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While my pushing the money drenched but heavily bureaucratic @US_FDA saved five years in the approval of NUMEROUS great new vaccines, it is still a big, old, slow turtle. Get the dam vaccines out NOW, Dr. Hahn @SteveFDA. Stop playing games and start saving lives!!!— Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) December 11, 2020 333

With hurricane season in full swing, there's a lot of talk from meteorologists about hurricane "categories." What do they mean, and what do they tell us about a storm?It turns out, a hurricane's category is only based on one thing: wind speed.According to the National Hurricane Center's website, the agency relies on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale to determine a storm's strength. The scale categorizes a hurricane on a 1-5 scale, based on the storm's maximum sustained winds — the one-minute average of the wind speed taken from inside the storm.When storms over the Atlantic begin to organized into a rotating system around a central "eye," and sustained wind speeds in the storm reach 39 mph, it's classified as a tropical storm. Once wind speeds in the system reach 74 mph, it becomes a hurricane.From there, the NHC uses the Saffir-Simpson Scale to determine how much destruction a hurricane is expected to inflict on an area. While any hurricane is expected to cause damage to homes and topple some trees in its path, higher wind speeds can lead to trees blocking roads and downing power lines, isolating communities without power or access to water for weeks — or even months.STRENGTHMAX SUSTAINED WIND SPEEDDESTRUCTION CATEGORY 1Between 74 mph and 95 mphWell-constructed houses could have damage to roof, shingles, vinyl siding and gutters. Large branches of trees will snap and shallowly-rooted trees may be toppled. Extensive damage to power lines and poles likely will result in power outages that could last a few to several days. CATEGORY 2Between 96 mph and 110 mphHouses could sustain major roof and siding damage. Many shallowly rooted trees will be snapped or uprooted and block roads. Near-total power loss is expected with outages that could last from several days to weeks. CATEGORY 3 (major)Between 111 mph and 129 mphHouses may incur major damage or removal of roof decking and gable ends. Many trees — regardless of root depth — will be snapped or uprooted, blocking roads. Electricity and water will be unavailable for several days to weeks after the storm passes.CATEGORY 4 (major)Between 130 mph and 156 mphHouses can sustain severe damage with loss of most of the roof structure and possibly some exterior walls. Most trees will be snapped or uprooted and power poles will topple. Fallen trees and power poles will isolate residential areas. Power outages will last weeks to possibly months. Most of the area will be uninhabitable for weeks or months.CATEGORY 5 (major)Above 157 mphA high percentage of framed houses will be destroyed, with total roof failure and wall collapse. Fallen trees and power poles will isolate residential areas. Power outages will last for weeks to possibly months. Most of the area will be uninhabitable for weeks or months.Any hurricane that reaches Category 3, with sustained winds above 111 mph, is considered a "major" hurricane. According to the NHC, that's because "of their potential for significant loss of life and damage." But that doesn't mean Category 1 and 2 hurricanes can't be deadly.The NHC itself says that Category 1 and 2 hurricanes are "still dangerous" and "require preventative measures."While Hurricane Sandy peaked at Category 3 intensity when it made landfall in Cuba in 2012, it had collapsed into a post-tropical cyclone by the time it reached New Jersey on Oct. 29. Even though the storm only had Category 1 strength winds, it still resulted in the deaths of 131 people in America, according to media reports, and an estimated billion in damages — the second-costliest hurricane in U.S. history up to that point.The Saffir-Simpson Scale also doesn't take into account storm surge in coastal areas and flash flooding caused by the surge and heavy rain. Flooding can cause significant property damage and make main roads — including expressways — inaccessible. 3864

