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Scientists from all over the world recently returned home after the largest Arctic expedition to date.The Polarstern, a German ice breaker, housed hundreds of scientists who spent time over the past year to do research in the Arctic.“The MOSAiC Expedition is an expedition to the central Arctic. We took a ship, an icebreaker ship, and froze it in the arctic sea ice. It stayed there and drifted with that ice for a full year and that ship served as a platform for doing all kinds of research to understand the changing Arctic sea ice and the implications that has on the arctic system and global system,” Matthew Shupe, scientist and co-coordinator of the MOSAiC Expedition, said. He is also a professor at the University of Colorado Boulder.“MOSAiC really represents the largest expedition to the arctic ever,” he said. “MOSAiC is, I would say, very photogenic. It’s really compelling and captivating to all kinds of audiences.”But the data collected and changed observed during the rip serve a larger purpose than just beautiful, picturesque nature videos and photos.“The Arctic is changing. The sea ice is changing and we knew this,” Shupe said. “But when we went there the ice was thinner than we expected.”That change impacts a number of things. Shupe said as the Arctic changes, it’s opening for business. “It’s opening for cargo transportation, it’s opening for tourism.”It’s an indicator of larger changes as well.“Can potentially affect our weather, you can imagine the large scale circulation of our globe is dependent on things like a cold North Pole versus warm tropics and that affects the large scale circulation,” he said.The data these scientists collected over the span of a year will be used for global climate and weather prediction models.“These models rely on information, we have to understand the Earth's system in order to model it,” Shupe said.Hundreds of scientists from 37 different nations, all focusing on different projects, funded in part by U.S. tax dollars.“This is funded by the national science foundation, department of energy, NOAA, NASA, these are institutions that are funding this kind of research to understand arctic change and how it affects all of us," Shupe said.Next year, you’ll be able to experience the Arctic, too.“This planetarium film is an educational documentary about the MOSAiC Expedition,” said Lianna Nixon, a filmmaker, who spent a few months aboard Polarstern. She documented the expedition for a few months to bring the Arctic to everyone. “What we wanted to do was really express what kinds of science people were doing in the field and take that into your local planetarium.”The 30-minute film will be available at planetariums as soon as next year -- a 2D version will also be available.“The Arctic impacts all of us no matter where we live. The polar regions drive a lot of our global climate systems,” Nixon said.Expeditions to the Arctic have been happening for more than 100 years, but this new data collected by MOSAiC will be used in the science community for years to come.“MOSAiC is building on this history of expeditions to the Arctic,” Shupe said. 3131

SANFORD, Fla. — You've surely heard of the K-9 unit utilized by law enforcement agencies across the nation, but it was cows that came to the aid of one Florida police department Sunday.Sanford Police was after two suspects who crashed a stolen car, bailed out and ran.  282

