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SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — As the world waits for a vaccine against the coronavirus, two San Diego biotechs are teaming up to develop a nasal spray using designer antibodies cloned from COVID-19 survivors.About 70 companies worldwide are working on therapies for COVID-19 using cloned antibodies, according to an estimate by the International AIDS Vaccine Initiative. A few of these treatments, known officially as monoclonal antibody therapies, have advanced to clinical trials.Most require an injection, but San Diego-based Diomics and its partner Active Motif, based in Carlsbad, are developing a once-a-day spray that could be easily self-administered.Early research suggests the coronavirus primarily enters the body through the nose. The spray, called Dioguard, is designed to coat the lining of the nasal cavity with cloned antibodies that are held in place for 24 hours or more using a proprietary polymer material developed by Diomics.Diomics CEO Anthony Zolezzi said he believes the spray “holds the key to allowing many aspects of life to resume until the day comes when there’s an effective vaccine in widespread use.”Diomics is also developing two tests for COVID-19 antibodies using its polymer beads, including a device that looks like a nicotine patch that is designed to monitor for infections for a week or more.RELATED: How a dot on your forearm could be the future sign of COVID immunityActive Motif is providing the cloned antibodies for the nasal spray. With a lab in Shanghai and other relationships in China, the Carlsbad company was able to clone antibodies from 11 Chinese survivors in February, before the World Health Organization declared a pandemic.When the company started the cloning project, they thought the virus would probably disappear in three to six months, said Active Motif CEO Ted DeFrank. “Then people started realizing, no this is going to be with us for a while.”The plasma from the 11 Chinese patients contained thousands of antibodies, and scientists with Active Motif set about selecting the one that was most effective, dubbed 414-1. The company says it can neutralize SARS-CoV-2 virus particles with 98 percent effectiveness.Monoclonal antibodies have some similarities to convalescent plasma, which is a complex cocktail of antibodies and other immune molecules drawn from the blood of recovered patients. One of the key differences is that cloned antibodies can be mass produced in a lab.Cloned antibodies have been used in treatments for more than 30 years, primarily for cancer. One such treatment famously helped former U.S. President Jimmy Carter beat melanoma.But of the more than 100 monoclonal antibody therapies licensed for use, only seven are for communicable diseases, according to IAVI.Historically, the treatments have been expensive and difficult to produce, but Diomics said it’s targeting a price of about a spray for Dioguard, roughly per bottle.“We do not want to have huge profits from a pandemic, that’s just wrong,” Zolezzi said. “We’re going to price this as effectively as we can for the masses. We want to get this out to the masses.”Animal testing is about to begin and the companies said they hope to progress to human trials soon. Their goal is to release the spray in early 2021, when a vaccine may be on the market but not yet widely available.If the spray works, it could be adapted to other viruses to help fight future pandemics, Zolezzi said."That’s our real goal," Zolezzi said. "That we never get caught flat-footed like this time." 3526

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) -- Crews responded Wednesday afternoon to two brush fires that scorched an area near Mission Trails Regional Park. According to firefighters, the fire broke out near Hemingway Drive and Jackson Drive around 1:40 p.m. At this time, it's unclear if any homes are being evacuated.Once crews arrived, they discovered that two spot fires were burning in the same area. Firefighters were able to stop the forward progress of the blazes around 2 p.m. RELATED: Gusty Santa Ana winds, dry conditions prompt Red Flag Warning for San Diego CountyThe first fire burned about an acre while the second scorched roughly half an acre. No one was injured and no structures were damaged. Sky10 was over the fire shortly after it started. Watch video in the player below:  813

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — As the Padres take the field on Friday for their home opener against the Arizona Diamondbacks, fans will not be in the stands in the traditional sense.Instead, the Padres plan to deploy cut-outs of players' family members or loved ones, military members, and select fans to populate Petco Park's seats.During the season, fan cardboard cutouts will be placed in the Lexus Home Plate Club Seats behind home plate, according to the team. Every homestand will feature a different theme, starting with players' families and inspirational figures during opening weekend.RELATED: San Diego video game makers to help fill silence during MLB seasonPadres players and their families submitted photos, including pics of their pets, to be in their special cheer section. The team says 79 photos will be featured. Throughout the season, other themes will include Padres season ticket members, frontline workers, a celebration of Jackie Robinson Day, the 100th anniversary of the Negro League, military members, and first responders.Other chances for fans to get in the stands will be made available through Petco for a limited number of fans to be featured in the Barkyard by Petco section and through USAA for military members in the Military Appreciation Section (Section 325).RELATED: MLB playoffs expanded to 16 teams for 2020, reports sayThe cardboard cutout trend is being utilized more and more by teams during 2020's fanless season at ballparks amid the COVID-19 pandemic.One option has also been to feed in crowd noise. Sorrento Valley-based San Diego Studio, the creators of MLB The Show 20, were tasked with filling up the silence of the ballparks by calling on a large collection of real sounds for just about any play. 1745

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) – Authorities are investigating a car fire in Spring Valley that may possibly be linked to a fire that scorched part of a La Mesa hair salon less than half an hour before.At around 3:10 a.m. Monday, firefighters and sheriff’s Bomb/Arson investigators were called to the Slay Lounge on 8739 Broadway in La Mesa in response to a fire in a Dumpster.The fire caused some minor damage to the salon and some other businesses at the strip mall.Investigators discovered an object at the scene that may have sparked the blaze.Less than 30 minutes later, crews were called to an import auto car lot in the 9100 block of Campo Road in Spring Valley in response to a car on fire. One car was completely destroyed, and the flames damaged other nearby vehicles. Investigators are trying to determine if the car fire is somehow related to the Dumpster fire in La Mesa. No injuries were reported in either blaze. 921

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — Back in 1960, a young Amos Johnson Jr. was studying theology in Berkeley, Calif.It was the first time he was old enough to vote. Although he could cast a ballot without issue here in California, African Americans in southern states faced plenty of challenges."There were so many Jim Crow laws to keep blacks from voting in the south, all the civil rights in the south were really diminished," said Johnson.He describes the years leading up to the passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1965, which bans racial discrimination in voting, as a time filled with protest and frustration around the country."It was a chaotic time, it was a time of great distress," he said.For the longtime San Diego pastor, the right to vote isn't something he's ever taken for granted. He says since being able to cast a ballot for himself, he's voted in every single election he could."I think that's where the power is. Voting is a real privilege, in my mind, it's an obligation if you want change," Johnson said. 1018