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Their youthful brains were developing normally, with no signs of developmental, psychological or neurological problems. None had ever had a concussion. But by the end of a single football season, 24 children between the ages of 9 and 18 who had more frequent impacts to the head showed signs of damage to brain development, new research says."Repetitive head impact exposure may have a cumulative effect in the rapidly developing brains of youth and high school football players," said study co-author Gowtham Krishnan Murugesan, a radiology research assistant at UT Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas, adding that the results mirror other recent findings.The study outfitted 60 youth and high school football players who had no history of head trauma or developmental issues with a head impact telemetry system that measures the magnitude, location and direction of impacts to the head. The researchers were not looking at whether the impact resulted in a concussion, only that impact occurred.The children were sorted into two categories: high cumulative head impact players (24) and low cumulative head impact players (36).Before beginning to play, each child had a resting state functional scan, known as an fMRI; the scans were repeated at the end of football season. The researchers were trying to see how exposure to repetitive hits affects the normal "pruning" process in the brain that occurs during adolescence."Pruning is an essential part of brain development," Murugesan said, comparing the process to how a tree needs to have dead or unneeded branches cut to keep it healthy and allow it to grow."Disruption in normal pruning has been shown to be related to weaker connections between different parts of the brain," he said.After comparing the functional MRI results to the player's level of impact, the researchers found that youth in the high-impact group had damage to their brains' pruning process after one season."Our study has found a significant decrease in gray matter pruning in the frontal default mode network, which is involved in higher cognitive functions, such as the planning and controlling of social behaviors, " Murugesan said.Although the "teenage years are a critical time for brain development, brain remodeling or synaptic pruning, this was a short-term study and did not follow the players longitudinally over several years. We don't really know the full application," said Dr. Julian Bailes, director of neurosurgery and co-director of the NorthShore University HealthSystem Neurological Institute, who was not involved in the research.Weill Cornell neurologist Dr. Richard Isaacson, who was also not involved in the study, called the research "early" and said the results don't necessarily "translate to a clinical or cognitive outcome." More research is needed to see whether the decline in brain pruning permanently affected the child's cognitive function or whether the brain's natural plasticity allowed it to repair itself."I would call this a pilot study," Isaacson said. "The call to action would be that we need more robust longitudinal studies with a pre- and a post-assessment of more than brain imaging. The study should also measure cognitive and neurological function and look for changes."As we learn more about the issue, Isaacson said, parents should do everything they can to limit contact in sports, "especially in practice before games, where studies show the majority of contact occurs." 3464

They've spent weeks trekking across Mexico, trying to reach the United States. But dozens of migrants will be deported and will never touch US soil, Mexican authorities said.About 500 migrants on the Mexican side of the border overwhelmed police blockades near the San Ysidro Port of Entry on Sunday, two journalists in Tijuana said. That forced a temporary closure of the major border crossing into San Diego.Tijuana police said they arrested 39 people Sunday in connection with the attempt to cross the border illegally. Those identified as trying to rush the US border illegally will be processed for deportation in their home countries, Mexico's Interior Ministry said.PHOTOS: Migrants converge at Tijuana-San Diego borderOn the US side, 69 people were arrested entering illegally, US Customs and Border Protection Commissioner Kevin McAleenan said Monday.US President Donald Trump threatened to close the border "permanently if need be." He also claimed many of the migrants are "stone cold criminals," but gave zero evidence to support that claim."Mexico should move the flag waving Migrants, many of whom are stone cold criminals, back to their countries," Trump tweeted Monday. "Do it by plane, do it by bus, do it anyway you want, but they are NOT coming into the U.S.A. We will close the Border permanently if need be. Congress, fund the WALL! 1361

There are things you do that may take little thought, like text a friend, FaceTime a relative, or order something off Amazon. But, for many senior citizens, these actions are new."Technology is slowly opening up all these doors to different things. To watch YouTube videos, they’ve never seen anything like that," said Connie Nelson, franchise owner of Visiting Angels.Nelson works with the elderly, who need assistance in their homes. She says introducing this generation that’s used to delayed gratification to technology is playing a huge role in helping them get through this pandemic."I think the biggest surprise for them is how instant it is. They’re used to a phone call, somebody has to answer. This is just instant. You text a grandchild and they text you immediately," said Nelson.The technology Nelson’s at-home caregivers are teaching the senior citizens ranges from texting to ordering groceries from Alexa."They’re sitting there all day, waiting. They’re waiting for a phone call or they’re waiting for a visit, and sometimes they don’t come because everybody’s busy. But once you hand technology to them, the response is there," said Nelson.And while most of this education is for entertainment purposes, Nelson says they’re walking patients through telemedicine in hopes they’ll continue using it in the future."I think at first they’re a little standoffish. Like, ‘No, he has to see me, touch me. He has to check my ears.’ And, if they can get past that, they won’t get the physical exam, but you’ll get that face-to-face where you can actually tell him what’s going on. It’s not going to replace all visits, but some it can," said Nelson.Teaching them skills like FaceTime, even using social media like Facebook, is keeping them connected to those who may not be able to visit right now."Once they learn it, it’s so rewarding because they’re staying up to date with what’s going on in their loved ones’ lives," said Nelson.Learning the new tech is helping to cure the loneliness that can come with the COVID-19 pandemic. 2047