Whether you can afford a home depends — a lot — on the city you want to call home. A modest income can go a long way in Cumberland, Maryland, the metropolitan area with the nation’s most affordable houses. In contrast, the least affordable homes are in the San Jose, California, metropolitan area — the center of Silicon Valley.In Cumberland, a median-priced house costs less than two years’ median household income. By contrast, the typical home in San Jose costs about 10 years of household income.NerdWallet calculated affordability for 173 metropolitan areas by comparing the median annual household income and the monthly principal-and-interest payment for a median-priced single-family home. “Median” means half of the values or incomes are higher and half are lower. Those comparisons revealed the five most- and least-affordable markets for buying a home.The lists were compiled using data from the National Association of Realtors, the Census Bureau and NerdWallet surveys.? MORE: How much can you afford in your area? 1045

When cruise lines begin sailing again, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has some guidance. The health agency issued their “framework for resuming safe and responsible cruise ship” operations Friday, ahead of the no-sail order expiring Saturday.The no-sail order, which originally began in April, prohibits cruise ships from carrying 250 passengers in waters subject to US jurisdiction.The CDC said it has identified at least 3,689 coronavirus-related illnesses, and 41 associated deaths, connected to cruise ships. Although the CDC cautions these figures are likely an underestimate.The framework urges a phased approach, and applies to ships that have the capacity to carry at least 250 passengers in waters subject to U.S. jurisdiction.“A phased approach is necessary because of the continued spread of the COVID-19 pandemic worldwide, risk of resurgence in countries that have suppressed transmission, ongoing concerns related to restarting of cruising internationally, and need for additional time for the cruise industry to test the effectiveness of measures to control potential COVID-19 transmission on board cruise ships with passengers without burdening public health,” a statement from the CDC reads.During the beginning, cruise line operators will have to demonstrate adherence to testing, quarantine and isolation plans, as well as social distancing requirements for passengers and crew members.The CDC says they will help by “establishing a laboratory team dedicated to cruise ships to provide information and oversight of COVID-19 testing,” updating instructions and creating a system to track ship status and passenger cases.Meanwhile, cruise lines will need to build out the capacity and ability to test crew and passengers on a regular basis.In their framework, the CDC says there may be simulated, or mock, voyages with volunteers to test cruise ship operators’ ability to apply COVID-19 mitigation measures.Although the no-sail order will be lifted, Carnival, Royal Caribbean and other cruise lines have already cancelled sailings until 2021. 2083

What does defunding the police really mean?From Los Angeles to Minneapolis to New York City advocates are pushing for widespread police reform in the form of reduced police budgets. HOW MUCH WILL BE CUT?So far, American cities are taking a slow approach to the demands of advocates. Leaders in Minneapolis, the site of George Floyd's death, have called for the most significant changes with City Council agreeing to dismantle its police department. Los Angeles' Mayor is calling for 0 million budget cut. Minneapolis' City Council is exploring a 0 million cut. New York City's Comptroller has called on the Mayor to cut the NYPD by .1 billion over the next four years. Depending on the number, cuts to police departments could mean fewer officers and most likely fewer programs offered by police departments. WHERE DO ADVOCATES WANT THE MONEY TO GO?In short, leaders in the Black Lives Matter movement want the money currently allocated to police to be re-invested in communities instead. That could take the shape of city development in an often forgotten part of town or in mental health awareness campaigns. Homeless outreach and improved educational opportunities have also been mentioned. NPR recently profiled an effort in Eugene, Oregon, that dispatches social workers to certain emergency calls instead of officers. Advocates support measures like that as well. WILL CRIME INCREASE?You can't have a discussion on defunding police without exploring the possibility that crime could increase. But there is evidence that crime can actually go down with fewer police officers. A 2017 study found that when NYPD reduced its proactive policing polices in 2015 and 20`14, the number of criminal complaints filed actually decreased in New York City. The Fraternal Order of Police though disagrees. Sgt. Robert Pride, who met with President Trump at the White House this week, said he believes more officers would want to leave law enforcement if major programs were defunded. "That's not a profession I want to be apart of," Pride said. WILL THIS ACTUALLY HAPPEN?Police reform has been talked about before but never on this scale. It will also depend on whether the political pressure on city councils and mayors across the country continue. The "defund" movement is likely in its very early stages. 2316

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