SAN FRANCISCO (AP) — San Francisco supervisors moved a step closer Tuesday to becoming the first city in the U.S. to ban all sales of electronic cigarettes to crack down on youth vaping.In a unanimous vote, supervisors approved a ban on the sale and distribution of e-cigarettes. They also endorsed a ban on manufacturing of e-cigarettes on city property. The measures will require a subsequent vote before becoming law."We spent the '90s battling big tobacco, and now we see its new form in e-cigarettes," Supervisor Shamann Walton said.The supervisors acknowledged that the legislation would not entirely prevent youth vaping, but they hoped it would be a start."This is about thinking about the next generation of users and thinking about protecting the overall health and sending a message to the rest of the state and the country: Follow our lead," Supervisor Ahsha Safaí said.City Attorney Dennis Herrera said young people "have almost indiscriminate access to a product that shouldn't even be on the market." Because the Food and Drug Administration has not yet completed a study to assess the public health consequences of e-cigarettes and approved or rejected them, he said, "it's unfortunately falling to states and localities to step into the breach."Most experts agree that e-cigarettes are less harmful than the paper-and-tobacco variety because they do not produce all the cancer-causing byproducts found in cigarette smoke. But researchers say they are only beginning to understand the risks of e-cigarettes, which they think may damage the lungs and blood vessels.Since 2014, e-cigarettes have been the most commonly used tobacco product among young people in the country. Last year, 1 in 5 U.S. high school students reported vaping in the previous month, according to a government survey .FDA spokesman Michael Felberbaum said in a statement that the agency will continue to fight e-cigarette use, including preventing youth access to the products, acting against manufacturers and retailers who illegally market or sell the products to minors and educating young people about health risks.Leading San Francisco-based e-cigarette company Juul frames vaping as a healthier alternative to smoking tobacco. Juul has said it has taken steps to deter children from using its products. The company said in a statement that it has made its online age-verification process more robust and shut down its Instagram and Facebook accounts to try to discourage vaping by those under 21."But the prohibition of vapor products for all adults in San Francisco will not effectively address underage use and will leave cigarettes on shelves as the only choice for adult smokers, even though they kill 40,000 Californians every year," Juul spokesman Ted Kwong said.Tuesday's vote also sets the stage for a November ballot fight over e-cigarettes. Juul has already contributed 0,000 to the Coalition for Reasonable Vaping Regulation, which is set to gather signatures to put an initiative on the issue before voters.The American Vaping Association opposed San Francisco's proposal as well, saying adult smokers deserve access to less hazardous alternatives."Going after youth is a step that you can take before taking these out of the hands of adults," said the association's president, Gregory Conley.Groups representing small businesses also opposed the measures, which they said could force stores to close."We need to enforce the rules that we have in place already," said Carlos Solórzano, CEO of the Hispanic Chamber of Commerce of San Francisco.Walton said he would establish a working group to support small businesses and address their concerns.Although San Francisco's ban is unlike any other in the country, the Public Health Law Center at Mitchell Hamline School of Law reports that all but two states have at least one law restricting youth access to e-cigarettes. City voters last year approved a ban on sales of candy and fruit-flavored tobacco products.Stanton Glantz, a professor of medicine at the University of California San Francisco Center for Tobacco Control and Research and a supporter of the measures, said e-cigarettes are associated with heart attacks, strokes and lung disease.The presence of e-cigarettes, he said, has "completely reversed the progress we've made in youth smoking in the last few years." 4342

SAN YSIDRO, Calif. (KGTV) — One man was found dead near train tracks in San Ysidro on Wednesday, prompting a homicide investigation.San Diego Police were called to the area of 300 S. Vista Ave. just before 3:30 p.m. Officers arrived to find a person, described as a Hispanic man in his 20s or 30s, down in the roadway. The man had trauma to his upper body.First responders began CPR and first aid before the man was pronounced dead at the scene.Homicide detectives were called to the scene for the investigation, but SDPD says very little is known about the circumstances surrounding the man's death.The victim has not been identified.Anyone with information is asked to call SDPD's Homicide Unit at 619-531-2293 or Crime Stoppers at 888-580-8477. 755

SCOTTSDALE, Arizona — It's not paper or plastic that's taking over a Scottsdale, Arizona recycling center — it's trash. Every day at Republic Services workers line a conveyer belt scouring for items that don't belong. But the belts are moving slower than they used to. That's because so much trash has been moving through, workers need more time to pick it out. "A cushion like this, not recyclable," Richard Coupland with Republic Services said. "Baby seats, not recyclable." But it's not just time-consuming. Coupland said when you put things that don't belong into a recycle bin, it can contaminate the other items that do belong. In return, that produces more trash. "Focus on your fundamental material, but most importantly that it's empty, clean and dry," he said. Fundamental material includes paper, plastic, aluminum and cardboard. However, if you're recycling a ketchup bottle, it must be completely empty and rinsed out. All the trash coming through the center is also costing more money. Coupland said China was at one time one of the largest buyers of recyclable material. However, the center has stopped shipping items there. "They've lowered their acceptable criteria from 3 percent to .5 percent," Coupland said. "That's a level that few folks are able to achieve right now without making significant changes to their operation." That's forcing the company to sell all it's paper, plastic, and aluminum to different markets, at a cost. "Those markets are not able to pay the same value for the material," Coupland said.In return, that can cost you more when it comes to pick up fees. However, you can help by being conscious about what you put in your bin. "Many don't realize that the bottom of a pizza box which is contaminated with grease of a pizza, that's trash," Coupland said. "No one is interested in buying that. So the proper thing to do is rip the box, give me the top and throw away the bottom."  2052