one in Sweden.The child, from the northern town of Celle, died in hospital in Hanover of kidney failure and abnormal breakdown of red blood cells, two extreme symptoms of the infection with enterohaemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC), authorities in the state of Lower Saxony said.The boy became the youngest known fatal victim since the outbreak of E. coli in May. His father and 10-year-old brother were also infected with the deadly bacteria, but are recovering, doctors told a local newspaper.The Robert Koch Institute, Germany's national disease prevention and control agency, said on Tuesday that a total of 3, 235 cases had been reported in the country. Among them, 782 people are suffering from haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS), a life- threatening illness arising from E. coli, which would destroy human kidney and nervous system.The institute added that the number of new infections is declining sharply in recent days, with only seven reported on Tuesday.German authorities announced on Friday that bean sprouts from a farm in northern Germany were one source of the outbreak, and dropped the previous warning against eating raw cucumbers, tomatoes and lettuce. However, the food panic has caused losses worth hundreds of millions of dollars for European farmers.