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WASHINGTON, June 6 (Xinhua) -- A new University of Missouri study shows that the exposure to the controversial chemical Bisphenol A (BPA) through diet has been underestimated by previous lab tests.The findings were published on Monday in Environmental Health Perspectives.In the study, researchers compared BPA concentrations in mice that were given a steady diet supplemented with BPA throughout the day, compared to the more common lab method of single exposure, and found an increased absorption and accumulation of BPA in the blood of the mice.The authors continuously exposed the mice to BPA through their feed, which is considered the primary route of exposure to this chemical in animals and humans. In previous studies examining the effects of BPA, mice were exposed to BPA only through a one-time administration.Following the exposure through the diet, a significantly greater increase in the active form of BPA, which is the greatest threat as it is the form that can bind to sex steroid receptors and exert adverse effects, was absorbed and accumulated in the animals."People are primarily and unknowingly exposed to BPA through the diet because of the various plastic and paper containers used to store our food are formulated with BPA," said Cheryl Rosenfeld, associate professor in biomedical sciences and corresponding lead author. "We know that the active form of BPA binds to our steroid receptors, meaning it can affect estrogen, thyroid and testosterone function. It might also cause genetic mutations. Thus, this chemical can hinder our ability to reproduce and possibly cause behavioral abnormalities that we are just beginning to understand."The study notes that more than eight billion pounds of BPA are produced every year, and more than 90 percent of people in the United States have measurable amounts of BPA in their bodies."When BPA is taken through the food, the active form may remain in the body for a longer period of time than when it is provided through a single treatment, which does not reflect the continuous exposure that occurs in animal and human populations," said Rosenfeld. "We need to study this further to determine where the ingested BPA becomes concentrated and subsequently released back into the bloodstream to be distributed throughout the body."

SINGAPORE, June 14 (Xinhua) -- Researchers from Singapore and China are conducting a research aimed at using different technologies to completely capture and convert carbon dioxide in industrial emissions into energy, local daily Lianhe Zaobao reported on Tuesday.The project, supported by the National Research Foundation (NSF) of Singapore, will make use of sunlight as well as photochemical and photosynthetic processes, the foundation said.The researchers involved in the five-year project are from China's Peking University and Singapore's National University of Singapore and the Nanyang Technological University. A research center will be established under the Campus for Research Excellence and Tehnological Enterprise, a program also known as CREATE, the foundation said.It will be the first project involving cooperation with a Chinese university under the program. It will be located at the University Town of the National University of Singapore due to be completed by the end of the year.Lee Yuan-Kun, a researcher at the National University of Singapore, said no single chemical process can capture and convert the carbon dioxide completely so the researchers will be first treating the emissions with photochemical and electrochemical processes to convert most of the carbon dioxide into energy resources such as methane.The gas with thinner carbon dioxide will then be used to grow microalgae, he said.Nevertheless, for the cost of renewable energy to be close to that of fossil fuel, the efficiency will have to be drastically improved by about five to 10 times, Lee said.The project is one of three energy research projects to be housed under the Campus for Research Excellence and Tehnological Enterprise program.Zhang Dongxiao, from the College of Engineering at Peking University, said that the research program seeks to develop energy efficient and environmentally friendly carbon capture technologies that can be applied in the manufacturing and chemical industries, and that it complements Peking University's strong capability in carbon storage."Reducing carbon intensity will not only benefit both countries in terms of cost competitiveness of products made, but also portrays a good image on our national responsibility to achieve a sustainable Earth," Zhang said. 

CANBERRA, Sept. 9 (Xinhua) -- Managing other people at work triggers structural changes in the brain, protecting its memory and learning center well into old age, Australia's study revealed on Friday.Australia's University of New South Wales (UNSW) researchers have, for the first time, identified a clear link between managerial experience throughout a person's working life, and the integrity and larger size of an individual's hippocampus (the area of the brain responsible for learning and memory) at the age of 80. "We found a clear relationship between the number of employees a person may have supervised or been responsible for and the size of the hippocampus," Dr Michael Valenzuela, Leader of Regenerative Neuroscience in UNSW's School of Psychiatry, said in a statement released on Friday."This could be linked to the unique mental demands of managing people, which requires continuous problem solving, short term memory and a lot of emotional intelligence, such as the ability to put yourself in another person's shoes. Over time this could translate into the structural brain changes we observed."The findings confirmed that staying mentally active promotes brain health, potentially warding off neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's.Using MRI imagery in a cohort of 75-92 year-olds, researchers found larger hippocampal volumes in those with managerial experience compared to those without. The effect was also seen in women who had taken on managerial roles in nursing or teaching, for example.The study was presented at this week's Brain Sciences UNSW symposium Brain Plasticity The Adaptable Brain, held in Australia.

COPENHAGEN, June 7 (Xinhua) -- The outbreak of infections caused by E. coli bacteria may be over in Denmark as no new cases have been reported here since Friday.According to Denmark's National Serum Institute (NSI), there are 18 confirmed cases of severe intestinal infection caused by exposure to the bacteria as of Monday. No new infections have been reported since Friday, it added.The confirmed cases are said to consist of 10 men and 8 women aged between 23 and 81 years of age. Seven show symptoms of kidney failure which is associated with advanced stages of the infection.All but one are believed to have contracted the infection while traveling in northern Germany, where the outbreak started, the NSI said.So far, the E. coli infection has claimed 21 lives in Germany, which reports over 2,100 confirmed and suspected cases. It has also spread to 12 countries according to the World Health Organization (WHO)."This particular strain of E.coli has been identified in some people sporadically in the past, but it has not been known to have been associated with outbreaks in the past," a WHO spokesperson said Friday, adding it was a "very, very rare strain."Health authorities in Germany now suspect bean sprouts as the source of contamination in this outbreak, although this is yet to be confirmed.Dr Kaare Moelbak, an epidemiologist at NSI told Danish media Sunday that bean sprouts were a "very likely" source of contamination.Cucumbers were initially suspected and Denmark's food authority continues to warn against eating raw tomato, cucumber or lettuce from Germany until the source is established.Children are normally most vulnerable to E. coli infection but most of those infected in this outbreak are above the age of 20 years, Moelbak told Xinhua last week.He said children are likely less affected by this outbreak as they usually eat fewer salads than adults.In Germany, it is mostly women who have been affected by the infection. Moelbak explained the skew in infections saying women tend to choose to eat more vegetables than men, in comments made to Danish media Thursday.

BEIJING, Aug. 14 (Xinhua) -- Gary Locke, the newest U.S. ambassador to China, promised on Sunday to promote bilateral cooperation and understanding between the two countries.Acknowledging challenges in the "important and complex diplomatic and economic bilateral relationship" between the two countries, Locke said he looks forward to working with the Chinese government to expand bilateral cooperation and collaboration.He made the remarks at a press conference held on Sunday afternoon, his first public appearance since arriving in Beijing on Friday evening. Locke's wife Mona Lee and their three children accompanied him at the conference.Speaking about the things he hopes to accomplish over the next several months, Locke said the most important thing will be "to promote stronger and better understanding between the U.S. and China.""This must be done so that more people in the United States understand China, its history, its contributions to world civilization, its challenges and the amazing progress China has made in such a short time," he said.Locke also stressed China's "unique history, culture, and philosophy," which he said must be understood if the two countries wish to forge a more cooperative relationship.Locke, a Democrat, was elected as Washington state's 21st governor in 1996, becoming the first Chinese-American governor in U.S. history. He won reelection in 2000. President Obama nominated Locke as Commerce Secretary in February 2009.

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