Tourism spending in Oceanside set a record in 2017, with visitors shelling out 1 million last year.The new numbers, from a study by Dean Runyon Associates, were announced at the city's 8th annual Tourist Summit."It’s an exciting time in Oceanside," says Visit Oceanside CEO Leslee Gaul. "We’re really going through renaissance here."The city has had seven straight years of growth in tourist spending. The numbers in 2017 were 10.1% higher than 2016. Employment in the industry is also growing steadily. Tourism supports more than 3,300 jobs in Oceanside, and jobs in that sector have had averaged a 5.1% increase since 2010.Tourists spent 0 million on hotel rooms in 2017. That's up 11% from the year before, and it's twice the amount they spent in 2010. That gave the city  million in Transient Occupancy Taxes, money that goes directly into the city's general fund to pay for city services, infrastructure, parks and more.Gaul thinks more people are coming to Oceanside because the city offers a more laid-back version of the Southern California lifestyle."We’re still one of the classics, Southern California beach communities," she says. "We really have what appeals to visitors today. They’re looking for that local, authentic experience and I think being slow to grow over the past few years has really been a benefit to our community."Local business owners say the increase in tourists is helping them expand as well. Arthur Escobar owns Oceanside Boat Rentals. He says business is so good, he's already bought two new boats for this summer season. He expects to buy two more by the end of the summer. He's also hiring 7 or 8 more employees for the season."This is a nice, friendly town," says Escobar. "There's no hustle and bustle, The beach here is incredible, three miles of big sandy beaches, you don’t get that most places."The study also showed a significant increase in spending at local restaurants. Gaul thinks that's part of what's fueling the city's renaissance. "There have been dozens of new restaurants opening in the last few years, and we have more on the horizon," she says.There are also more hotels planned, including a pair of new properties near the iconic Oceanside Pier. One will be a resort-style hotel with 226 rooms. The other is a boutique-style hotel that will have 160 rooms and incorporate a renovation of the Top Gun house.  2410

Tis’ the season to light up the night.In a downtown Denver high-rise apartment building, people are letting their Christmas spirit shine by decorating their balconies.“At least we can light it up and make people smile,” said resident Kim Dozier.Out West in Southern California, an Orange County neighborhood is celebrating the holidays by covering their houses and stringing lights across their street.“We see kids and families coming out here every night,” said homeowner Bruce Barfell.Across the country in New Jersey, the holiday spirit glows as people cover their houses with festive décor.And in San Antonio, Texas, there’s a battle to see who’s the biggest and brightest.These are some of the competitive Christmas lighting celebrations happening during this holiday season.“It’s a light beaming from all of us,” Dozier said of her building’s competition, adding it’s bringing some much-needed light to what’s been a dark 2020 for some.“It’s about showing the world we’re still alive,” she said. “Just because we have this insane time to stay at home and we’re going to have fun no matter what.”From the Mile High City to the California coast, spreading holiday cheer has been a bit more challenging during the COVID-19 crisis.“This year, unlike other years, it’s harder to kind of fill that Christmas spirit,” said Matt Eyre of Laguna Niguel.He and neighbor Barfell are looking to help people temporarily escape the pandemic through dazzling displays of lights.Though Barfell is looking to capture his neighborhood’s Christmas lighting competition for the tenth year in a row, he says whether win or lose, naughty or nice, it’s good to see little holiday magic.“We just do it for the enjoyment we get and also for what, you know, what people tell us when we’re outside,” Barfell said. “How much they appreciate this.”Spreading Christmas cheer through some friendly competition.“Competitive Christmas e lights is just another way to shine the love around everywhere,” Dozier said. “We’ve been held down for so many reasons for so long. So, Christmas, just lets you know just let it shine.” 2103